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公开(公告)号：US07776931B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-17
申请号：US10944288
申请日：2004-09-17
CPC分类号： C09K8/524 , C10G29/20 , C10G33/04 , C10G2300/1033 , C10G2300/203 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/1881 , C10L1/2641
摘要： Low dosage naphthenate inhibitors, such as a surfactant or hydrotrope, delivered into production fluids for contact with mixtures of oil and water, such as in a hydrocarbon producing formation, production equipment, or processing systems. Inhibitor compounds such as monophosphate esters and diphosphate esters exhibit surface-active properties that cause the inhibitors to self-associate at oil-water interfaces and inhibit interactions between organic acids in the oil with cations or cation complexes in the water. These compounds also inhibit aggregation of organic acid carboxylate salts that form when pH and pressure conditions are amenable to organic acid ionization. Preferred inhibitors do not form emulsions due to the formation of unstable mixed interface structures that result in coalescence of dispersed droplets. Naphthenate inhibitor compound dosages of less than 100 ppm can effectively inhibit naphthenate salts or other organic acid salts that can form precipitates or emulsions during crude oil production or processing.
摘要翻译： 低剂量环烷酸盐抑制剂，例如表面活性剂或水溶助长剂，被输送到用于与油和水的混合物接触的生产流体中，例如在烃生产地层，生产设备或处理系统中。 抑制剂化合物如单磷酸酯和二磷酸酯显示出表面活性的性质，其导致抑制剂在油 - 水界面处自相关并且抑制油中的有机酸与水中的阳离子或阳离子配合物之间的相互作用。 当pH和压力条件适于有机酸电离时，这些化合物还抑制形成的有机酸羧酸盐的聚集。 优选的抑制剂由于形成不稳定的混合界面结构而不形成乳液，这导致分散液滴的聚结。 小于100ppm的环烷酸盐抑制剂化合物剂量可以有效地抑制在原油生产或加工过程中可形成析出物或乳液的环烷酸盐或其它有机酸盐。
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公开(公告)号：US20130026534A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-31
申请号：US13574333
申请日：2011-01-21
IPC分类号： H01L33/00
CPC分类号： H01L33/34 , H01L33/0016
摘要： A light emitting device (10) comprises a body (11) comprising a substrate (12) of a p-type semiconductor material. The substrate has an upper surface (14) and having formed therein on one side of the upper surface and according to a bulk semi-conductor fabrication process utilizing lateral active area isolation techniques: a first n+-type island (16) to form a first junction (24) between the first island and the substrate; and a second n+-type island (18) spaced laterally from the first island (16). The substrate provides a laterally extending link (20) between the islands having an upper surface. The upper surface of the link, an upper surface of the island (16) and an upper surface of the island (18) collectively form a planar interface (21) between the body (11) and an isolation layer (19) of the device. The device comprises a terminal arrangement to apply a reverse bias to the first junction, to cause the device to emit light. The device is configured to facilitate the transmission of the emitted light.
摘要翻译： 发光器件（10）包括包括p型半导体材料的衬底（12）的主体（11）。 衬底具有上表面（14），并且在上表面的一侧上形成并且根据利用横向有源区隔离技术的体半导体制造工艺：第一n +型岛（16），以形成第一 第一岛和基底之间的接合部（24）; 以及与第一岛（16）横向间隔开的第二n +型岛（18）。 衬底在具有上表面的岛之间提供横向延伸的连杆（20）。 链节的上表面，岛（16）的上表面和岛（18）的上表面在主体（11）和装置的隔离层（19）之间共同形成平面界面（21） 。 该装置包括用于向第一结施加反向偏压以使器件发光的端子装置。 该装置被配置为便于发射的光的传输。
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公开(公告)号：US09117970B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-25
申请号：US13574333
申请日：2011-01-21
CPC分类号： H01L33/34 , H01L33/0016
摘要： A light emitting device (10) comprises a body (11) comprising a substrate (12) of a p-type semiconductor material. The substrate has an upper surface (14) and having formed therein on one side of the upper surface and according to a bulk semi-conductor fabrication process utilizing lateral active area isolation techniques: a first n+-type island (16) to form a first junction (24) between the first island and the substrate; and a second n+-type island (18) spaced laterally from the first island (16). The substrate provides a laterally extending link (20) between the islands having an upper surface. The upper surface of the link, an upper surface of the island (16) and an upper surface of the island (18) collectively form a planar interface (21) between the body (11) and an isolation layer (19) of the device. The device comprises a terminal arrangement to apply a reverse bias to the first junction, to cause the device to emit light. The device is configured to facilitate the transmission of the emitted light.
