公开(公告)号：US4667159A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US743114

申请日：1985-06-10

申请人： Raymond J. Hodsoll, Jr. ,  Steven G. Karr ,  William M. Leue ,  Lowell S. Smith ,  Rowland W. Redington ,  Paul A. Bottomley ,  William A. Edelstein

发明人： Raymond J. Hodsoll, Jr. ,  Steven G. Karr ,  William M. Leue ,  Lowell S. Smith ,  Rowland W. Redington ,  Paul A. Bottomley ,  William A. Edelstein

IPC分类号： G01R33/565 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/565

摘要： Power line interference artifacts in a magnetic resonance image are minimized by the process of: providing a sequential plurality of imaging signal sequences, the totality of which sequences is required for determining the value of each image pixel in an image array thereof; requesting the start of each sequence of the plurality of imaging signal sequences prior to the actual time at which each such signal sequence should commence; preparing a recognition element prior to the desired actual commencement time; recognizing a predetermined occurrence of a repetitive power line signal parameter to provide a first signal; setting the recognition element responsive to the first signal to only then cause the signal sequence start request to actually cause commencement of the associated signal sequence; and causing each signal sequence to occur in essentially an integral number of sequential repetitive cycles of the power line signal waveform to minimize the magnitude of power line frequency signal interference artifacts in the resulting magnetic resonance image.

摘要翻译： 通过以下处理使磁共振图像中的电力线干涉伪影最小化：提供顺序多个成像信号序列，确定其图像阵列中每个图像像素的值所需的序列的总和; 在每个这样的信号序列应该开始的实际时间之前请求开始多个成像信号序列的每个序列; 在所需的实际开始时间之前准备识别元素; 识别重复电力线信号参数的预定出现以提供第一信号; 设置响应于第一信号的识别元件，仅使信号序列开始请求实际上引起相关信号序列的开始; 并且使得每个信号序列在电力线信号波形的基本上整数个顺序的重复周期中发生，以使得到的磁共振图像中的电力线频率信号干扰伪影的大小最小化。

公开(公告)号：US4689563A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-25

申请号：US743125

申请日：1985-06-10

申请人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Howard R. Hart, Jr. ,  John F. Schenck ,  Rowland W. Redington ,  William M. Leue

发明人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Howard R. Hart, Jr. ,  John F. Schenck ,  Rowland W. Redington ,  William M. Leue

IPC分类号： G01R33/36 ,  G01R33/38 ,  G01R33/485 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/381 ,  G01R33/3607 ,  G01R33/485 ,  G01R33/3815

摘要： A magnetic resonance system for both imaging and spectroscopy of a sample of non-magnetic material (such as a portion of the human anatomy and the like) at one static magnetic field magnitude in excess of 0.7 Tesla (T), utilizes a superconducting magnet having a room-temperature bore of diameter sufficiently large to place therein not only the desired sample but also a set of gradient magnetic field-producing coils and at least one radio-frequency coil for exciting and/or receiving response signals from the sample to be examined. The entire magnetic system has suitably-small temporal and positional field variations to allow imaging to be accomplished at the resonant frequencies of nuclei including .sup.1 H, .sup.13 C, .sup.19 F, .sup.23 Na and .sup.31 P. The system includes a novel interface subsystem, itself including a novel gradient signal switching circuit, for acquiring imaging data in relatively short time intervals.

摘要翻译： 在超过0.7特斯拉（T）的一个静态磁场强度下，用于非磁性材料样品（例如人体解剖结构等的一部分）的成像和光谱学的磁共振系统利用具有 直径足够大的室温孔，不仅放置所需的样品，而且还设置一组梯度磁场产生线圈和至少一个用于激发和/或接收来自待检样品的响应信号的射频线圈 。 整个磁系统具有适当小的时间和位置场变化，以允许在包括1H，13C，19F，23Na和31P的核的共振频率下实现成像。 该系统包括一个新颖的接口子系统，本身包括一个新颖的梯度信号切换电路，用于以较短的时间间隔采集成像数据。

