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1.发明授权Integrated production of fuel gas and oxygenated organic compounds from synthesis gas 失效从合成气中综合生产燃气和含氧有机化合物
公开(公告)号：US5392594A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-28
申请号：US12092
申请日：1993-02-01
IPC分类号： C07C27/06 , C07C29/151 , C07C41/01 , C01B17/05
CPC分类号： C07C29/1516 , C07C27/06 , C07C41/01
摘要： An oxygenated organic liquid product and a fuel gas are produced from a portion of synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and sulfur-containing compounds in a integrated feed treatment and catalytic reaction system. To prevent catalyst poisoning, the sulfur-containing compounds in the reactor feed are absorbed in a liquid comprising the reactor product, and the resulting sulfur-containing liquid is regenerated by stripping with untreated synthesis gas from the reactor. Stripping offgas is combined with the remaining synthesis gas to provide a fuel gas product. A portion of the regenerated liquid is used as makeup to the absorber and the remainder is withdrawn as a liquid product. The method is particularly useful for integration with a combined cycle coal gasification system utilizing a gas turbine for electric power generation.
摘要翻译： 在一体化进料处理和催化反应系统中，由包含氢气，一氧化碳，二氧化碳和含硫化合物的合成气的一部分产生氧化有机液体产物和燃料气体。 为了防止催化剂中毒，反应器进料中的含硫化合物被吸收在包含反应器产物的液体中，所得到的含硫液体通过用反应器中未处理的合成气汽提而被再生。 汽提废气与剩余的合成气组合以提供燃料气体产物。 再生液体的一部分用作吸收剂的组成，其余部分作为液体产物取出。 该方法对于与利用燃气轮机进行发电的联合循环煤气化系统的集成特别有用。
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公开(公告)号：US5502243A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-26
申请号：US308018
申请日：1994-09-16
申请人： Francis J. Waller , David W. Studer
发明人： Francis J. Waller , David W. Studer
IPC分类号： C07B61/00 , C07C27/00 , C07C27/06 , C07C29/151 , C07C31/04 , C07C41/01 , C07C51/10 , C07C51/12 , C07C51/16 , C07C51/54 , C07C51/56 , C07C53/08 , C07C53/12 , C07C55/02 , C07C67/293 , C07C67/37 , C07C69/14 , C07C69/16 , C07C67/36
CPC分类号： C07C67/37 , C07C27/06 , C07C29/1516 , C07C41/01 , C07C51/12 , C07C51/56 , C07C67/293 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Oxygenated acetyl compounds ethylidene diacetate, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acetaldehyde, and methyl acetate are produced directly from synthesis gas and dimethyl ether in a catalyzed liquid phase reaction system. The inclusion of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas in selected amounts increases the overall yield of oxygenated acetyl compounds from the reactant dimethyl ether. When methanol is included in the reactor feed, the addition of carbon dioxide significantly improves the molar selectivity to ethylidene diacetate.
摘要翻译： 在催化液相反应体系中，直接由合成气和二甲醚生产氧化乙酰化合物亚乙基二乙酸酯，乙酸，乙酸酐，乙醛和乙酸甲酯。 合成气中二氧化碳以选择的量包含增加氧化乙酰化合物从反应物二甲醚的总产率。 当反应器进料中包含甲醇时，加入二氧化碳显着提高了对乙二乙酸酯的摩尔选择性。
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公开(公告)号：US5284878A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US49238
申请日：1993-04-16
IPC分类号： C07C29/152 , C07C29/151 , C07C31/04 , C07L27/06
CPC分类号： C07C29/1516 , Y02E20/16
摘要： Methanol is produced by reacting a CO-rich synthesis gas in the presence of a powdered methanol synthesis catalyst suspended in an inert liquid in a liquid phase reactor system. Unreacted CO-rich synthesis gas is recycled to the reactor, thus increasing methanol production and reducing specific power compared with once-through operation without recycle or compared with recycle of hydrogen-rich gas recovered from unreacted synthesis gas. The process preferably is integrated with a coal gasification electric power generation system in which a portion of the unreacted synthesis gas is used as power generation fuel and a portion of the methanol product is used as additional power generation fuel during periods of peak power demand.
摘要翻译： 在悬浮在液相反应器系统中的惰性液体中的粉末状甲醇合成催化剂存在下，使富CO合成气反应生成甲醇。 将未反应的富CO合成气再循环到反应器中，从而与没有再循环的一次通过操作相比较，与未反应的合成气回收的富氢气体的再循环相比，增加甲醇生产和降低比功率。 该方法优选与煤气化发电系统集成，其中一部分未反应的合成气用作发电燃料，一部分甲醇产物在峰值功率需求期间用作额外的发电燃料。
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公开(公告)号：US5179129A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-12
申请号：US664178
申请日：1991-03-01
申请人： David W. Studer
发明人： David W. Studer
IPC分类号： B01J23/80 , C07B61/00 , C07C29/151 , C07C29/152 , C07C31/04
CPC分类号： C07C29/1516 , C07C29/1518 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Methanol is produced from synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in a two-stage liquid phase reactor system. Each reactor is operated in an optimum temperature range to maximize methanol productivity, and once-through product conversion of up to 9.1 moles methanol per 100 moles of synthesis gas can be achieved with reasonable catalyst utilization. Overall catalyst utilization is increased by countercurrent catalyst transfer. In an alternate mode of operation, the liquid phase reactor system is integrated with a coal gasification combined cycle (CGCC) power generation process wherein the unreacted synthesis gas is used as fuel in a gas turbine-driven electric power generator. Operation of each liquid phase reactor in the optimum temperature range maximizes the available heat of reaction which is recovered as steam; the steam is utilized in the gas turbine combustor or the CGCC steam turbine. Methanol from the liquid phase reactor system can be used as peak shaving fuel for the gas turbine.