摘要翻译： 发光器件（10）包括包括p型半导体材料的衬底（12）的主体（11）。 衬底具有上表面（14），并且在上表面的一侧上形成并且根据利用横向有源区隔离技术的体半导体制造工艺：第一n +型岛（16），以形成第一 第一岛和基底之间的接合部（24）; 以及与第一岛（16）横向间隔开的第二n +型岛（18）。 衬底在具有上表面的岛之间提供横向延伸的连杆（20）。 链节的上表面，岛（16）的上表面和岛（18）的上表面在主体（11）和装置的隔离层（19）之间共同形成平面界面（21） 。 该装置包括用于向第一结施加反向偏压以使器件发光的端子装置。 该装置被配置为便于发射的光的传输。
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4.发明申请Zone settling aid and method for producing dry diluted bitumen with reduced losses of asphaltenes 审中-公开区域沉淀助剂和生产干稀沥青的方法，减少沥青质的损失公开(公告)号：US20060196812A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-07
申请号：US11366202
申请日：2006-03-02
申请人： Jan Beetge , Petrus Johannes Venter , Wang Sanyi , Xiaoli Yang , Yicheng Long , Yuming Xu , Tadeusz Dabros , Hassan Hamza
发明人： Jan Beetge , Petrus Johannes Venter , Wang Sanyi , Xiaoli Yang , Yicheng Long , Yuming Xu , Tadeusz Dabros , Hassan Hamza
IPC分类号： C10G1/00
摘要： A method includes diluting a bitumen source, such a bitumen froth from a hot water extraction process, with a hydrocarbon diluent such as naphtha, contacting the bitumen with a zone settling aid such as a polyoxyalkylate block polymer, flocculating water and fine solids in the diluted bitumen, separating the flocculated water and fine solids from the solvent-diluted bitumen, and producing dry, clean diluted bitumen. Preferably, the diluted bitumen will have less than 1.0 wt % water, but most preferably less than 0.7 wt % water. The method may further comprise maintaining the diluted bitumen under conditions that avoid the precipitation of asphaltenes from the bitumen, preferably such that the dry, clean diluted bitumen comprises essentially all, such as greater than 96%, of the asphaltene content from the bitumen source. Counter-current flow may be performed in a series of zone settling stages, such as with gravity settling.
摘要翻译： 一种方法包括用诸如石脑油之类的烃稀释剂将沥青源（例如沥青泡沫）从热水提取过程稀释，使沥青与区域沉降助剂例如聚氧烷基酯嵌段聚合物接触，絮凝水和稀释的细固体 沥青，从溶剂稀释的沥青中分离絮凝水和细小固体，并生产干燥，干净的稀释沥青。 优选地，稀释的沥青将具有小于1.0重量％的水，但最优选小于0.7重量％的水。 该方法可以进一步包括在避免沥青质从沥青沉淀的条件下保持稀释的沥青，优选地使得干的，干净的稀释的沥青基本上包含来自沥青源的沥青质含量的基本上全部的，例如大于96％的沥青质含量。 逆流可以在一系列区域沉降阶段中进行，例如重力沉降。
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公开(公告)号：US06383454B2
公开(公告)日：2002-05-07
申请号：US09905050
申请日：2001-07-13
IPC分类号： B01J804
CPC分类号： C07C17/10 , C07B39/00 , C07C67/307 , C07C19/08 , C07C69/708
摘要： A process for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate is by mixing it with an inert diluent and mixing the diluted substrate with a gaseous fluorinating reagent to form a foam reaction mixture. The fluorinating reagent reacts with the substrate in the form to foam product. The foam is separated into a liquid component which contains product and a gas component. Product is withdrawn from the liquid component which is then returned to the diluting step. Fluorinating reagent is fed into the gas component which is then recirculated to the mixing step. An installation for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate includes, in sequence as a circuit, a dilution stage, a mixing stage, a reaction stage and a separation stage. Liquid returning means feeds liquid from the separation stage to the dilution stage, and gas recirculation means feeds gas from the separation stage to the mixing stage.
摘要翻译： 用于氟化烃底物的方法是通过将其与惰性稀释剂混合并将稀释的底物与气态氟化剂混合以形成泡沫反应混合物。 氟化试剂以基材与泡沫体的形式反应。 将泡沫分离成含有产物和气体组分的液体组分。 将产物从液体组分中取出，然后将其返回到稀释步骤。 将氟化试剂进料到气体组分中，然后将其再循环到混合步骤。 用于氟化烃底物的装置依次包括稀释阶段，混合阶段，反应阶段和分离阶段。 液体返回装置将液体从分离级供给到稀释级，气体再循环装置将气体从分离级供入混合级。
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公开(公告)号：US06288291B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-11
申请号：US09573863
申请日：2000-05-18
IPC分类号： C07C1908
CPC分类号： C07C17/10 , C07B39/00 , C07C67/307 , C07C19/08 , C07C69/708
摘要： A process for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate by mixing it with an inert diluent and mixing the diluted substrate with a gaseous fluorinating reagent to form a foam reaction mixture. The fluorinating reagent reacts with the substrate in the form to foam product. The foam is separated into a liquid component which contains product and a gas component. Product is withdrawn from the liquid component which is then returned to the diluting step. Fluorinating reagent is fed into the gas component which is then recirculated to the mixing step.
摘要翻译： 通过将其与惰性稀释剂混合并将稀释的底物与气态氟化剂混合以形成泡沫反应混合物来氟化烃底物的方法。 氟化试剂以基材与泡沫体的形式反应。 将泡沫分离成含有产物和气体组分的液体组分。 将产物从液体组分中取出，然后将其返回到稀释步骤。 将氟化试剂进料到气体组分中，然后将其再循环到混合步骤。
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