公开(公告)号：US20080243218A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-02

申请号：US12047602

申请日：2008-03-13

申请人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein

发明人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein

IPC分类号： A61N1/00 ,  G01R33/28

CPC分类号： A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/086 ,  A61N1/3718 ,  Y10T29/49117

摘要： RF/MRI compatible leads include at least one conductor that turns back on itself at least twice in a lengthwise direction, and can turn back on itself at least twice at multiple locations along its length. The at least one electrical lead can be configured so that the lead heats local tissue less than about 10 degrees Celsius (typically about 5 degrees Celsius or less) or does not heat local tissue when a patient is exposed to target RF frequencies at a peak input SAR of at least about 4 W/kg and/or a whole body average SAR of at least about 2 W/kg. Related devices and methods of fabricating leads are also described.

摘要翻译： RF / MRI兼容的引线包括至少一个导体，其沿​​长度方向至少翻转两次，并且可以在其长度的多个位置处至少翻转两次。 至少一个电引线可以被配置成使得引线将局部组织加热到小于约10摄氏度（通常约5摄氏度或更低），或者当患者暴露于峰值输入处的目标RF频率时不加热局部组织 至少约4W / kg的SAR和/或至少约2W / kg的全身平均SAR。 还描述了制造引线的相关器件和方法。

公开(公告)号：US4506223A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-19

申请号：US443797

申请日：1982-11-22

申请人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  William A. Edelstein

发明人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  William A. Edelstein

IPC分类号： A61B10/00 ,  A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/485 ,  G01R33/08

CPC分类号： G01R33/485

摘要： Selective excitation is used to excite to resonance nuclear spins located in a predetermined region of an NMR sample. Variable amplitude gradients are then used to phase encode spatial information into the NMR signal produced by the excited nuclear spins. Fourier transformation of the NMR signal, observed in the absence of magnetic field gradients, yields information of the spatial distribution of chemical shifts in the predetermined region of the NMR sample. In NMR chemical shift imaging methods using multiple angle projection reconstruction techniques, projections are built up along a gradient point-by-point by use of selective RF pulses having variable frequency content. Non-selective 180.degree. RF pulses are used with the imaging methods to produce NMR spin echo signals.

摘要翻译： 选择性激发用于激发位于NMR样品的预定区域中的共振核自旋。 然后使用可变幅度梯度将空间信息相位编码成由激发的核自旋产生的NMR信号。 在没有磁场梯度的情况下观察到的NMR信号的傅里叶变换产生NMR样品的预定区域中化学位移的空间分布的信息。 在使用多角度投影重建技术的NMR化学位移成像方法中，通过使用具有可变频率含量的选择性RF脉冲，逐点地逐渐建立投影。 使用非选择性180°RF脉冲与成像方法产生NMR自旋回波信号。

公开(公告)号：US4471306A

公开(公告)日：1984-09-11

申请号：US345444

申请日：1982-02-03

申请人： William A. Edelstein ,  Paul A. Bottomley

发明人： William A. Edelstein ,  Paul A. Bottomley

IPC分类号： A61B10/00 ,  A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/385 ,  G01R33/565 ,  G01R33/08

CPC分类号： G01R33/56563

摘要： The T.sub.2 * effects due to inherent inhomogeneities in the static magnetic field are overcome by the use of a 180.degree. RF pulse to produce a nuclear spin echo suitable for obtaining spatial information and by the adjustment of the pulsed gradients such that the occurrence of the spin echo due to the applied gradients coincides with the occurrence of the nuclear spin echo derived from the rephasing of spins in the presence of the inhomogeneities inherent in the main static magnetic field. The 180.degree. RF pulse is applied with the imaging gradients turned off so that long RF pulse lengths can be used, thus reducing RF power requirements. Exemplary applications of the pulse method to multiple angle projection reconstruction and two-dimensional Fourier transform (spin warp imaging) imaging techniques are also described.

