公开(公告)号：US20060176114A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-10

申请号：US11054968

申请日：2005-02-10

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Jonathan Gordon

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Jonathan Gordon

IPC分类号： H03F3/217

CPC分类号： H03F3/2176 ,  H03F2200/03

摘要： A Class-E load circuit topology suitable for switching mode Power Amplifiers (PAs). The inventive load includes a shunt inductive element coupled to an output of said amplifier; a series inductive element coupled to said output of said amplifier; and a series capacitive element coupled to said series inductive element. In the illustrative embodiment, the inventive load is operable at frequencies in the range of 8-10 GHz and the shunt inductive element is an inductive bias line for said amplifier. The invention enables an advantageous Class-E amplifier design comprising an input matching network; an active device coupled to the input matching network and a load coupled to the active device and implemented in accordance with the present teachings. Also disclosed is a method for designing a load for use with a Class-E amplifier including the steps of: providing a lumped equivalent circuit representation of the load; optimizing the lumped equivalent circuit representation of the load to achieve near ideal current and voltage operational characteristics over a predetermined frequency range using a time domain simulation; transforming the optimized lumped equivalent circuit representation of the load to a distributed circuit representation; and optimizing the distributed circuit representation of the load to achieve near ideal current and voltage operational characteristics over a predetermined frequency range using a time domain simulation.

摘要翻译： 适用于开关模式功率放大器（PA）的Class-E负载电路拓扑。 本发明的负载包括耦合到所述放大器的输出的并联电感元件; 耦合到所述放大器的所述输出的串联电感元件; 以及耦合到所述串联电感元件的串联电容元件。 在说明性实施例中，本发明的负载可在8-10GHz范围内的频率下操作，并且分流电感元件是用于所述放大器的感应偏置线。 本发明实现了包括输入匹配网络的有利的E类放大器设计; 耦合到输入匹配网络的有源器件和耦合到有源器件并根据本教导实现的负载。 还公开了一种用于设计与E类放大器一起使用的负载的方法，包括以下步骤：提供负载的集总等效电路表示; 使用时域仿真优化负载的集总等效电路表示以在预定频率范围内实现接近理想的电流和电压操作特性; 将优化的集总等效电路表示的负载转换为分布式电路表示; 并且利用时域仿真优化负载的分布式电路表示以在预定频率范围内实现接近理想的电流和电压操作特性。

公开(公告)号：US08154402B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-10

申请号：US12403318

申请日：2009-03-12

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Richard D. Young ,  Nick J. Rosik ,  Mark E. Stading ,  Shaun L. Champion ,  Ives H. Philip ,  Tho X. Nguyen

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Richard D. Young ,  Nick J. Rosik ,  Mark E. Stading ,  Shaun L. Champion ,  Ives H. Philip ,  Tho X. Nguyen

IPC分类号： G08B1/08

CPC分类号： G01D21/00 ,  G01K1/024 ,  G01K1/026

摘要： A wireless temperature sensor network includes a base station unit which transmits query signals cyclically addressing a plurality of temperature sensor transponder units. The transponder units are passive and derive operating power from the query signal to encode measured temperature data into a reply signal which is received by the base station. In a dual carrier embodiment, the query signal and reply signals are transmitted on separate frequencies. In a backscattering embodiment, the antennas of the transponder units can be switched between an absorption mode in which the query signal is received and a reflection mode in which the query signal is reflected back to the base station. The transponder antennas are switched in such a manner as to encode temperature data in the reflected signal to form a reply signal. The network embodiments are particularly applicable to space based platforms.

摘要翻译： 无线温度传感器网络包括基站单元，该基站单元循环寻址多个温度传感器转发器单元的查询信号。 应答器单元是被动的，并且从查询信号获得操作功率，以将测量的温度数据编码成由基站接收的应答信号。 在双载波实施例中，查询信号和应答信号在不同频率上发送。 在后向散射实施例中，应答器单元的天线可以在其中接收到查询信号的吸收模式和其中将查询信号反映回基站的反射模式之间切换。 转发器天线以对反射信号中的温度数据进行编码以形成应答信号的方式进行切换。 网络实施例特别适用于基于空间的平台。

公开(公告)号：US06891446B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-10

申请号：US10425263

申请日：2003-04-29

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Kenneth A. Essenwanger

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Kenneth A. Essenwanger

IPC分类号： H01P5/10 ,  H01P5/08

CPC分类号： H01P5/10

摘要： A compact broadband balun (20). The balun (20) includes a waveguide transition (38) between one or more input ports (34, 54, 56) and one or more output ports (34, 54, 56) of the balun (20). A mechanism (36, 44), which depends on the tapered transition (38), provides a good match, while a resistor (44) provides isolation between input ports (34, 54, 56) and the output ports (34, 54, 56). In a specific embodiment, the balun (20) includes a first waveguide (34). One end of the first waveguide represents a first port of the balun (20). The balun (20) further includes a second wave guide (40, 42). Opposite ends (54, 56) of the second waveguide (40, 42) represent second (54) and third (56) ports. The waveguide transition (38) occurs between the first waveguide (34) and the second waveguide (40, 42). The waveguide transition (38, 44) is designed to provide a frequency-independent anti-phase response in response to an input signal provided at an input port (34). In alternative embodiment, microstrip waveguides are employed, and port inversion is achieved via a slotline inverter strategically positioned in the groundplane of the balun.

