公开(公告)号：US06433790B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09234133

申请日：1999-01-19

申请人： Ralph Clayton Taylor ,  Daniel B. Clifton ,  David Gotwalt ,  Michael A. Mang ,  Thomas A. Piazza ,  Jeffrey D. Potter

发明人： Ralph Clayton Taylor ,  Daniel B. Clifton ,  David Gotwalt ,  Michael A. Mang ,  Thomas A. Piazza ,  Jeffrey D. Potter

IPC分类号： G09G536

CPC分类号： G06T11/203 ,  G06T11/40 ,  G09G5/026 ,  G09G5/20

摘要： A method and system for rendering a feature, such as a line, for display on an array of pixels. With this method, the line is identified on the pixel array, the line is expanded into a polygon, and color values are determined for the pixels within the polygon. Also, an antialiasing region is identified in the polygon, and blend values are computed for the pixels in this antialiasing region. Then, the color values determined for the pixels in the antialiasing region are modified as a function of these computed blend values. The pixels in the antialiasing region may then be shown at their modified color values, while the pixels that are in the polygon but not in the antialising region may be shown at their original determined color value. Preferably, the blend values for the pixels in the antialiasing region are calculated as a function of the locations of the pixels in that region. For example, the blend value for each of these pixels may be calculated as a function of four values, each one representing the Manhattan distance from the pixel to a respective one of the edges of the polygon. Also, preferably the antialiasing region has a uniform width, and this region extends inward from side edges and outward from end edges of the formed polygon.

摘要翻译： 用于渲染诸如线的特征的方法和系统，用于在像素阵列上显示。 使用该方法，在像素阵列上识别线，将线扩展为多边形，并且确定多边形内的像素的颜色值。 此外，在多边形中识别抗混叠区域，并且为该抗混叠区域中的像素计算混合值。 然后，针对抗锯齿区域中的像素确定的颜色值被修改为这些计算的混合值的函数。 然后可以以其修改的颜色值示出抗锯齿区域中的像素，而可以以其原始确定的颜色值示出处于多边形但不在反偏移区域中的像素。 优选地，根据该区域中的像素的位置来计算抗锯齿区域中的像素的混合值。 例如，可以将这些像素中的每一个的混合值计算为四个值的函数，每个值表示从像素到多边形的相应边缘的曼哈顿距离。 此外，优选地，抗锯齿区域具有均匀的宽度，并且该区域从侧边缘向内延伸并且从形成的多边形的端边缘向外延伸。

公开(公告)号：US6072505A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-06

申请号：US53589

申请日：1998-04-01

申请人： Thomas A. Piazza ,  R. Scott Hartog ,  Michael Mantor ,  Jeffrey D. Potter ,  Ralph Clayton Taylor ,  Michael A. Mang

发明人： Thomas A. Piazza ,  R. Scott Hartog ,  Michael Mantor ,  Jeffrey D. Potter ,  Ralph Clayton Taylor ,  Michael A. Mang

IPC分类号： G06T3/40 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G06F15/00

CPC分类号： G06T3/403

摘要： A rasterizer comprised of a bounding box calculator, a plane converter, a windower, and incrementers. For each polygon to be processed, a bounding box calculation is performed which determines the display screen area, in spans, that totally encloses the polygon and passes the data to the plane converter. The plane converter also receives as input attribute values for each vertex of the polygon. The plane converter computes planar coefficients for each attribute of the polygon, for each of the edges of the polygon. The plane converter unit computes the start pixel center location at a start span and a starting coefficient value at that pixel center. The computed coefficients also include the rate of change or gradient, for each polygon attribute in the x and y directions, respectively. The plane converter also computes line coefficients for each of the edges of the polygon. Line equation values are passed through to the windower where further calculations allow the windower to determine which spans are either covered or intersected by the polygon. The incrementers receive the span coverage data from the windower in addition to receiving planar coefficient values from the plane converter. The incrementers utilize the data from both the windower and plane converter to walk or traverse the polygon in those intersected spans, pixel by pixel. As the incrementer visits each pixel, vertex attribute values are interpolated to each pixel.

