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1.发明授权Systems, methods and apparatus for adaptive cancellation of induced row noise in X-ray detector 有权用于X射线探测器中感应行噪声自适应消除的系统，方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07408168B1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US11738440
申请日：2007-04-20
IPC分类号： G01T25/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/29
摘要： Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which in some embodiments the line time of an X-Ray detector is dynamically selected so as to nullify an aliased interference signal. The frequency of a noise signal generated by a source external to the digital X-ray detector is determined and, based on the determined frequency, the line time of the digital X-ray is adjusted so as to compensate for the interfering noise. The frequency of the noise can be directly determined from an electromagnetic interference (EMI) sensor or derived through analysis of the power spectrum of the noise signal.
摘要翻译： 提供了系统，方法和装置，在一些实施例中，动态地选择X射线检测器的线路时间，以便消除混叠的干扰信号。 确定由数字X射线检测器外部的源产生的噪声信号的频率，并且基于确定的频率来调整数字X射线的行时间以补偿干扰噪声。 噪声的频率可以直接由电磁干扰（EMI）传感器确定，或通过分析噪声信号的功率谱得出。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for identifying and correcting line artifacts in a solid state X-ray detector 有权用于识别和校正固态X射线检测器中的线假象的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06623161B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-23
申请号：US09682386
申请日：2001-08-28
IPC分类号： G01D1800
CPC分类号： G01N23/04 , A61B6/5258
摘要： A method is provided for identifying detector elements in a solid state X-ray detector susceptible to causing line artifacts due to faulty detector elements that leak charge. A portion of the X-ray detector is covered by a radiation occluding material and the detector is exposed to a level of radiation sufficient to reach a predetermined threshold in the exposed portion of the detector. An image representative of the radiation is acquired and further analyzed to determine whether line artifacts exist. Data lines found to exhibit line artifacts are stored in the image processor.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于识别固体X射线检测器中的检测器元件的方法，其易于由于泄漏电荷的检测器元件故障而导致线路伪影。 X射线检测器的一部分由辐射阻塞材料覆盖，并且检测器暴露于足以在检测器的暴露部分中达到预定阈值的辐射水平。 获取代表辐射的图像并进一步分析以确定是否存在线条伪影。 被发现呈现线条伪影的数据线被存储在图像处理器中。
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公开(公告)号：US06521886B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09751978
申请日：2000-12-29
IPC分类号： G12B1300
CPC分类号： G01T1/2928 , A61B6/583
摘要： Automated measurement of changes in detective quantum efficiency (DQE) within an x-ray detector. The calculation of relative DQE changes is limited to the measurement of two quantities, namely MTF(f) and NPS(f). The measurement of MTF is obtained using an image quality phantom technique. The measurement of NPS includes the use of a flat field phantom, and data can be obtained during system calibration. Detector degradation and potential field replacement, are determined by monitoring the ratio of DQE as a function of time.
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公开(公告)号：US06663281B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US09682591
申请日：2001-09-25
IPC分类号： G01D1800
CPC分类号： H04N5/2178 , G09G2320/0693 , G09G2330/08 , G09G2330/10 , H04N5/32
摘要： An x-ray system (14) including a source of x-rays (15) and a detector (22) monitors the detector with a control (36) that calibrates the detector during a calibration phase of operation and powers the detector during use phases of operation occurring at different times. A processor (28, 36) reads the data created by the pixel elements, analyzes the data and identifies pixel elements corresponding to data indicating defective pixel elements during the calibration phase of operation and during a predetermined portion of a plurality of the use phases of operation.
摘要翻译： 包括X射线源（15）和检测器（22）的X射线系统（14）利用控制器（36）对检测器进行监视，该控制器在校准操作阶段期间对检测器进行校准，并在使用阶段为检测器供电 的操作发生在不同的时间。 处理器（28,36）读取由像素元素创建的数据，分析数据并且在操作的校准阶段期间和在多个使用操作阶段的预定部分期间识别与指示缺陷像素元素的数据相对应的像素元素 。
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公开(公告)号：US06393097B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-21
申请号：US09747864
申请日：2000-12-22
IPC分类号： G01T120
CPC分类号： H04N5/325 , G01T1/1644 , G01T1/2018 , H04N5/32
摘要： A method for minimizing motion artifacts in Dual Energy Subtraction digital radiographic imaging applications by minimizing the time lapse between the two x-ray exposure frames. This is accomplished by acquiring the two x-ray exposure frames relatively consecutively without a corresponding offset frame reading in-between the two x-ray frame exposures. Preferably, the offset frames are acquired following the x-ray exposure frames with a corresponding timing sequence which is correlated to the x-ray frame exposure and reading sequence. The method includes the steps of exposing a radiographic detector at a first energy level for a time period t1; reading the radiographic detector to obtain a first exposure reading; exposing the radiographic detector at a second energy level for a time period t2; reading the radiographic detector to obtain a second exposure reading; after a time period equal to t1, reading the radiographic detector to obtain an offset reading; and subtracting the offset reading from the first and second exposure readings.
