摘要:
A micromechanical sensor is fabricated on a semiconductor wafer, and a control circuit is fabricated on another semiconductor wafer. A cavity is etched on the back side of the control circuit wafer, the cavity being formed such that the sensor on the other wafer fits within the cavity when the wafers are brought together in an adjoining relationship. Through-holes are etched through the back side of the control circuit wafer to allow access to electrical contact points, and a patterned layer of metal is deposited to form electrical interconnections between the electrical contact points and termination points on the back side of the wafer via the through-holes. The termination points are arranged such that electrical contacts of the sensor contact the termination points when the wafers are placed in the adjoining relationship. The wafers are then cleaned and bonded together in the adjoining relationship. In a typical process the wafers contain multiple sensors and control circuits, respectively, and thus the bonded wafers are diced to yield individual bonded sensor-circuit pairs. The bonded pairs are then packaged in an integrated-circuit package such as a leadless chip carrier in a known manner.
摘要:
A method of forming an optical channel waveguide includes forming on a substrate a waveguide layer of silica doped with an index of refraction raising dopant whose concentration profile in a first dimension includes a higher concentration region and an adjacent lower concentration region; and heating the waveguide layer along two spaced areas defined in the second and third dimension which define a path between them for diffusing the dopant along the first dimension from the higher concentration region to the lower concentration region to reduce the index of refraction of the higher concentration region in portions of the higher concentration region proximate the spaced areas and create a waveguide along the path.
摘要:
A fiber optic laser includes a fiber optic element, and a Bragg grating means in the fiber optic element and defined by a periodic variation in the index of refraction of the element to enhance the narrow band response of the laser and/or increase the loss of unwanted frequencies. A method of making the fiber laser is also disclosed.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an apparatus includes an optical fiber made of a silica-based material. A proximal end portion of the optical fiber has an outer-layer portion. The proximal end portion can be included in at least a portion of a launch connector configured to receive electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus also includes a component that has a bore therethrough and can be made of a doped silica material. The bore can have an inner-layer portion heat-fused to the outer-layer portion of the optical fiber. The component can also have an index of refraction lower than an index of refraction associated with the outer-layer portion of the optical fiber.
摘要:
An optical fiber includes a multimode primary core having an index or refraction N.sub.1 and doped with a material providing optical gain; the cladding surrounding the core having an index of refraction N.sub.2 ; and a secondary core doped with an absorbent material for providing optical loss in unwanted modes.
摘要:
A chemical vapor deposition method which utilizes a rare earth chelate vapor as a source of rare earth ions for producing an optical fiber having a core with a high rare earth content.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an apparatus may include an optical fiber that may have a surface non-normal to a longitudinal axis of a distal end portion of the optical fiber. The surface may define a portion of an interface configured to redirect electromagnetic radiation propagated from within the optical fiber and incident on the interface to a direction offset from the longitudinal axis. The apparatus may also include a doped silica cap that may be fused to the optical fiber such that the surface of the optical fiber may be disposed within a cavity defined by the doped silica cap.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an apparatus may include an optical fiber that may have a surface non-normal to a longitudinal axis of a distal end portion of the optical fiber. The surface may define a portion of an interface configured to redirect electromagnetic radiation propagated from within the optical fiber and incident on the interface to a direction offset from the longitudinal axis. The apparatus may also include a doped silica cap that may be fused to the optical fiber such that the surface of the optical fiber may be disposed within a cavity defined by the doped silica cap.
摘要:
A method for fabricating optical fibers having a rare-earth doped core and a fused silica cladding includes inserting a rare-earth doped soft glass rod into a fused silica tube, the ratio of the outer diameter (OD) to the inner diameter (ID) of the fused silica tube being at least 2 and as large as 50; heating the rod and tube combination in a furnace to selectively volatilize volatile constituents of the soft glass rod which are responsible for the low softening point so that the final composition of the core consists predominantly of SiO.sub.2 and the desired dopants such as rare earths, alkaline earths or other low vapor pressure materials; and drawing the perform into an optical fiber.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an apparatus may include an optical fiber that may have a surface non-normal to a longitudinal axis of a distal end portion of the optical fiber. The surface may define a portion of an interface configured to redirect electromagnetic radiation propagated from within the optical fiber and incident on the interface to a direction offset from the longitudinal axis. The apparatus may also include a doped silica cap that may be fused to the optical fiber such that the surface of the optical fiber may be disposed within a cavity defined by the doped silica cap.