摘要翻译： 由边界计算器，平面转换器，加窗器和加法器构成的光栅化器。 对于要处理的每个多边形，执行边界框计算，其确定完全包围多边形并将数据传递到平面转换器的跨度的显示屏幕区域。 平面转换器还接收多边形的每个顶点的输入属性值。 平面转换器为多边形的每个边缘计算多边形的每个属性的平面系数。 平面转换器单元计算开始跨度处的开始像素中心位置和该像素中心处的起始系数值。 所计算的系数也分别包括x和y方向上每个多边形属性的变化率或梯度。 平面转换器还为多边形的每个边缘计算线系数。 线路方程值被传递到风力发电机，进一步的计算允许风轮确定哪个跨度被多边形覆盖或相交。 除了从平面转换器接收平面系数值之外，增量器还接收来自风力发电机的跨距覆盖数据。 增量器利用来自两台风力发电机和平面转换器的数据逐行扫描或横穿那些相交的跨度中的多边形。 随着增量器访问每个像素，顶点属性值被内插到每个像素。

公开(公告)号：US06784888B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-31

申请号：US09969669

申请日：2001-10-03

申请人： Ralph C. Taylor ,  Michael A. Mang ,  Michael J. Mantor

发明人： Ralph C. Taylor ,  Michael A. Mang ,  Michael J. Mantor

IPC分类号： G06T1500

CPC分类号： G06F9/3001 ,  G06F9/3017 ,  G06T15/005

摘要： The occurrence of an (n+m) input operand instruction that requires more than n of its input operands from an n-output data source is recognized by a programmable vertex shader (PVS) controller. In turn, the PVS controller provides at least two substitute instructions, neither of which requires more than n operands from the n output data source, to a PVS engine. A first of the substitute instructions is executed by the PVS engine to provide an intermediate result that is temporarily stored and used as an input to another of the at least two substitute instructions. In this manner, the present invention avoids the expense of additional or significantly modified memory. In one embodiment of the present invention, a pre-accumulator register internal to the PVS engine is used to store the intermediate result. In this manner, the present invention provides a relatively inexpensive solution for a relatively infrequent occurrence.

摘要翻译： 可编程顶点着色器（PVS）控制器识别需要从n输出数据源输入操作数大于n的（n + m）个输入操作数指令。 反过来，PVS控制器提供至少两个替代指令，这两个指令都不需要n个输出数据源的n个操作数到PVS引擎。 替代指令中的第一个由PVS引擎执行，以提供临时存储的中间结果，并将其用作至少两个替代指令中的另一个的输入。 以这种方式，本发明避免了附加或显着修改的存储器的费用。 在本发明的一个实施例中，PVS引擎内部的预累加器寄存器用于存储中间结果。 以这种方式，本发明提供了相对不频繁发生的相对便宜的解决方案。

公开(公告)号：US06507348B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-14

申请号：US09496732

申请日：2000-02-02

申请人： Michael A. Mang ,  Ralph C. Taylor ,  Michael J. Manter ,  Thomas B. Pringle

发明人： Michael A. Mang ,  Ralph C. Taylor ,  Michael J. Manter ,  Thomas B. Pringle

IPC分类号： G06T1530

CPC分类号： G06T15/30

摘要： A method and apparatus for clipping an object element include processing that begins by ascribing barycentric coordinates to each original vertices of an object-element wherein each barycentric coordinate is a weighting factor with respect to a corresponding original vertex. The processing continues by obtaining clipping distances for each original vertex with respect to a clipping plane. For a new vertex of an object-element that represents an intersection of an edge of the object-element with the clipping plane, the process continues by determining a barycentric coordinate for the new vertex. The determination of the new vertex is based on the barycentric coordinates of the original vertices defining the edge and the clipping distances. Having determined the barycentric coordinates for the new vertices corresponding to a clipping plane, the process is repeated for each of a plurality of other clipping planes that intersect the object-element. Once all of the clipping planes have been processed, the attributes for the resulting clipped object element are calculated based on the barycentric coordinates of the vertices defining the clipped object element and the attributes of the original vertices.

