摘要:
A method of forming an optical channel waveguide includes forming on a substrate a waveguide layer of silica doped with an index of refraction raising dopant whose concentration profile in a first dimension includes a higher concentration region and an adjacent lower concentration region; and heating the waveguide layer along two spaced areas defined in the second and third dimension which define a path between them for diffusing the dopant along the first dimension from the higher concentration region to the lower concentration region to reduce the index of refraction of the higher concentration region in portions of the higher concentration region proximate the spaced areas and create a waveguide along the path.
摘要:
A method of forming an optical waveguide which includes the steps of forming on a substrate a waveguide layer including at least one host medium and one dopant medium, one of which is more volatile than the other; and heating the waveguide layer to selectively volatize the more volatile medium along a path, raising the index of refraction and creating a waveguide along the path.
摘要:
A method of forming an optical channel waveguide by gettering includes forming on a substrate a porous waveguide layer containing an index of refraction raising dopant in a compound; sealing a portion of the waveguide layer along a path; and reacting the component, including the index of refraction raising dopant, with a reactant in the unsealed portion of the waveguide layer to form a volatile product from the reactant and dopant to deplete the dopant in the unsealed portion of the waveguide layer and reduce its index of refraction relative to that in the path to produce a channel waveguide along the path.
摘要:
An optical fiber includes a multimode primary core having an index or refraction N.sub.1 and doped with a material providing optical gain; the cladding surrounding the core having an index of refraction N.sub.2 ; and a secondary core doped with an absorbent material for providing optical loss in unwanted modes.
摘要:
A fiber optic laser includes a fiber optic element, and a Bragg grating means in the fiber optic element and defined by a periodic variation in the index of refraction of the element to enhance the narrow band response of the laser and/or increase the loss of unwanted frequencies. A method of making the fiber laser is also disclosed.
摘要:
Apparatus for coupling radiation into a single-mode core of an optical fiber laser has a single-mode core disposed within a relatively large, multimode cladding at a location which is displaced from the center of the cross-section of the cladding. The cladding is surrounded by a further layer to prevent radiation from propagating out of the cladding. In addition, the apparatus preferably has slight bends to enhance the coupling of radiation from the cladding into the single-mode core. A further embodiment has a single-mode fiber laser disposed in a relatively large, multimode, slab cladding which, in turn, is surrounded by another cladding to prevent radiation from propagating out of the large cladding.
摘要:
A micromechanical sensor is fabricated on a semiconductor wafer, and a control circuit is fabricated on another semiconductor wafer. A cavity is etched on the back side of the control circuit wafer, the cavity being formed such that the sensor on the other wafer fits within the cavity when the wafers are brought together in an adjoining relationship. Through-holes are etched through the back side of the control circuit wafer to allow access to electrical contact points, and a patterned layer of metal is deposited to form electrical interconnections between the electrical contact points and termination points on the back side of the wafer via the through-holes. The termination points are arranged such that electrical contacts of the sensor contact the termination points when the wafers are placed in the adjoining relationship. The wafers are then cleaned and bonded together in the adjoining relationship. In a typical process the wafers contain multiple sensors and control circuits, respectively, and thus the bonded wafers are diced to yield individual bonded sensor-circuit pairs. The bonded pairs are then packaged in an integrated-circuit package such as a leadless chip carrier in a known manner.
摘要:
A chemical vapor deposition method which utilizes a rare earth chelate vapor as a source of rare earth ions for producing an optical fiber having a core with a high rare earth content.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an apparatus may include an optical fiber that may have a surface non-normal to a longitudinal axis of a distal end portion of the optical fiber. The surface may define a portion of an interface configured to redirect electromagnetic radiation propagated from within the optical fiber and incident on the interface to a direction offset from the longitudinal axis. The apparatus may also include a doped silica cap that may be fused to the optical fiber such that the surface of the optical fiber may be disposed within a cavity defined by the doped silica cap.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an apparatus may include an optical fiber that may have a surface non-normal to a longitudinal axis of a distal end portion of the optical fiber. The surface may define a portion of an interface configured to redirect electromagnetic radiation propagated from within the optical fiber and incident on the interface to a direction offset from the longitudinal axis. The apparatus may also include a doped silica cap that may be fused to the optical fiber such that the surface of the optical fiber may be disposed within a cavity defined by the doped silica cap.