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公开(公告)号：US4981111A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-01
申请号：US442032
申请日：1989-11-28
CPC分类号： B01J8/388 , F23C10/10 , F23C2206/101
摘要： A circulating fluidized bed combustion reactor and a process for combusting a solid hydrocarbon fuel in the same wherein fly ash recycling is utilized to regulate heat transfer and to minimize erosion of reactor operating components. The process comprises introducing a solid hydrocarbon fuel and an oxygen-containing gas into a combustion zone which is surrounded by a plurality of adjoining cooling tubes containing a circulating fluid; combusting the fuel in the presence of the oxygen-containing gas within a predetermined temperature range thereby forming hot exhaust gases containing solid particles; discharging the hot exhaust gases containing the solid particles from the combustion zone and cooling the exhaust gases by indirect heat exchange against the cooling tubes; separating the resultant cooled solid particles into at least a first portion which is recycled into the combustion zone and a second portion having an average particle size smaller than the first portion; separating the second portion into a gas stream substantially free of particles and a concentrated stream of particles; recycling the concentrated stream of particles into the combustion zone at a rate sufficient to maintain the predetermined temperature range within the combustion zone and exhausting the gas stream which is substantially free of solid particles.
摘要翻译： 循环流化床燃烧反应器和用于燃烧其中的固体烃燃料的方法，其中使用飞灰回收来调节热传递并最小化反应器操作部件的侵蚀。 该方法包括将固体烃燃料和含氧气体引入燃烧区，所述燃烧区被包含循环流体的多个邻接的冷却管包围; 在含氧气体的存在下在预定的温度范围内燃烧燃料，从而形成含有固体颗粒的热废气; 从燃烧区排出含有固体颗粒的热废气，并通过与冷却管的间接热交换冷却废气; 将所得到的冷却固体颗粒分离成至少第一部分，该第一部分再循环到燃烧区中，第二部分的平均粒度小于第一部分; 将第二部分分离成基本上不含颗粒的气流和浓缩的颗粒流; 将浓缩的颗粒流以足以将预定温度范围保持在燃烧区内并排出基本上不含固体颗粒的气流的速率将浓缩的颗粒流再循环到燃烧区中。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4659351A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US823709
申请日：1986-01-29
CPC分类号： F25J1/0007 , F25J1/0015 , F25J1/0037 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0202 , F25J1/0208 , F25J1/0237 , F25J3/061 , F25J3/066 , F25J3/069 , F25J3/08 , F25J2205/40 , F25J2205/60 , F25J2215/04 , F25J2215/30 , F25J2220/02 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2260/20
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for the purification and liquefaction of helium from a feed stream consisting essentially of nitrogen and helium with some minor impurities, wherein the helium is purified in a two step process: the first purification step comprising refrigerating the feed stream to condense nitrogen and any impurities from the feed stream, feeding the cooled feed stream to a separator, and removing from the bottom of the separator the condensed nitrogen and impurities in the feed stream and from the top of the separator a gaseous, high-helium-content stream; the second purification step comprising warming the gaseous, high-helium-content stream from the first purification step, feeding said stream to a pressure swing adsorber, and removing from the pressure swing adsorber an essentially pure helium stream, which is liquefied by feeding said essentially pure helium stream to a liquefier; wherein refrigeration is provided for the warm end of the liquefier and the two step purification; the improvement comprising providing said refrigeration by compressing a side stream of the essentially pure helium in a compressor and expanding said compressed stream in an expansion engine thereby producing a cold helium gas stream; splitting said cold helium stream into two substreams and circulating said cold helium gas stream to the warm end of the liquefier and to the two step purification to provide refrigeration duty.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种从基本上由氮和氦组成的进料流中纯化和液化氦的方法，所述进料流具有一些较小的杂质，其中氦气以两步法纯化：第一纯化步骤包括将进料流 从进料流中冷凝氮气和任何杂质，将冷却的进料流送入分离器，并从分离器的底部除去进料流中的冷凝氮和杂质以及从分离器顶部的气态高氦 内容流 所述第二净化步骤包括从所述第一纯化步骤升温所述气态高氦含量物流，将所述物流送入变压吸附器，以及从所述变压吸附器除去基本上纯的氦气流，所述氦气流通过基本上 纯氦气流到液化器; 其中为液化器的温端和两步纯化提供制冷; 改进包括通过压缩压缩机中基本上纯的氦气的侧流来提供所述制冷，并且在膨胀发动机中膨胀所述压缩流，从而产生冷氦气流; 将所述冷氦气流分成两个子流，并将所述冷氦气流循环到液化器的温热端，并进行两步纯化以提供制冷功能。
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