摘要翻译： 用于剪切对象元素的方法和装置包括通过将重心坐标归因于对象元素的每个原始顶点开始的处理，其中每个重心坐标是相对于相应的原始顶点的加权因子。 通过相对于剪切平面获得每个原始顶点的剪切距离来继续处理。 对于表示对象元素的边缘与剪切平面的交集的对象元素的新顶点，该过程通过确定新顶点的重心坐标而继续。 新顶点的确定是基于限定边缘的原始顶点和剪切距离的重心坐标。 确定了与剪切平面相对应的新顶点的重心坐标时，对于与对象元素相交的多个其他裁剪平面中的每一个重复该过程。 一旦已经处理了所有剪切平面，则基于定义剪切对象元素的顶点的重心坐标和原始顶点的属性来计算所生成的剪切对象元素的属性。

公开(公告)号：US06686924B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-03

申请号：US09496730

申请日：2000-02-02

申请人： Michael A. Mang ,  Ralph C. Tayor ,  Michael J. Mantor

发明人： Michael A. Mang ,  Ralph C. Tayor ,  Michael J. Mantor

IPC分类号： G06T1550

CPC分类号： G06T15/30

摘要： A method and apparatus for parallel processing of geometric aspects of video graphics data include processing that begins by determining whether an object-element is within a clipped volume. The processing continues by determining whether the object-element is to be clipped when it is within the clipped volume. The processing then continues by performing in parallel, a clipping function and an attribute derivation function upon the object-element when the object-element is to be clipped. The attribute derivation function may include performing a light function, texture map function, etc.

摘要翻译： 用于并行处理视频图形数据的几何方面的方法和装置包括通过确定对象元素是否在剪辑的卷内开始的处理。 该处理继续通过确定在被限制的卷内是否要剪切对象元素。 然后，当对象元素被剪切时，通过并行执行剪切函数和对象元素上的属性导出函数来继续处理。 属性导出功能可以包括执行光功能，纹理贴图功能等

公开(公告)号：US06664960B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09853840

申请日：2001-05-10

申请人： Vineet Goel ,  Robert S. Hartog ,  Michael A. Mang

发明人： Vineet Goel ,  Robert S. Hartog ,  Michael A. Mang

IPC分类号： G06T1500

CPC分类号： G06T17/20

摘要： An apparatus for processing a non-planar graphics primitive employs an associated method of operation and includes a controller, at least one computation engine, memory and at least one lookup table. Responsive to operation codes issued by the controller, the computation engine(s) determines a group of control points based on the position coordinates and normal vectors of the non-planar primitive vertices. The computation engine(s) then determines position coordinates of supplemental vertices defining multiple planar tessellated primitives based on the control points and stored weighting factors that provide a cubic relation between the control points and the position coordinates of the supplemental vertices. A first memory stores at least the control points and at least one lookup table stores the cubic weighting factors. A second memory stores the position coordinates of the non-planar primitive vertices and the supplemental vertices of the planar primitives generated through tessellation for further graphics processing.

摘要翻译： 用于处理非平面图形基元的装置采用相关联的操作方法，并且包括控制器，至少一个计算引擎，存储器和至少一个查找表。 响应于由控制器发出的操作代码，计算引擎基于非平面原始顶点的位置坐标和法向量确定一组控制点。 然后，计算引擎基于控制点和存储的加权因子来确定在控制点和补充顶点的位置坐标之间提供立方关系的定义多个平面镶嵌图元的补充顶点的位置坐标。 第一存储器至少存储控制点，并且至少一个查找表存储立方加权因子。 第二存储器存储非平面原始顶点的位置坐标和通过细分的生成的平面基元的补充顶点以进一步的图形处理。