摘要翻译： 通过使用180°RF脉冲产生适合于获得空间信息的核自旋回波和通过调节脉冲梯度使得自旋的发生来克服静电磁场中固有的不均匀性引起的T2 *效应 由于施加的梯度引起的回波与在主静态磁场中固有的不均匀性存在的情况下自旋的重新定位产生的核自旋回波的发生一致。 180°RF脉冲施加成像梯度关闭，以便可以使用长的RF脉冲长度，从而降低RF功率要求。 还描述了脉冲方法对多角度投影重建和二维傅立叶变换（自旋扭转成像）成像技术的示例性应用。

公开(公告)号：US20080262584A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-23

申请号：US12047832

申请日：2008-03-13

申请人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Peter Piferi ,  Brian Gore ,  J. Michael Shifflette

发明人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Peter Piferi ,  Brian Gore ,  J. Michael Shifflette

IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  H01B7/06 ,  G01N3/20

CPC分类号： A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/0488 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/086 ,  B29C33/126 ,  B29L2031/753 ,  G01N3/32 ,  Y10T29/49071

摘要： MRI/RF compatible leads include at least one conductor, a respective conductor having at least one segment with a multi-layer stacked coil configuration. The lead can be configured so that the lead heats local tissue less than about 10 degrees Celsius (typically about 5 degrees Celsius or less) or does not heat local tissue when a patient is exposed to target RF frequencies at a peak input SAR of at least about 4 W/kg and/or a whole body average SAR of at least about 2 W/kg. Related leads and methods of fabricating leads are also described.

摘要翻译： MRI / RF兼容引线包括至少一个导体，具有至少一个具有多层堆叠线圈配置的段的相应导体。 引线可以被配置为使得铅在局部组织中加热小于约10摄氏度（通常约5摄氏度或更低），或者当患者暴露于至少峰值输入SAR的目标RF频率时不加热局部组织 约4W / kg和/或全身平均SAR至少约2W / kg。 还描述了制造引线的相关引线和方法。

公开(公告)号：US09492651B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-15

申请号：US12047602

申请日：2008-03-13

申请人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein

发明人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein

IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/37 ,  A61N1/08

CPC分类号： A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/086 ,  A61N1/3718 ,  Y10T29/49117

摘要： RF/MRI compatible leads include at least one conductor that turns back on itself at least twice in a lengthwise direction, and can turn back on itself at least twice at multiple locations along its length. The at least one electrical lead can be configured so that the lead heats local tissue less than about 10 degrees Celsius (typically about 5 degrees Celsius or less) or does not heat local tissue when a patient is exposed to target RF frequencies at a peak input SAR of at least about 4 W/kg and/or a whole body average SAR of at least about 2W/kg. Related devices and methods of fabricating leads are also described.

摘要翻译： RF / MRI兼容的引线包括至少一个导体，其沿​​长度方向至少翻转两次，并且可以在其长度的多个位置处至少翻转两次。 至少一个电引线可以被配置成使得引线将局部组织加热到小于约10摄氏度（通常约5摄氏度或更低），或者当患者暴露于峰值输入处的目标RF频率时不加热局部组织 SAR至少约4W / kg和/或全身平均SAR至少约2W / kg。 还描述了制造引线的相关器件和方法。

公开(公告)号：US09248270B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-02

申请号：US12047832

申请日：2008-03-13

申请人： Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Paul A. Bottomley ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Peter Piferi ,  Brian Gore

发明人： Parag V. Karmarkar ,  Paul A. Bottomley ,  Justin M. Allen ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Peter Piferi ,  Brian Gore

IPC分类号： A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/04 ,  B29C33/12 ,  G01N3/32 ,  A61N1/08 ,  B29L31/00

CPC分类号： A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/0488 ,  A61N1/05 ,  A61N1/086 ,  B29C33/126 ,  B29L2031/753 ,  G01N3/32 ,  Y10T29/49071

摘要： MRI/RF compatible leads include at least one conductor, a respective conductor having at least one segment with a multi-layer stacked coil configuration. The lead can be configured so that the lead heats local tissue less than about 10 degrees Celsius (typically about 5 degrees Celsius or less) or does not heat local tissue when a patient is exposed to target RF frequencies at a peak input SAR of at least about 4 W/kg and/or a whole body average SAR of at least about 2 W/kg. Related leads and methods of fabricating leads are also described.