摘要翻译： 紧凑型宽带平衡不平衡变压器（20）。 平衡不平衡转换器（20）包括在一个或多个输入端口（34,54,56）和平衡 - 不平衡变换器（20）的一个或多个输出端口（34,54,56）之间的波导过渡（38）。 取决于锥形过渡（38）的机构（36,44）提供良好的匹配，而电阻器（44）提供输入端口（34,54,56）和输出端口（34,54,56）之间的隔离， 56）。 在具体实施例中，平衡 - 不平衡变换器（20）包括第一波导（34）。 第一波导的一端代表平衡不平衡变换器（20）的第一端口。 平衡不平衡转换器（20）还包括第二波导（40,42）。 第二波导（40,42）的相对端（54,56）表示第二（54）和第三（56）端口。 波导过渡（38）发生在第一波导（34）和第二波导（40,42）之间。 波导转换（38,44）被设计成响应于在输入端口（34）处提供的输入信号来提供与频率无关的反相响应。 在替代实施例中，使用微带波导，并且通过策略地定位在平衡 - 不平衡变换器的接地面中的槽线反相器实现端口反转。

公开(公告)号：US09316723B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-19

申请号：US13479792

申请日：2012-05-24

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Walter B. Schulte, Jr. ,  James A. Carr ,  Jar J. Lee

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Walter B. Schulte, Jr. ,  James A. Carr ,  Jar J. Lee

IPC分类号： H01Q1/50 ,  H01Q13/00 ,  H01Q9/16 ,  G01S7/03 ,  H01Q1/44 ,  H04B1/04

CPC分类号： G01S7/032 ,  G01S7/034 ,  H01Q1/44 ,  H04B1/0458

摘要： An integrated differential high power amplifier-radiator array that overcomes the prior art impedance match issues is described. An impedance matching balun is used to feed a high output impedance, differential HPA, which in turn drives a wide band radiator or array of radiators having a matching input impedance to provide a highly efficient, compact transmit system. In one exemplary embodiment, the HPA may be a high impedance Class-B HPA configured as a push-pull cascode amplifier. A high impedance isolator or circulator may be used between the HPA and the radiator. One of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that a receive implementation, using a properly matched low noise amplifier in place of the HPA, is also possible. Similarly, with the addition of a slotline circulator, transceiver operation is also attainable with the addition of an impedance matched receive chain.

摘要翻译： 描述了克服现有技术的阻抗匹配问题的集成差分大功率放大器 - 散热器阵列。 阻抗匹配平衡不平衡变换器用于馈送高输出阻抗差分HPA，差分HPA又驱动具有匹配输入阻抗的宽带辐射器或散热器阵列，以提供高效，紧凑的发射系统。 在一个示例性实施例中，HPA可以是被配置为推挽式共源共栅放大器的高阻抗Class-B HPA。 可以在HPA和散热器之间使用高阻抗隔离器或循环器。 本领域普通技术人员将容易理解，使用适当匹配的低噪声放大器代替HPA的接收实现也是可能的。 类似地，通过添加槽式循环器，也可以通过添加阻抗匹配的接收链来实现收发器操作。

公开(公告)号：US20070058309A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-15

申请号：US11225423

申请日：2005-09-13

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Mary Teshiba

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Mary Teshiba

IPC分类号： H02H9/00

CPC分类号： H01P1/15 ,  Y10S438/933

摘要： A switching circuit. The novel switching circuit includes an active device and a first circuit for providing a reactive inductive load in shunt with the active device. In an illustrative embodiment, the first circuit is implemented using a transmission line coupled between an output of the active device and ground, in parallel with the device, to minimize the parasitic effects of the device drain to source capacitance. In a preferred embodiment, the active device includes a silicon-germanium NFET optimized for operation at high frequencies (e.g. up to 20 GHz). The optimization process includes coupling a compact, low-parasitic polysilicon resistor to a gate of the NFET to provide gate RF isolation, and designing the gate manifold, drain manifold, and drain to source spacing of the NFET for optimal high frequency operation.

