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公开(公告)号：US5473156A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-05
申请号：US225377
申请日：1994-04-08
CPC分类号： G01D5/268
摘要： An optical displacement sensor comprises first and second optical fibers which transmit light to and receive light reflected from first and second fixed reflectors. A third optical fiber transmits light to and receives light reflected from a moving reflector on the end of a core which moves in response to the displacement to be measured. The intensities of the light reflected to the fibers allows the displacement to be determined with immunity from variations such as in transmissivity and refractive index of a medium between the fibers and the reflectors.
摘要翻译： 光学位移传感器包括第一和第二光纤，其将光透射并接收从第一和第二固定反射器反射的光。 第三光纤将光反射到被测量的位移而移动的光的一端移动的反射器上的光和光， 反射到纤维的光的强度允许通过纤维和反射体之间的介质的透射率和折射率等变化的抗扰度来确定位移。
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公开(公告)号：US4995480A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-26
申请号：US491098
申请日：1990-03-09
CPC分类号： B60T17/22 , F16D65/09 , F16D66/00 , F16D2055/0008 , F16D2066/005
摘要： A vehicle brake has a fixed backplate carrying a pair of friction elements and an actuator operable to urge the elements into braking engagement with a rotary braking surface. An abutment for the elements has a portion which is deflectable by load on the elements arising from braking torque. A radiation input device directs radiation at a surface of the deflectable portion and a device is provided to sense radiation after its impingement on the portion and to transmit the sensed radiation to a device producing a responsive electrical output representing deflections of the portion.
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5369583A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US12997
申请日：1993-02-03
申请人： Roger J. Hazelden
发明人： Roger J. Hazelden
摘要： A torque sensor, or a relative angular movement sensor, comprises an LED light source mounted in a fixed position relative to a housing which shines light through an associated fixed collimator plate, the light being detected by a pair of detectors also mounted fixed relative to the housing. Two masks pass between the source and the detector, one of the masks being fixed to an input shaft of the steering system and the other being connected to the output shaft. Each of the masks has a first and second aperture, and the amount of light which is received by detectors depends upon the degree of overlap between associated pairs of apertures in the input and output masks. Signals from each of the detectors is fed to a control microprocessor which provides a signal indicative of differential torque between the input and output shafts. This signal is substantially independent of the intensity of the light source which allows it to compensate for ageing effects in the light source. The signal also shows a positive value for turning of the input shaft in one direction and a negative value for turning the input shaft in the opposite direction. The torque sensor can be used to obtain the torque, relative change of steering angle, and steering angle itself, which can all be passed to a vehicle ride or braking control system.
摘要翻译： 转矩传感器或相对角运动传感器包括安装在相对于壳体的固定位置的LED光源，该壳体通过相关联的固定准直仪板照射光，该光被一对检测器检测，该检测器也相对于 住房。 两个掩模在源和检测器之间通过，一个掩模固定到转向系统的输入轴，另一个连接到输出轴。 每个掩模具有第一和第二孔径，并且由检测器接收的光量取决于输入和输出掩模中相关联的孔对之间的重叠程度。 来自每个检测器的信号被馈送到控制微处理器，其提供指示输入和输出轴之间的差动转矩的信号。 该信号基本上与光源的强度无关，其允许其补偿光源中的老化效应。 该信号还显示输入轴在一个方向上的转动的正值和用于使输入轴沿相反方向转动的负值。 扭矩传感器可用于获得扭矩，转向角度的相对变化和转向角度本身，这些都可以传递到车辆行驶或制动控制系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4919099A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US167694
申请日：1988-03-14
申请人： Philip Extance , Roger J. Hazelden , David Nutton
发明人： Philip Extance , Roger J. Hazelden , David Nutton
CPC分类号： F02D35/022 , F02D41/1462 , G01L23/16 , G01M15/10 , G01M15/108 , F02B1/04 , F02D35/028
摘要： A method of monitoring combustion within a cylinder of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine comprising deriving first and second electrical signals representative of light intensity within the cylinder by means of first and second optical transducers of spaced spectral response, said first and second optical transducers observing the combustion event at a common location, or at closely adjacent locations, and, establishing a signal representing the ratio of said first and second electrical signals, said ratio signal being used as, or to obtain, a control parameter for an engine control system. The invention also resides in apparatus for monitoring combustion in accordance with the above method.
