公开(公告)号：US07994657B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-09

申请号：US11615074

申请日：2006-12-22

Applicant: Jonathan W. Kimball ,  Philip T. Krein ,  Nicholas D. Benavides

Inventor： Jonathan W. Kimball ,  Philip T. Krein ,  Nicholas D. Benavides

IPC: H02J1/00

CPC classification number: H02J7/34 ,  H02J7/345 ,  H02J7/35 ,  Y10T307/615 ,  Y10T307/707

Abstract: An apparatus and method for supplying energy to a load includes an energy recharge unit, an energy storage unit, an energy converter connected to the energy recharge unit, the energy converter being capable of transferring energy at a power level from the energy recharge unit to an output node, the power level being determined by a power transfer controller, and a bi-directional energy converter connected to the energy storage unit and to the output node. The bi-directional energy converter is capable of converting energy of varying voltages from the energy storage unit to energy of varying current levels to supplement the transferred energy with energy from the energy storage unit so as to maintain a constant voltage on the output node. The bi-directional energy converter is capable of converting the transferred energy to provide charging energy to the energy storage unit when the transferred energy exceeds a demand level of the load while maintaining the constant voltage at the output node.

Abstract translation: 向负载提供能量的装置和方法包括能量再充电单元，能量存储单元，连接到能量再生单元的能量转换器，所述能量转换器能够将功率能量从能量再生单元传递到能量再生单元 输出节点，功率电平由功率传输控制器确定，以及连接到能量存储单元和输出节点的双向能量转换器。 双向能量转换器能够将来自能量存储单元的变化的电压的能量转换为变化的电流水平的能量，以通过来自能量存储单元的能量补充所传送的能量，以便在输出节点上保持恒定的电压。 当传输的能量超过负载的需求水平同时保持输出节点处的恒定电压时，双向能量转换器能够转换传递的能量以向能量存储单元提供充电能量。

公开(公告)号：US20110164440A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-07

申请号：US13050592

申请日：2011-03-17

Applicant: Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Philip T. Krein

IPC: H02M7/44

CPC classification number: H02M1/32 ,  Y10T307/289

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing islanding of a power source connected to an electric AC grid via an interface. The method senses an output voltage waveform of the interface, controls an output current waveform of the interface to track a reference current waveform having a mathematical relationship with the sensed output voltage waveform, and discontinues the output current waveform when the output voltage waveform is sensed to be outside a predetermined waveform range.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于防止经由接口连接到电力交流电网的电源的孤岛的方法。 该方法检测接口的输出电压波形，控制接口的输出电流波形以跟踪与检测到的输出电压波形具有数学关系的参考电流波形，并且当输出电压波形被感测到时停止输出电流波形 超出预定波形范围。

公开(公告)号：US07681090B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-16

申请号：US11626911

申请日：2007-01-25

Applicant: Jonathan W. Kimball ,  Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Jonathan W. Kimball ,  Philip T. Krein

IPC: G06K5/04 ,  G06F1/00

CPC classification number: H02M3/156

Abstract: A method for controlling a variable of a switching electrical circuit detects values for each of a first waveform and of a second waveform in the switching circuit at a beginning of and at a predetermined instant during a switching interval of a switching operation of the electrical circuit, both of the first and second waveforms are perturbed by the switching operation, and evaluates the variable based on the corresponding values of both the first waveform and the second waveform detected at the beginning and at the predetermined instant during the switching interval. The method further adjusts an operating point of the circuit based on a change in the variable between the two evaluations so as to maximize the variable.

Abstract translation: 一种用于控制切换电路的变量的方法，在电路的切换操作的切换间隔期间的开始和预定时刻检测开关电路中的第一波形和第二波形中的每一个的值， 第一波形和第二波形都由开关操作扰动，并且基于开关期间和开关间隔期间的预定时刻检测到的第一波形和第二波形的对应值来评估该变量。 该方法基于两个评估之间的变量的变化来进一步调整电路的工作点，以使变量最大化。

公开(公告)号：US20090059631A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US11849827

申请日：2007-09-04

Applicant: Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Philip T. Krein

IPC: H02M7/44

CPC classification number: H02M1/32 ,  Y10T307/289

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing islanding of a power source connected to an electric AC grid via an interface. The method senses an output voltage waveform of the interface, controls an output current waveform of the interface to track a reference current waveform having a mathematical relationship with the sensed output voltage waveform, and discontinues the output current waveform when the output voltage waveform is sensed to be outside a predetermined waveform range.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于防止经由接口连接到电力交流电网的电源的孤岛的方法。 该方法检测接口的输出电压波形，控制接口的输出电流波形以跟踪与检测到的输出电压波形具有数学关系的参考电流波形，并且当输出电压波形被感测到时停止输出电流波形 超出预定波形范围。