摘要翻译： 一种通过最小化两个X射线曝光帧之间的时间间隔来最小化双能量减影数字放射照相成像应用中的运动伪影的方法。 这通过相对连续地获取两个X射线曝光帧而在两个x射线帧曝光之间没有相应的偏移帧读取来实现。 优选地，在具有与x射线帧曝光和读取序列相关的相应定时序列的x射线曝光帧之后获取偏移帧。 该方法包括以下步骤：在第一能级暴露一时间段t1的射线检测器; 读取放射线检测器以获得第一曝光读数; 将放射线检测器在第二能级暴露一段时间t2; 读取放射线检测器以获得第二曝光读数; 在等于t1的时间之后，读取放射线检测器以获得偏移读数; 并从第一和第二曝光读数减去偏移读数。
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公开(公告)号：US06661456B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-09
申请号：US09303190
申请日：1999-04-30
IPC分类号： H04N964
CPC分类号： H04N5/367 , A61B6/583 , H04N5/32 , H04N17/002
摘要： A method and apparatus for displaying an image generated by at least one detector of an imaging unit are disclosed herein. The method includes creating a pixel map identifying locations of bad pixels in an array of pixels in the image detected by the at least one detector, linking the pixel map to the image, and providing for selective display of the pixel map. Bad pixels behave from a group including pixels which do not respond electrically and pixels which are statistically different from surrounding pixels in the array of pixels. The apparatus includes an imaging unit for generating x-rays which pass through a body of interest, at least one detector unit for detecting the x-rays, and a processing unit for identifying bad pixels within the detected image.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于显示由成像单元的至少一个检测器产生的图像的方法和装置。 该方法包括：创建标识由至少一个检测器检测到的图像中的像素阵列中的不良像素的位置的像素图，将像素图连接到图像，以及提供像素图的选择性显示。 坏像素的行为包括不反应电路的像素和与像素阵列中的周围像素有统计学差异的像素。 该装置包括用于产生通过感兴趣的身体的X射线的成像单元，用于检测x射线的至少一个检测器单元，以及用于识别检测到的图像内的不良像素的处理单元。
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7.发明授权Sampling methods and systems that shorten readout time and reduce lag in amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detectors 失效采样方法和系统缩短了非晶硅平板x射线探测器的读出时间并减少滞后公开(公告)号：US07005663B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10646107
申请日：2003-08-22
CPC分类号： G01T1/2928
摘要： Sampling methods and systems that shorten readout time and reduce lag in amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detectors are described. Embodiments comprise: (a) activating a reset switch to discharge any residual signal being held in a feedback capacitor; (b) deactivating the reset switch; (c) activating a field effect transistor; (d) sampling an electrical signal from the amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detector, while the field effect transistor is activated; (e) activating a reset switch, after the electrical signal has been sampled and while the field effect transistor is still activated, to discharge any residual signal being held in the feedback capacitor; (f) deactivating the field effect transistor, while the reset switch is still activated; (g) deactivating the reset switch; and (h) repeating steps (c)–(g) as necessary to obtain a predetermined radiographic image.
摘要翻译： 描述了缩短非晶硅平板X射线检测器的读出时间和减少滞后的采样方法和系统。 实施例包括：（a）激活复位开关以放电保持在反馈电容器中的任何残留信号; （b）禁用复位开关; （c）激活场效应晶体管; （d）在场效应晶体管被激活的同时，从非晶硅平板x射线检测器取样电信号; （e）在电信号被采样之后并且当场效应晶体管仍被激活时激活复位开关，以放电保持在反馈电容器中的任何残留信号; （f）当复位开关仍然被激活时，去激活场效应晶体管; （g）停用复位开关; 和（h）根据需要重复步骤（c） - （g）以获得预定的放射照相图像。
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8.发明申请Sampling methods and systems that shorten readout time and reduce lag in amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detectors 失效采样方法和系统缩短了非晶硅平板x射线探测器的读出时间并减少滞后公开(公告)号：US20050040352A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-24
申请号：US10646107
申请日：2003-08-22
CPC分类号： G01T1/2928
摘要： Sampling methods and systems that shorten readout time and reduce lag in amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detectors are described. Embodiments comprise: (a) activating a reset switch to discharge any residual signal being held in a feedback capacitor; (b) deactivating the reset switch; (c) activating a field effect transistor; (d) sampling an electrical signal from the amorphous silicon flat panel x-ray detector, while the field effect transistor is activated; (e) activating a reset switch, after the electrical signal has been sampled and while the field effect transistor is still activated, to discharge any residual signal being held in the feedback capacitor; (f) deactivating the field effect transistor, while the reset switch is still activated; (g) deactivating the reset switch; and (h) repeating steps (c)-(g) as necessary to obtain a predetermined radiographic image.
