公开(公告)号：US07596436B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-29

申请号：US11587983

申请日：2005-04-08

申请人： Johann Falter ,  Alfons Fisch ,  Ralf Förster ,  Marco Kick ,  Thomas Maier ,  Norman Marenco ,  Peter Skotzek

发明人： Johann Falter ,  Alfons Fisch ,  Ralf Förster ,  Marco Kick ,  Thomas Maier ,  Norman Marenco ,  Peter Skotzek

IPC分类号： G01M17/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/266 ,  B60R16/023 ,  B60W50/023 ,  F02D41/20 ,  F02D41/221 ,  F02D41/28 ,  F02D2041/2048 ,  F02D2041/2051 ,  F02D2041/2089 ,  F02D2200/503 ,  H02H3/202

摘要： The operating voltage is monitored in a microcontroller having associated output stages which are used to control components. In the case of over-voltage, the output stage is disconnected. Two technology-related, voltage monitoring devices working in different operating voltage ranges are provided. Due to the combination thereof, a highly precise disconnection threshold and a greater area for the operating voltage, which is to be monitored, can be obtained. If a malfunction of an over-voltage occurs, the output stages can be disconnected in a reliable manner.

摘要翻译： 在具有用于控制组件的相关联的输出级的微控制器中监视工作电压。 在过电压情况下，输出级断开。 提供了两个技术相关的工作在不同工作电压范围内的电压监控装置。 由于它们的组合，可以获得待监视的高精度的断开阈值和用于工作电压的较大面积。 如果发生过电压故障，可以可靠地断开输出级。

公开(公告)号：US06257216B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09533758

申请日：2000-03-23

申请人： Ralf Förster ,  Alfons Fisch

发明人： Ralf Förster ,  Alfons Fisch

IPC分类号： F02P300

CPC分类号： F02P3/0435

摘要： The primary winding of an ignition coil is connected in series with an ignition switch that can be switched by a control circuit. A circuit including a capacitor, a resistor, and a diode is configured between the control terminal and the collector of the ignition switch. When the primary current is switched on, the capacitor discharge brings about a voltage reduction at the base of the ignition switch resulting in slowing down the trailing voltage edge at the collector of the ignition switch.

摘要翻译： 点火线圈的初级绕组与可由控制电路切换的点火开关串联连接。 包括电容器，电阻器和二极管的电路配置在点火开关的控制端子和集电器之间。 当初级电流接通时，电容器放电在点火开关的底部产生电压降低，导致点火开关的集电极处的后沿电压边沿减慢。

公开(公告)号：US06204693B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-20

申请号：US09412063

申请日：1999-10-04

申请人： Ralf Förster ,  Alfons Fisch

发明人： Ralf Förster ,  Alfons Fisch

IPC分类号： H03K19018

CPC分类号： F02P3/053

摘要： An apparatus is described for regulating the flow of current through a load in which the flow of current is monitored in the form of a reference voltage by an analog input and a digital input of an arithmetic and logic unit. The voltage measured at the analog input is used to regulate the flow of current. The voltage measured at the digital input either as a low or as a high signal is used to switch off the flow of current when there is a low signal.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于调节通过模拟输入和算术和逻辑单元的数字输入以参考电压的形式监视电流的负载的电流的流量的装置。 在模拟输入端测量的电压用于调节电流。 在数字输入端测得的低电平或高电平信号用于当有低信号时关闭电流。

公开(公告)号：US07548070B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-16

申请号：US11908853

申请日：2006-01-25

申请人： Ralf Förster ,  Gunther Wolfarth

发明人： Ralf Förster ,  Gunther Wolfarth

IPC分类号： G01R31/02

CPC分类号： G01R31/024 ,  G01R19/165

摘要： A method and a circuit are provided for the continuous detection of a line break in a full bridge controlling an inductive load. When the full bridge is switched off or on, a pre-determinable switching device of the circuit is switched first, and then a potential applied to a connection between the switching device and the load is tapped. The tapped potential is then compared with the ground potential when the switching device is connected to the supply potential, or with the supply potential when the switching device is connected to the ground potential. A line break is then determined when the two compared potentials are not different in the free running state thereof.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和电路，用于连续检测控制感性负载的全桥中的换行。 当全桥被关闭或打开时，首先切换电路的预先确定的开关装置，然后点击施加到开关装置和负载之间的连接的电位。 然后，当开关器件连接到电源电位时，或者当开关器件连接到地电位时，将电位与接地电位进行比较。 当两个比较电位在其自由运行状态下没有不同时，确定换行符。