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公开(公告)号：US4774494A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US888075
申请日：1986-07-22
申请人： Philip Extance , Roger J. Hazelden
发明人： Philip Extance , Roger J. Hazelden
摘要： An incremental position encoder comprising a first member arranged for movement with a second member the movement of which is to be monitored, a plurality of light transmissive or reflective elements of three distinct colors, said elements being arranged in a row on said first member, and the elements being arranged in the row in a repeating sequence of said three colors, a light source directing light to said elements and a color sensitive light detector for receiving light transmitted by, or reflected from said elements, said color sensitive detector being arranged to produce, at any given instant, one of three distinct outputs dependant upon the color of the three available, of the element which is at that instant transmitting or reflecting light from the source to the detector.
摘要翻译： 一种增量式位置编码器，包括：第一构件，被布置成与待移动的第二构件移动，第二构件的运动被监视;多个透明或三种不同颜色的反射元件，所述元件在所述第一构件上排成一列;以及 所述元件以所述三种颜色的重复序列排列在行中，光源将光引导到所述元件，以及用于接收由所述元件透射或反射的光的感光光检测器，所述颜色敏感检测器被布置成产生 在任何给定的时刻，三个不同的输出中的一个取决于三个可用的元件的颜色，该瞬间将该光从源传输或反射到检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US5636137A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US289345
申请日：1994-08-11
申请人： Roger J. Hazelden
发明人： Roger J. Hazelden
CPC分类号： G01L5/221 , G01L25/003 , G01L3/12
摘要： An improved torque sensor, or relative angular movement sensor, comprises an input member, an output member, LED light sources, a pair of photodetector units adapted to receive light from the LED light sources, and signal processing means, in which said signal processing means is adapted to receive output signals from the photodetector units, the output signals of the photodetector units being dependent upon the light signals which they receive, and the signal processing means being adapted to process the output signals from the photodetector units so as to produce a modified output signal indicative of the relative angular displacement between, or torque applied between, the input and output member. The improvement comprises the provision of diagnostic means which continuously monitors a sum signal, .SIGMA., which comprises the sum of the output signals from the photodetector units, and which detects any variation in the sum signal due to failure of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 改进的扭矩传感器或相对角运动传感器包括输入构件，输出构件，LED光源，适于接收来自LED光源的光的一对光检测器单元和信号处理装置，其中所述信号处理装置 适于接收来自光检测器单元的输出信号，光电检测器单元的输出信号取决于它们接收的光信号，并且信号处理装置适于处理来自光电检测器单元的输出信号，以产生经修改的 输出信号，其指示在输入和输出构件之间施加的相对角位移或扭矩。 该改进包括提供连续地监视和信号SIGMA的诊断装置，SIGMA包括来自光电检测器单元的输出信号的总和，并且检测由于传感器故障导致的和信号的任何变化。
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公开(公告)号：US5531127A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US289195
申请日：1994-08-11
申请人： Roger J. Hazelden
发明人： Roger J. Hazelden
摘要： An improved torque sensor, or relative angular movement sensor, comprises an input member, an output member, LED light sources, a pair of photodetector units adapted to receive light from the LED light sources, and a signal processor, in which said signal processor is adapted to receive output signals from the photodetector units, the output signals of the photodetector units being dependent upon the light signals which they receive, and the signal processor being adapted to process the output signals from the photodetector units so as to produce a modified output signal indicative of the relative angular displacement between, or torque applied between, the input and output member, wherein the improvement lies in the arrangement of photodetectors which comprise the photodetector units. The photodetectors are arranged in such a way that any phase shift which may exist between the signals from the two photodetector units is cancelled out when the modified torque output signal is produced, in order to remove any `ripple` in this signal.
摘要翻译： 改进的扭矩传感器或相对角运动传感器包括输入构件，输出构件，LED光源，适于接收来自LED光源的光的一对光电检测器单元，以及信号处理器，其中所述信号处理器 适于接收来自光检测器单元的输出信号，光电检测器单元的输出信号取决于它们接收到的光信号，信号处理器适于处理来自光检测器单元的输出信号，以便产生经修改的输出信号 表示在输入和输出构件之间施加的相对角位移或扭矩，其中改进在于包括光电检测器单元的光电检测器的布置。 光电检测器被布置成使得当产生改变的扭矩输出信号时，来自两个光电检测器单元的信号之间可能存在的任何相移被消除，以便消除该信号中的任何“纹波”。
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