公开(公告)号：US20080183338A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-31

申请号：US11626911

申请日：2007-01-25

Applicant: Jonathan W. Kimball ,  Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Jonathan W. Kimball ,  Philip T. Krein

IPC: G05B15/02

CPC classification number: H02M3/156

Abstract: A method for controlling a variable of a switching electrical circuit detects values for each of a first waveform and of a second waveform in the switching circuit at a beginning of and at a predetermined instant during a switching interval of a switching operation of the electrical circuit, both of the first and second waveforms are perturbed by the switching operation, and evaluates the variable based on the corresponding values of both the first waveform and the second waveform detected at the beginning and at the predetermined instant during the switching interval. The method further adjusts an operating point of the circuit based on a change in the variable between the two evaluations so as to maximize the variable.

Abstract translation: 一种用于控制切换电路的变量的方法，在电路的切换操作的切换间隔期间的开始和预定时刻检测开关电路中的第一波形和第二波形中的每一个的值， 第一波形和第二波形都由开关操作扰动，并且基于开关期间和开关间隔期间的预定时刻检测到的第一波形和第二波形的对应值来评估该变量。 该方法基于两个评估之间的变量的变化来进一步调整电路的工作点，以使变量最大化。

公开(公告)号：US5801519A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-01

申请号：US668124

申请日：1996-06-21

Applicant: Pallab Midya ,  Philip T. Krein ,  Robert J. Turnbull

Inventor： Pallab Midya ,  Philip T. Krein ,  Robert J. Turnbull

IPC: G05F1/67 ,  H02M3/156 ,  G05F1/575

CPC classification number: G05F1/67 ,  H02M3/156 ,  H02M2001/0022 ,  Y02E10/58 ,  Y10S323/906

Abstract: In any steady-state optimization problem, the output being optimized could be a nonmonotonic function of the controlled variable. Often the output is dependent on the temperature, the load impedance, and other unknown and variable quantities. Thus, it is very useful to have an automatic tuning scheme that will take the system to the desired operating point using only input and output information. The present invention is a generalized tuning scheme that uses the correlation between changes in the input and corresponding changes in the output to tune the operating point. In general terms, the present invention utilizes a correlation function between the controlled variable and a perturbed waveform. When the system reaches the desired operating point, the correlation goes to zero and the system converges. This corresponds to the point at which the derivative of the output with respect to the input is zero. This tuning scheme is appropriate for any tuning problem which has a single maximum or minimum. A variety of tuning problems in power electronics and other areas fall into this category. A tuning scheme based on correlation usually requires an excitation input. The switching action in the controlled circuit perturbs all the states and provides this excitation. Thus, this tuning scheme is appropriate for switching power applications. A preferred embodiment of the present application is used to control a power converter in a solar array application.

Abstract translation: 在任何稳态优化问题中，被优化的输出可以是受控变量的非单调函数。 通常输出取决于温度，负载阻抗和其他未知和可变量。 因此，使用仅使用输入和输出信息将系统带到期望的操作点的自动调谐方案是非常有用的。 本发明是一种通用调谐方案，其使用输入中的变化与输出的相应变化之间的相关性来调整工作点。 一般来说，本发明利用受控变量和扰动波形之间的相关函数。 当系统达到所需的工作点时，相关性将变为零，系统收敛。 这对应于输出相对于输入的导数为零的点。 该调谐方案适用于具有单个最大值或最小值的任何调谐问题。 电力电子等领域的各种调谐问题属于这一类。 基于相关性的调谐方案通常需要激励输入。 受控电路中的开关动作会干扰所有状态并提供这种激励。 因此，该调谐方案适用于开关电源应用。 本申请的优选实施例用于控制太阳能阵列应用中的功率转换器。

公开(公告)号：US08737100B2

公开(公告)日：2014-05-27

申请号：US13647847

申请日：2012-10-09

Applicant: Patrick L. Chapman ,  Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Patrick L. Chapman ,  Philip T. Krein

IPC: H02M7/44

CPC classification number: H02M7/537 ,  H02J3/383 ,  Y02E10/563

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling an inverter includes operating the inverter in a one of a normal run mode or a pulse mode depending on one or more criteria. When operating in the pulse mode, the inverter generates a sinusoidal output pulse waveform including a plurality of pulses having a determined pulse width. The pulse width is less than a half-wave period of a full-cycle sinusoidal waveform and may be determined as function of, for example, the output power of the inverter, a grid voltage, and/or other criteria.