公开(公告)号：US07265535B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-04

申请号：US11271200

申请日：2005-11-10

申请人： Bastian Arndt ,  Ralf Förster ,  Konstantin Thiveos ,  Gunther Wolfarth

发明人： Bastian Arndt ,  Ralf Förster ,  Konstantin Thiveos ,  Gunther Wolfarth

IPC分类号： G01R31/28

CPC分类号： G01R31/3277 ,  H03K17/0822 ,  H03K17/18

摘要： A circuit configuration providing a diagnostic signal for a power switching device which switches a load has a test circuit, a filter device, a validation device, and a coding device. The test circuit tests the power switching device and generates error symptoms for characterizing error types of different priorities. The filter device, depending on an activation signal activating the power switching device, provides a validity signal for the generated error symptoms. The validity signal specifies the validity of the corresponding error symptom in each case. The validation device validates a generated error symptom depending on the associated validity signal in each case and validates the validated activation signal and from this generates a group of is states and the associated complementary states. The coding device codes the states and complementary states depending on the priorities of the error types assigned to the states and complementary states. The diagnostic signal is formed from the coded states and complementary states.

摘要翻译： 提供用于切换负载的功率开关装置的诊断信号的电路配置具有测试电路，滤波器装置，验证装置和编码装置。 测试电路测试电源开关设备，并产生用于表征不同优先级的错误类型的错误症状。 根据启动电源切换装置的激活信号，滤波器装置为所产生的错误症状提供有效信号。 在每种情况下，有效信号指定相应错误症状的有效性。 验证装置在每种情况下根据相关联的有效信号验证产生的错误症状，并且验证已验证的激活信号，并且由此产生一组状态和相关联的互补状态。 编码设备根据分配给状态和互补状态的错误类型的优先级来对状态和互补状态进行编码。 诊断信号由编码状态和互补状态形成。

公开(公告)号：US08269132B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-18

申请号：US12225518

申请日：2007-02-16

申请人： Ralf Förster ,  Karsten Klein ,  Ulrich Laudien ,  Silke Settegast ,  Ramesh Subramanian

发明人： Ralf Förster ,  Karsten Klein ,  Ulrich Laudien ,  Silke Settegast ,  Ramesh Subramanian

IPC分类号： B23H1/06

CPC分类号： B23H1/08 ,  B23H1/00 ,  B23H7/34 ,  B23H9/10

摘要： The invention relates to a method for electrical discharge machining of electrically non-conductive material in which a layer of an electrically conductive substance is applied as an auxiliary electrode on the electrically non-conductive material. Said method is characterized in that the electrically conductive substance is chemically converted by oxidative heat treatment after electrical discharge machining.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于非导电材料的放电加工的方法，其中导电物质层作为辅助电极施加在非导电材料上。 所述方法的特征在于，在放电加工后，通过氧化热处理对导电物质进行化学转化。

公开(公告)号：US07924065B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-12

申请号：US12175049

申请日：2008-07-17

申请人： Ralf Förster ,  Marco Well ,  Gunther Wolfarth

发明人： Ralf Förster ,  Marco Well ,  Gunther Wolfarth

IPC分类号： H03K3/00

CPC分类号： H03K17/18 ,  H03K17/08122

摘要： An integrated circuit has a control circuit (2) for a power field-effect transistor (3), wherein the integrated circuit has a first input (202) for receiving a control signal (CE) and an output to switch the field-effect transistor (3) on or off. The control circuit further has a driver circuit for providing a voltage level at the output in response of the control signal. A second input is provided for receiving a configuration signal, the configuration signal for configuring the voltage level being provided by the driver circuit in response to the control signal.

摘要翻译： 集成电路具有用于功率场效应晶体管（3）的控制电路（2），其中集成电路具有用于接收控制信号（CE）的第一输入（202）和用于切换场效应晶体管 （3）开或关。 控制电路还具有用于响应于控制信号在输出端提供电压电平的驱动电路。 提供第二输入用于接收配置信号，用于配置由驱动器电路响应于控制信号提供的电压电平的配置信号。