公开(公告)号：US06967664B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-22

申请号：US09552932

申请日：2000-04-20

申请人： Ralph C. Taylor ,  Michael Mantor ,  Michael A. Mang

发明人： Ralph C. Taylor ,  Michael Mantor ,  Michael A. Mang

IPC分类号： G09G5/02

CPC分类号： G06T15/30

摘要： A method and apparatus for processing graphics primitives that includes a trivial discard guard band. Such a trivial discard guard band is used for comparison operations with the vertices of graphics primitives to determine whether the graphics primitives can be trivially discarded such that no further processing of the primitives is performed. The trivial discard guard band may be based on the specific dimensions of primitives such as one-half of the width of the line primitives or the radial dimension of point primitives such that the rasterization area of such primitives is taken into account when trivial discard decisions are performed.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理包括平凡丢弃保护带的图形图元的方法和装置。 这样一个平凡的丢弃保护带用于与图形基元的顶点的比较操作，以确定是否可以平均地丢弃图形基元，使得不执行对图元的进一步处理。 平凡的丢弃保护带可以基于诸如线基元的宽度的一半或点基元的径向尺寸的基元的特定尺寸，使得当简单的丢弃决定是这样的原理时，考虑到这样的图元的光栅化区域 执行。

公开(公告)号：US06512524B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-28

申请号：US09496735

申请日：2000-02-02

申请人： Michael A. Mang

发明人： Michael A. Mang

IPC分类号： G06T1530

CPC分类号： G06T15/30

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining attributes of an object-element using barycentric coordinates includes processing that begins by obtaining a barycentric coordinate for a vertex of an object-element. The object-element is clipped with respect to a clipping plane where a first component of the barycentric coordinate corresponds to a first original vertex of the object-element, a second component of the barycentric coordinate corresponds to a second original vertex of the object-element and a third component of the barycentric coordinate corresponds to a third vertex of the object-element. The processing continues by, for each non-zero component of the barycentric coordinate, determining whether at least one attribute of the corresponding vertex of the non-component is substantially similar. The processing continues by setting the at least one corresponding attribute of the vertex to substantially equal the attribute for the other vertex when the at least one attribute is substantially similar.

摘要翻译： 用于使用重心坐标确定对象元素的属性的方法和装置包括通过获得对象元素的顶点的重心坐标而开始的处理。 对象元素相对于裁剪平面被裁剪，其中重心坐标的第一分量对应于对象元素的第一原始顶点，重心坐标的第二分量对应于对象元素的第二原始顶点 并且重心坐标的第三分量对应于对象元素的第三顶点。 对于重心坐标的每个非零分量，处理继续确定非分量的相应顶点的至少一个属性是否基本相似。 当至少一个属性基本相似时，通过将顶点的至少一个对应属性设置为基本上等于另一个顶点的属性来继续该处理。

公开(公告)号：US06459438B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-01

申请号：US09496731

申请日：2000-02-02

申请人： Michael A. Mang

发明人： Michael A. Mang

IPC分类号： G06T1530

CPC分类号： G06T15/30

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining a clipping distance of vertices of object-element with respect to a clipping plane include processing that begins by obtaining a clipping distance for each original vertex of an object-element with respect to the clipping plane. The processing then continues by obtaining a barycentric coordinate of the vertex of the object-element that represents of an intersection of an edge of the object-element with a previously processed clipping plane. The processing then continues by deriving a clipping distance from the vertex to the clipping plane based on the barycentric coordinate of the vertex and the clipping distance for each of the original vertices.

摘要翻译： 用于确定对象元素相对于裁剪平面的顶点的剪切距离的方法和装置包括通过相对于裁剪平面获得对象元素的每个原始顶点的剪切距离而开始的处理。 然后通过获得表示对象元素的边缘与先前处理的剪切平面的交点的对象元素的顶点的重心坐标继续进行处理。 然后通过基于顶点的重心坐标和每个原始顶点的剪切距离导出从顶点到剪切平面的剪切距离来继续处理。