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公开(公告)号：US5147602A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-15
申请号：US703325
申请日：1991-05-20
CPC分类号： C22C30/00
摘要： A high-chromium stainless steel alloy having improved resistance to stress corrosion cracking in high temperature water is comprised of, in weight percent; about 22 to 32 percent chromium, about 16 to 40 percent nickel, up to about 10 percent manganese, up to about 0.06 percent carbon, and the balance substantially iron. A preferred high-chromium alloy is further comprised of about 2 to 9 weight percent of a metal from the group consisting of titanium, niobium, tantalum, and mixtures thereof. Another preferred high-chromium alloy is further comprised of a platinum group metal in an effective amount to reduce the corrosion potential of the alloy in high-temperature water provided with hydrogen.
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5135709A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US698885
申请日：1991-05-13
IPC分类号： C23F15/00 , C22C19/03 , C22C19/07 , C22C38/00 , G21C13/087 , G21C17/022 , G21C19/307 , G21D1/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , G21C13/087 , G21C19/307 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method for lowering the corrosion potential on components formed from carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, nickel based alloys, or cobalt based alloys, and exposed to high-temperature water comprised of oxidizing species, comprising: providing a reducing species in the high temperature water that can combine with the oxidizing species, and forming the component to have a catalytic layer of a platinum group metal.
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公开(公告)号：US4627907A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-09
申请号：US667934
申请日：1984-11-02
申请人： Leonard W. Niedrach , Fritz G. Will
发明人： Leonard W. Niedrach , Fritz G. Will
IPC分类号： G01N27/404 , G01N27/49 , H01M4/02 , H01M12/06 , G01N27/52
CPC分类号： G01N27/404 , H01M12/06 , H01M4/02
摘要： An oxygen sensor having increased stability in its sensitivity is provided. The oxygen sensor includes a sensing electrode spaced from a cadmium counter electrode. An alkaline electrolyte extends between the electrodes and permits the formation of cadmium hydroxide in the counter electrode as the cell is used. An electrical circuit connects the counter electrode and sensing electrode externally of the cell. The circuit includes a resistor and thermistor network and a voltmeter. Readings on the voltmeter can be calibrated to show the concentration of ambient oxygen diffusing a polymer membrane to the sensor electrode.
摘要翻译： 提供了具有提高其灵敏度的稳定性的氧传感器。 氧传感器包括与镉对电极间隔开的感测电极。 碱性电解质在电极之间延伸，并且允许在使用电池时在对电极中形成氢氧化镉。 电路将电极外部的对电极和感测电极连接起来。 该电路包括一个电阻和热敏电阻网络以及一个电压表。 可以校准电压表上的读数，以显示将聚合物膜扩散到传感器电极的环境氧的浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US4681673A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-21
申请号：US877612
申请日：1986-06-23
申请人： Leonard W. Niedrach , Fritz G. Will
发明人： Leonard W. Niedrach , Fritz G. Will
CPC分类号： G01N27/404 , H01M12/06 , H01M4/02
摘要： An improved oxygen sensor is provided which gives oxygen concentration readings immediately and without the uncertain delays of a break-in period. The break-in period is decreased substantially by imparting to a copper counter electrode a uniform distribution of cuprous oxide throughout its structure. More reliable performance of the sensor is achieved.
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5.发明授权Hydrogen ion sensor having a membrane sheath of an oxygen ion conducting ceramic 失效具有氧离子传导陶瓷膜鞘的氢离子传感器
公开(公告)号：US4264424A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-28
申请号：US84510
申请日：1979-10-12
申请人： Leonard W. Niedrach
发明人： Leonard W. Niedrach
IPC分类号： G01N27/30 , G01N27/333 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/333
摘要： A hydrogen ion sensor comprising in combination a gas impervious membrane sheath of an oxygen ion conducting ceramic, an electrochemical system partially contained therein, a terminal external to the ceramic sheath electrically connected to the electrochemical system and means for sealing the interior of the ceramic sheath from the ambient, the electrochemical system providing a fixed steady electrical potential that varies only with temperature between the inner surface of the ceramic sheath and the terminal.