摘要翻译： 开关电路。 新颖的开关电路包括有源器件和用于提供与有源器件分流的无功电感负载的第一电路。 在说明性实施例中，使用耦合在有源器件的输出和与器件并联的地之间的传输线来实现第一电路，以最小化器件漏极与源电容的寄生效应。 在优选实施例中，有源器件包括优化用于在高频（例如高达20GHz）下操作的硅 - 锗NFET。 优化过程包括将紧凑的低寄生多晶硅电阻器耦合到NFET的栅极以提供栅极RF隔离，以及设计NFET的栅极歧管，漏极歧管和漏极到源极间隔，以获得最佳的高频运行。

公开(公告)号：US07345539B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-18

申请号：US11054968

申请日：2005-02-10

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Jonathan D. Gordon

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Jonathan D. Gordon

IPC分类号： H03F1/04

CPC分类号： H03F3/2176 ,  H03F2200/03

摘要： A Class-E load circuit topology suitable for switching mode Power Amplifiers (PAs). The inventive load includes a shunt inductive element coupled to an output of said amplifier; a series inductive element coupled to said output of said amplifier; and a series capacitive element coupled to said series inductive element. In the illustrative embodiment, the inventive load is operable at frequencies in the range of 8-10 GHz and the shunt inductive element is an inductive bias line for said amplifier. The invention enables an advantageous Class-E amplifier design comprising an input matching network; an active device coupled to the input matching network and a load coupled to the active device and implemented in accordance with the present teachings. Also disclosed is a method for designing a load for use with a Class-E amplifier including the steps of: providing a lumped equivalent circuit representation of the load; optimizing the lumped equivalent circuit representation of the load to achieve near ideal current and voltage operational characteristics over a predetermined frequency range using a time domain simulation; transforming the optimized lumped equivalent circuit representation of the load to a distributed circuit representation; and optimizing the distributed circuit representation of the load to achieve near ideal current and voltage operational characteristics over a predetermined frequency range using a time domain simulation.

摘要翻译： 适用于开关模式功率放大器（PA）的Class-E负载电路拓扑。 本发明的负载包括耦合到所述放大器的输出的并联电感元件; 耦合到所述放大器的所述输出的串联电感元件; 以及耦合到所述串联电感元件的串联电容元件。 在说明性实施例中，本发明的负载可在8-10GHz范围内的频率下操作，并且分流电感元件是用于所述放大器的感应偏置线。 本发明实现了包括输入匹配网络的有利的E类放大器设计; 耦合到输入匹配网络的有源器件和耦合到有源器件并根据本教导实现的负载。 还公开了一种用于设计与E类放大器一起使用的负载的方法，包括以下步骤：提供负载的集总等效电路表示; 使用时域仿真优化负载的集总等效电路表示以在预定频率范围内实现接近理想的电流和电压操作特性; 将优化的集总等效电路表示的负载转换为分布式电路表示; 并且利用时域仿真优化负载的分布式电路表示以在预定频率范围内实现接近理想的电流和电压操作特性。

公开(公告)号：US20050224845A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-13

申请号：US10822409

申请日：2004-04-12

申请人： Reza Tayrani

发明人： Reza Tayrani

IPC分类号： H01P1/12 ,  H01P1/15 ,  H01P1/213 ,  H05K1/02 ,  H03H7/38

CPC分类号： H05K1/0219 ,  H01P1/127 ,  H01P1/2135 ,  H05K2201/0715 ,  H05K2201/09618 ,  H05K2201/09845

摘要： A miniaturized microwave circuit. The novel circuit includes a first substrate, a first ground plate disposed on a bottom surface of the first substrate, a second substrate attached to a top surface of the first substrate and adapted to cover a portion of the first substrate, a second ground plate disposed on a top surface of the second substrate, a pattern of metallization disposed between the first and second substrates to form a stripline circuit, one or more ground paths disposed on the top surface of the first substrate and including a plurality of vias connected to the first ground plate, and one or more openings cut into the second substrate and second ground plate, wherein each opening follows and is aligned over a portion of a ground path and is filled in with conducting material, such that the second ground plate is connected to the first ground plate.

摘要翻译： 微型微波电路。 该新颖电路包括第一基板，设置在第一基板底面上的第一接地板，附接到第一基板的顶表面并适于覆盖第一基板的一部分的第二基板，设置在第二基板上的第二接地板 在所述第二基板的顶表面上，设置在所述第一和第二基板之间以形成带状线电路的金属化图案，设置在所述第一基板的顶表面上的一个或多个接地路径，并且包括连接到所述第一基板的多个通孔 接地板和切割到第二基板和第二接地板中的一个或多个开口，其中每个开口跟随并在接地路径的一部分上对齐并且被导电材料填充，使得第二接地板连接到 第一接地板。

公开(公告)号：US20100231382A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-16

申请号：US12403318

申请日：2009-03-12

申请人： Reza Tayrani ,  Richard D. Young ,  Nick J. Rosik ,  Mark E. Stading ,  Shaun L. Champion ,  Ives H. Philip ,  Tho X. Nguyen