公开(公告)号：US08676354B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-18

申请号：US13058918

申请日：2009-09-02

申请人： Ralf Förster

发明人： Ralf Förster

IPC分类号： G05B11/01

CPC分类号： G05B19/0426 ,  G05B2219/23255

摘要： The invention relates to an automation system having a number of objects to to be controlled, wherein the automation system comprises a framework based controller (21) for controlling basic functions (23) of at least one object of the number of objects by means of object-specific functional units (25), wherein the controller (21) is configured independently of the object, and comprises standardized interfaces (26) for the communicative incorporation of the object-specific functional units (25) by means of preconfigured functional requests, wherein each functional unit (25) is associated with at least one of the objects and configured for actuating the respective basic function (23) of the respectively associated object by means of object-specific control functions, wherein each object of the number of objects may be virtualized in the controller (21) by means of the associated object-specific functional units (25), and the objects of the number of objects respond and can be controlled by means of the object-specific functional units (25) during at least one operating state of the automation system exclusively by the framework based controller (21), and each of the functional units (25) comprises one simulation module having at least one simulation function integrated in the respective functional unit (25), and may optionally be configured for carrying out the object-specific control function or for carrying out the at least one simulation function. The invention further provides a method for testing an automation system having a framework based controller, and a method for the framework based controlling of a respective automation system.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有要控制的多个对象的自动化系统，其中该自动化系统包括一个基于框架的控制器（21），用于通过对象来控制物体数量的至少一个对象的基本功能（23） 特定功能单元（25），其中所述控制器（21）被独立于所述对象配置，并且包括用于通过预配置的功能请求来通信地结合所述对象特定功能单元（25）的标准化接口（26），其中 每个功能单元（25）与所述对象中的至少一个相关联并且被配置为通过对象特定控制功能致动相应关联对象的相应基本功能（23），其中所述对象数量的每个对象可以是 通过相关联的对象特定功能单元（25）在控制器（21）中虚拟化，并且对象数量的对象响应并且可以被控制 在所述自动化系统的至少一个操作状态期间由所述基于框架的控制器（21）专用地通过所述对象特定功能单元（25），并且所述功能单元（25）中的每一个包括具有至少一个模拟 功能集成在相应的功能单元（25）中，并且可以可选地被配置为执行对象特定的控制功能或用于执行至少一个模拟功能。 本发明还提供了一种用于测试具有基于框架的控制器的自动化系统的方法，以及用于基于框架的各自自动化系统的控制的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20120022669A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-26

申请号：US13058918

申请日：2009-09-02

申请人： Ralf Förster

发明人： Ralf Förster

IPC分类号： G05B15/02

CPC分类号： G05B19/0426 ,  G05B2219/23255

摘要： The invention relates to an automation system having a number of objects to to be controlled, wherein the automation system comprises a framework based controller (21) for controlling basic functions (23) of at least one object of the number of objects by means of object-specific functional units (25), wherein the controller (21) is configured independently of the object, and comprises standardized interfaces (26) for the communicative incorporation of the object-specific functional units (25) by means of preconfigured functional requests, wherein each functional unit (25) is associated with at least one of the objects and configured for actuating the respective basic function (23) of the respectively associated object by means of object-specific control functions, wherein each object of the number of objects may be virtualized in the controller (21) by means of the associated object-specific functional units (25), and the objects of the number of objects respond and can be controlled by means of the object-specific functional units (25) during at least one operating state of the automation system exclusively by the framework based controller (21), and each of the functional units (25) comprises one simulation module having at least one simulation function integrated in the respective functional unit (25), and may optionally be configured for carrying out the object-specific control function or for carrying out the at least one simulation function. The invention further provides a method for testing an automation system having a framework based controller, and a method for the framework based controlling of a respective automation system.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有要控制的多个对象的自动化系统，其中该自动化系统包括一个基于框架的控制器（21），用于通过对象来控制物体数量的至少一个对象的基本功能（23） 特定功能单元（25），其中所述控制器（21）被独立于所述对象配置，并且包括用于通过预配置的功能请求来通信地结合所述对象特定功能单元（25）的标准化接口（26），其中 每个功能单元（25）与所述对象中的至少一个相关联并且被配置为通过对象特定控制功能致动相应关联对象的相应基本功能（23），其中所述对象数量的每个对象可以是 通过相关联的对象特定功能单元（25）在控制器（21）中虚拟化，并且对象数量的对象响应并且可以被控制 在所述自动化系统的至少一个操作状态期间由所述基于框架的控制器（21）专用地通过所述对象特定功能单元（25），并且所述功能单元（25）中的每一个包括具有至少一个模拟 功能集成在相应的功能单元（25）中，并且可以可选地被配置为执行对象特定控制功能或用于执行至少一个模拟功能。 本发明还提供了一种用于测试具有基于框架的控制器的自动化系统的方法，以及用于基于框架的各自自动化系统的控制的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20090309607A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-17

申请号：US12440928

申请日：2007-05-31

申请人： Bastian Arndt ,  Ralf Förster ,  Marco Well ,  Gunther Wolfarth

发明人： Bastian Arndt ,  Ralf Förster ,  Marco Well ,  Gunther Wolfarth

IPC分类号： G01R31/02

CPC分类号： G01R31/024

摘要： A method for detecting the state of a load device which can be connected to a switching connection, wherein the switching connection can be coupled to, and decoupled from, a predefined switching potential. A voltage drop across the switching connection is used as a basis for detecting whether the load device is connected to the switching connection, the load device is not connected to the switching connection or there is a short circuit between the switching connection and a first or a second switching potential. An additional current source is connected to the switching connection at the same time as the switching connection is decoupled from the predefined switching potential.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测可连接到开关连接的负载装置的状态的方法，其中所述开关连接可以耦合到预定义的开关电位并从其去耦。 使用开关连接两端的电压降作为检测负载装置是否连接到开关连接的基础，负载装置未连接到开关连接，或者在开关连接与第一或第二连接之间存在短路 第二开关电位。 在切换连接与预定义的开关电位分离的同时，额外的电流源连接到开关连接。