Abstract translation: 用于控制逆变器的方法和装置包括根据一个或多个标准以正常运行模式或脉冲模式中的一个操作逆变器。 当在脉冲模式下操作时，逆变器产生包括具有确定的脉冲宽度的多个脉冲的正弦输出脉冲波形。 脉冲宽度小于全周期正弦波形的半波周期，并且可以被确定为例如逆变器的输出功率，电网电压和/或其他标准的函数。

公开(公告)号：US08508074B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-13

申请号：US13340076

申请日：2011-12-29

Applicant: Pradeep S. Shenoy ,  Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Pradeep S. Shenoy ,  Philip T. Krein

IPC: H02J1/00

CPC classification number: H02J1/00 ,  H01L31/02021 ,  H02J3/383 ,  Y02E10/563 ,  Y10T307/352 ,  Y10T307/609 ,  Y10T307/685 ,  Y10T307/707

Abstract: A solar power system is provided for maximizing solar power conversion. The solar power system includes n power units connected in series and n-1 DC-DC converting units, and each of the n-1 DC-DC converting units is coupled to at least one of n solar power units. Each of the n-1 DC-DC converting units is configured to control the correspondingly connected solar power units to operate at a target current generation. The solar power system further includes a controlling unit coupled to the n-1 DC-DC converting units. The controlling unit monitors and compares the n currents generated by the n solar power units. Based on the current comparison, the controlling unit determines a series current and controls the n solar power units so that each of the generated photovoltaic currents is substantially equal to the determined series current.

Abstract translation: 提供太阳能发电系统以最大限度地提高太阳能转换。 太阳能发电系统包括串联连接的n个电力单元和n-1个DC-DC转换单元，并且n-1个DC-DC转换单元中的每一个耦合到n个太阳能发电单元中的至少一个。 每个n-1个DC-DC转换单元被配置为控制相应连接的太阳能发电单元以目标电流产生运行。 太阳能发电系统还包括耦合到n-1个DC-DC转换单元的控制单元。 控制单元监视和比较由n个太阳能发电单元产生的n个电流。 基于当前的比较，控制单元确定串联电流并且控制n个太阳能发电单元，使得每个所产生的光电流基本上等于所确定的串联电流。

公开(公告)号：US08423312B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-16

申请号：US13050592

申请日：2011-03-17

Applicant: Philip T. Krein

Inventor： Philip T. Krein

IPC: G06F13/20

CPC classification number: H02M1/32 ,  Y10T307/289

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing islanding of a power source connected to an electric AC grid via an interface. The method senses an output voltage waveform of the interface, controls an output current waveform of the interface to track a reference current waveform having a mathematical relationship with the sensed output voltage waveform, and discontinues the output current waveform when the output voltage waveform is sensed to be outside a predetermined waveform range.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于防止经由接口连接到电力交流电网的电源的孤岛的方法。 该方法检测接口的输出电压波形，控制接口的输出电流波形以跟踪与检测到的输出电压波形具有数学关系的参考电流波形，并且当输出电压波形被感测到时停止输出电流波形 超出预定波形范围。

公开(公告)号：US20110305050A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-15

申请号：US13215527

申请日：2011-08-23

Applicant: Philip T. Krein ,  Robert S. Balog, JR.

Inventor： Philip T. Krein ,  Robert S. Balog, JR.

IPC: H02M1/14

CPC classification number: H02J3/1835 ,  H02J3/1842 ,  H02J3/383 ,  H02J3/387 ,  H02J2001/004 ,  Y02E10/563 ,  Y02E40/22 ,  Y02E40/30

Abstract: A method is provided for minimizing a double-frequency ripple power exchanged between a load and an energy source, the energy source delivering electrical power to the load through a single-phase power conditioner, and the power conditioner being coupled to an energy storage device. The method includes determining a phase shift of an AC output signal of the power condition and an average AC output power of the power conditioner. The average AC output power may be a predetermined value or a calculated value based on sensed or measured signals. The method further includes generating an AC signal at an energy storage device. The generated AC signal has an amplitude that is a function of the average AC output power and a phase shift substantially equal to 45 degrees minus an amount that is dependent on the determined phase shift. In some embodiments, the phase shift may be determined to be of a non-zero value.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于最小化负载和能量源之间交换的双频纹波功率的方法，所述能量源通过单相功率调节器将功率传送到负载，并且所述功率调节器耦合到能量存储装置。 该方法包括确定功率条件的AC输出信号的相移和功率调节器的平均AC输出功率。 平均交流输出功率可以是基于感测或测量信号的预定值或计算值。 该方法还包括在能量存储装置处产生AC信号。 所产生的AC信号具有作为平均AC输出功率的函数的幅度和基本上等于45度的相移减去取决于确定的相移的量。 在一些实施例中，可以将相移确定为非零值。