发明人： Reza Tayrani ,  Richard D. Young ,  Nick J. Rosik ,  Mark E. Stading ,  Shaun L. Champion ,  Ives H. Philip ,  Tho X. Nguyen

IPC分类号： G08B1/08

CPC分类号： G01D21/00 ,  G01K1/024 ,  G01K1/026

摘要： A wireless temperature sensor network includes a base station unit which transmits query signals cyclically addressing a plurality of temperature sensor transponder units. The transponder units are passive and derive operating power from the query signal to encode measured temperature data into a reply signal which is received by the base station. In a dual carrier embodiment, the query signal and reply signals are transmitted on separate frequencies. In a backscattering embodiment, the antennas of the transponder units can be switched between an absorption mode in which the query signal is received and a reflection mode in which the query signal is reflected back to the base station. The transponder antennas are switched in such a manner as to encode temperature data in the reflected signal to form a reply signal. The network embodiments are particularly applicable to space based platforms.

摘要翻译： 无线温度传感器网络包括基站单元，该基站单元循环寻址多个温度传感器转发器单元的查询信号。 应答器单元是被动的，并且从查询信号获得操作功率，以将测量的温度数据编码成由基站接收的应答信号。 在双载波实施例中，查询信号和应答信号在不同频率上发送。 在后向散射实施例中，应答器单元的天线可以在其中接收到查询信号的吸收模式和其中将查询信号反映回基站的反射模式之间切换。 转发器天线以对反射信号中的温度数据进行编码以形成应答信号的方式进行切换。 网络实施例特别适用于基于空间的平台。

公开(公告)号：US20070008034A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-11

申请号：US11178113

申请日：2005-07-06

申请人： Reza Tayrani

发明人： Reza Tayrani

IPC分类号： H03F3/217

CPC分类号： H03F3/191 ,  H03F3/2176 ,  H03F2200/391

摘要： A load circuit for use with a switching mode circuit. The novel load circuit includes a series inductive-capacitive network coupled to an output of the switching mode circuit and a circuit for providing a capacitance coupled to the output of the switching mode circuit. In an illustrative embodiment, the circuit for providing capacitance includes one or more lumped capacitors adapted to compensate for an intrinsic capacitance in the switching mode circuit. The load circuit may also include a shunt inductance coupled to the output of the switching mode circuit. In an illustrative embodiment, the load circuit is adapted to provide a Class-E load to a two-stage Class-E high power amplifier. The amplifier includes a driver stage, a novel Class-E inter-stage matching network (ISMN), and a high power stage using the novel load circuit.

公开(公告)号：US20050194960A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US10792959

申请日：2004-03-04

申请人： Reza Tayrani

发明人： Reza Tayrani

IPC分类号： H03D9/06 ,  H03D13/00 ,  H03L7/20 ,  B23D63/00 ,  G01R25/00 ,  H03D3/00 ,  H04L27/14

CPC分类号： H03L7/20

摘要： A phase detector and method of phase detection. The detector includes a substrate; an impulse generator fabricated on the substrate; and a sampling circuit operationally coupled to the generator and disposed on the substrate. In the best mode, the impulse generator and the sampling circuit are fabricated on the substrate using grounded slotline technology and coplanar waveguide technology. In more specific embodiments, the generator is a slotline impulse generator with a step recovery diode. In this embodiment, the impulse generator further includes a coplanar waveguide to slotline transition at an input port thereof and a slotline to coplanar waveguide at an output port thereof. In addition, in the illustrative embodiment, the sampling circuit further includes a slotline hybrid T junction. In accordance with the present teachings, the junction is an ultra-wideband grounded slotline hybrid T junction. The sampling circuit further includes a phase bridge coupled to the hybrid T junction and a grounded slotline coupled delay. In the specific embodiment, the sampling circuit also includes a broadband transition from coplanar waveguide to coupled slotline.

摘要翻译： 相位检测器和相位检测方法。 检测器包括基板; 在衬底上制造的脉冲发生器; 以及可操作地耦合到发生器并且设置在基板上的采样电路。 在最佳模式下，脉冲发生器和采样电路采用接地槽线技术和共面波导技术在衬底上制作。 在更具体的实施例中，发生器是具有阶跃恢复二极管的槽线脉冲发生器。 在该实施例中，脉冲发生器还包括在其输入端口处的共面波导到槽缝转换，以及在其输出端口处的共面波导的槽线。 此外，在说明性实施例中，采样电路还包括槽线混合T接头。 根据本教导，结是超宽带接地槽线混合T结。 采样电路还包括耦合到混合T结的相桥和接地的时隙线耦合延迟。 在具体实施例中，采样电路还包括从共面波导到耦合槽线的宽带转变。