摘要翻译： 描述了缩短非晶硅平板X射线检测器的读出时间和减少滞后的采样方法和系统。 实施例包括：（a）激活复位开关以放电保持在反馈电容器中的任何残留信号; （b）禁用复位开关; （c）激活场效应晶体管; （d）在场效应晶体管被激活的同时，从非晶硅平板x射线检测器取样电信号; （e）在电信号被采样之后并且当场效应晶体管仍被激活时激活复位开关，以放电保持在反馈电容器中的任何残留信号; （f）当复位开关仍然被激活时，去激活场效应晶体管; （g）停用复位开关; 和（h）根据需要重复步骤（c） - （g）以获得预定的放射照相图像。
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公开(公告)号：US06256372B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US09268788
申请日：1999-03-16
IPC分类号： A61B602
CPC分类号： A61B6/548 , A61B6/022 , A61B6/4464 , A61B6/4476 , A61B6/581 , G01N23/04 , H04N13/194 , H04N13/207 , H04N13/221 , H04N13/239 , H04N13/254 , H04N13/296 , H04N13/305 , H04N13/31 , H04N13/334 , H04N13/341 , H04N13/398 , H04N2013/0081
摘要： A digital radiographic imaging system is described which includes an automatic X-ray exposure sequence during which two consecutive images of a target are obtained from two views separated by a translation of the X-ray emitter, wherein such translation is oriented generally parallel to the plane of the X-ray detector. The two images acquired by the digital X-ray detector may then be combined using stereo reconstruction to generate a three-dimensional image of the interior of the target. The three-dimensional combination of images allows for better radiographic definition of clinical objects of interest, thereby increasing a radiologist's ability to detect and distinguish between normal and pathological structures.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种数字放射线照相成像系统，其包括自动X射线曝光序列，在该自动X射线曝光序列期间，从通过X射线发射器的平移分开的两个视图获得目标的两个连续图像，其中这种平移方向大致平行于平面 的X射线检测器。 然后可以使用立体重建来组合由数字X射线检测器采集的两个图像，以产生目标内部的三维图像。 图像的三维组合允许对感兴趣的临床物体的更好的射线照相定义，从而增加放射科医师检测和区分正常和病理结构的能力。
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公开(公告)号：US06175658B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09113653
申请日：1998-07-10
IPC分类号： G06K940
CPC分类号： G06T5/003 , G06T5/50 , G06T2207/10116 , G06T2207/20016 , G06T2207/20192 , G06T2207/30004
摘要： A discrete pixel image is enhanced to bring out particular features of interest such as edges. The enhancement includes decomposition of the original processed image data, enhancement by application of gain images to the decomposed images, and reconstruction of the enhanced image. The decomposition proceeds through a series of low-pass filters to arrive at decomposed images of progressively lower spatial frequencies. These decomposed images are then multiplied by gain images during the enhancement phase. Gain images for at least the higher spatial frequency level images are derived from lower spatial frequency level images. These spatial frequency-based gain images may be based upon operator inputs, including a spatial sensitivity function and an edge enhancement value. Lower spatial frequency level images may be processed by application of predetermined gain values. The reconstruction sequence recombines the decomposed images after application of the gains to arrive at an enhanced image of the same dimensions as the original image.
摘要翻译： 离散像素图像被增强以产生诸如边缘的特定的感兴趣的特征。 该增强包括原始处理的图像数据的分解，通过对分解的图像应用增益图像的增强以及增强图像的重建。 分解通过一系列低通滤波器进行，以得到逐渐降低的空间频率的分解图像。 然后在增强阶段将这些分解图像乘以增益图像。 至少较高的空间频率水平图像的增益图像从较低的空间频率水平图像导出。 这些基于空间频率的增益图像可以基于操作者输入，包括空间灵敏度函数和边缘增强值。 可以通过应用预定增益值来处理较低空间频率电平图像。 重建序列在施加增益之后重组分解的图像，以获得与原始图像相同尺寸的增强图像。
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