摘要翻译： 一种氢离子传感器，其组合有氧离子导电陶瓷的气体不透过膜护套，部分地包含在其中的电化学系统，与电化学系统电连接的陶瓷护套外部的端子以及用于将陶瓷护套内部密封的装置 环境中，电化学系统提供固定的稳定电位，其仅随着陶瓷护套的内表面和端子之间的温度而变化。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4120292A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-17
申请号：US759468
申请日：1977-01-14
IPC分类号： A61B5/145 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/1473 , A61B10/00 , G01N27/403 , G01N33/483
CPC分类号： A61B5/14542 , A61B5/14539 , A61B5/1473 , G01N27/4035
摘要： The reference electrode, which is physically removed from the sensing electrode, is functionally connected by means of a Ringer's solution formulation serving as an electrolyte bridge between the reference electrode and the fluid or tissue of the patient under test.
摘要翻译： 从感测电极物理去除的参比电极通过作为参考电极和被测患者的流体或组织之间的电解质桥的林格氏溶液配方功能连接。
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公开(公告)号：US3957612A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-18
申请号：US491605
申请日：1974-07-24
CPC分类号： A61B5/14542 , A61B5/1473
摘要： An in vivo specific ion sensor contains a specific ion electrode and surrounding reference half cell which has its immobilized electrolyte adjacent to and spaced from the specific ion electrode. The specific ion sensor is introduced, for example, into the blood stream by passing it through a cannula which perforates the subject's tissue and the underlying wall of the blood vessel.
摘要翻译： 体内特异性离子传感器包含特定的离子电极和周围的参考半电池，其固定电解质与特定离子电极相邻并间隔开。 例如，将特定的离子传感器通过使其穿过对象的组织和血管的下面的套管而引入血流中。
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公开(公告)号：US5164152A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-17
申请号：US739546
申请日：1991-08-02
申请人： Young J. Kim , Leonard W. Niedrach
发明人： Young J. Kim , Leonard W. Niedrach
IPC分类号： C23C18/42 , C23F15/00 , G21C19/307
CPC分类号： G21C19/307
摘要： A method of reducing flow assisted corrosion of a carbon steel component exposed to flowing low-oxygen water is disclosed. The method comprises forming a coating of a platinum group metal on the carbon steel component, and providing a ratio of hydrogen to oxygen of about 1:8 or greater in the water.
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9.发明授权Method of providing extended life expectancy for components of boiling water reactors 失效提供锅炉水反应器组件延长使用寿命的方法
公开(公告)号：US5130080A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-14
申请号：US502720
申请日：1990-04-02
申请人： Leonard W. Niedrach
发明人： Leonard W. Niedrach
IPC分类号： G21D1/00 , C02F1/20 , C23F15/00 , G21C13/087 , G21C17/022
CPC分类号： G21C17/0225 , C02F1/20 , G21C13/087 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A method of extending the life of components of newly constructed nuclear reactors or newly replaced components of existing reactors is taught. The method involves forming a deposit on the surfaces of metallic elements of the nuclear containment, as well as on the surfaces of internal components which are exposed to high-temperature, high-pressure water and steam. The deposit formed is a deposit of at least one member of the platinum group of metals. The deposit is formed by any of a number of conventional methods such as electroless deposition, electrochemical deposition, chemical vapor deposition, sputtering or other conventional method. In operation, this deposit facilitates the combination of hydrogen and oxygen to form water and thereby aids in reducing the electrochemical corrosion potential of the system to values below a critical potential range that prevents stress corrosion cracking.
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公开(公告)号：US4948492A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-14
申请号：US345740
申请日：1989-05-01
CPC分类号： G01N17/02 , G01N27/301
摘要： An electrode probe suited for employment as a reference electrode in a high pressure, high temperature, and high radiation field environment such as adjacent the core of a nuclear reactor is described. The electrode is a brazed and welded assembly consisting of only ceramic and metal parts including a sapphire crucible which is brazed to a kovar/stainless steel housing, welded in turn, to a coaxial cable assembly for signal transfer. The crucible incorporates an integrally formed pedestal through which a conductor wire extends and over which is positioned a selectively coated cylindrically shaped sealing retainer. The device is particularly suited for employment with a silver/silver chloride electrode system.
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