摘要翻译： MRI / RF兼容引线包括至少一个导体，具有至少一个具有多层堆叠线圈配置的段的相应导体。 引线可以被配置为使得铅在局部组织中加热小于约10摄氏度（通常约5摄氏度或更低），或者当患者暴露于至少峰值输入SAR的目标RF频率时不加热局部组织 约4W / kg和/或全身平均SAR至少约2W / kg。 还描述了制造引线的相关引线和方法。

公开(公告)号：US4881032A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-14

申请号：US260633

申请日：1988-10-21

申请人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Peter B. Roemer ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Otward M. Mueller

发明人： Paul A. Bottomley ,  Peter B. Roemer ,  William A. Edelstein ,  Otward M. Mueller

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/36 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/485

CPC分类号： G01R33/485 ,  G01R33/3628

摘要： A method for NMR spectroscopy metabolite imaging utilizes the steps of: applying to a desired portion of a sample a pulsed phase-encoding linear magnetic gradient signal in at least one of the three orthogonal dimensions of a Cartesian coordinate set, prior to acquisition of free-induction-decay NMR response signals from the sample portion; substantially eliminating from at least the sample portion eddy current fields induced responsive to the phase-encoding gradient pulses; maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio of the NMR response signals; and displaying the data resulting from Fourier transformation of the received response data. A high-field NMR imaging system is provided with self-shielded gradient coils, to subsantially remove eddy-current effects, and at least one of maximized-SNR antenna, of quadrature-driven volume RF coil and/or surface RF coil types are utilized for both transmission of the excitation RF pulses and reception of the RF response signals. The acquired FID data is filtered and a Fourier transform reconstruction, of dimension d' equal to one greater than the numder d of spatial dimensions to be displayed, is performed.

公开(公告)号：US4443760A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-17

申请号：US394073

申请日：1982-07-01

申请人： William A. Edelstein ,  Paul A. Bottomley

发明人： William A. Edelstein ,  Paul A. Bottomley

IPC分类号： A61B10/00 ,  A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/54 ,  G01R33/565 ,  G01R33/08

CPC分类号： G01R33/54 ,  G01R33/565

摘要： The effects of a spurious free induction decay (FID) NMR signal due to imperfect 180.degree. RF pulses are eliminated by phase alternating the selective 90.degree. RF pulses and subtracting alternate ones of the NMR signals. The desired signals due to the 90.degree. RF pulses reinforce, while the signals produced by the imperfect 180.degree. pulses cancel. This method also has the beneficial effect of eliminating DC offset in the desired signal which, when present, causes artifacts in NMR images. Another method to eliminate the effects of spurious FID signals due to imperfect 180.degree. pulses is to phase alternate these 180.degree. pulses on successive NMR imaging pulse sequences and add successive NMR signals. In this case, the phase shifted spurious FID signals cancel, while the desired NMR signals reinforce. The latter method does not eliminate the effects of DC offset, however.

摘要翻译： 由于不完美的180°RF脉冲造成的无杂散感应衰减（FID）NMR信号的影响通过选择性90°RF脉冲交替选择90°RF脉冲并减去其中的NMR信号来消除。 由90°RF脉冲引起的期望信号加强，而由不完美180°脉冲产生的信号消除。 该方法还具有消除所需信号中的DC偏移的有益效果，其在存在时会导致NMR图像中的伪影。 消除由于不完美的180°脉冲造成的寄生FID信号影响的另一种方法是将相邻的NMR成像脉冲序列相互交替180°脉冲，并添加连续的NMR信号。 在这种情况下，相移的寄生FID信号被消除，而期望的NMR信号被加强。 然而，后一种方法不能消除DC偏移的影响。