摘要:
An apparatus and method for forming or repairing a wellbore casing, a pipeline, or a structural support. An expandable tubular member is radially expanded and plastically deformed by an expansion cone that is displaced by hydraulic pressure. Before or after the radial expansion of the expandable tubular member, a sliding sleeve valve within the apparatus permit a hardenable fluidic sealing material to be injected into an annulus between the expandable tubular member and a preexisting structure.
摘要:
The present combined multi-modal apparatus involves: (a) apparatus for cooling, by means of a refrigerant circulating within coils disposed in a tank a negative heat energy storage material during a first time period; (b) associated apparatus for utilizing that stored negative heat energy during a second time period; and (c) most particularly, a tank by-pass structure for directly connecting a condensing unit and an evaporating unit during a third time period, such as for example when supplemental cooling is required. Specifically, the tank by-pass structure avoids circulation during the third time period of the refrigerant within the conduits or coils disposed within the negative heat energy storage material contained within the tank. Thus, during this third time period, heat is not imparted to the negative heat energy storage material by the circulating refrigerant, the cooled or frozen negative heat energy storage material is not heated or melted by circulating refrigerant, and thus does not have to be recooled or refrozen subsequently for re-storage of energy therewithin for later use in cooling during peak hours (i.e., during the second time period). During a fourth time period, the cooling of both of second and third time periods is carried out simultaneously. Yet further, a heat pump may be operatively connected hereto for providing heat during a heating time period.
摘要:
A vapor compression air conditioning (cooling and heating) system adapted for operation to reduce the consumption of electric power during peak periods of demand for power is characterized by three refrigerant circuits. A refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, outdoor heat exchanger and first indoor heat exchanger for selectively cooling or heating an indoor air space and a second refrigerant circuit comprises the compressor, outdoor heat exchanger and a thermal energy storage unit characterized by a tank having a thermal energy storage medium disposed therein and a heat exchanger coil in communication with the compressor and outdoor heat exchanger for cooling the thermal energy storage medium. A third refrigerant circuit includes the thermal energy storage heat exchanger coil, a refrigerant pump and another indoor heat exchanger in communication with the fluid (e.g., indoor air) to be cooled or heated. Plural isolation valves in the first and second refrigerant circuits, reversing valves in communication with the compressor and pump and a heater in the storage tank provide for operating the system in plural cooling and heating modes to provide cooling and heating with reduced power consumption during peak electrical power demand periods.
摘要:
Refrigerant management control is provided for an air conditioning system (10) with cool thermal energy storage. The system includes a compressor (18), a condensing unit (12), a temporary refrigerant storage vessel (28), a storage module (14) containing a thermal energy storage medium (35), a liquid refrigerant pump (42) associated with the storage module, expansion means (62) and an evaporator (16) operatively interconnected. The system is operable in a shift cooling mode, direct cooling mode, and storage medium cooling mode. Before the system is operable in the shift cooling mode, the system is operated in a first transitory mode wherein the storage module (14) is utilized as a heat sink to draw refrigerant from the condensing unit (12), temporary refrigerant storage vessel (28) and evaporator (16) into the storage module (14). Before the system is operable in the direct cooling mode, the system is operated in a second transitory mode wherein the compressor (18) is operated to draw refrigerant into the condensing unit (12) and temporary refrigerant storage vessel.
摘要:
A thermal energy storage system includes a unique control arrangement to enable it to operate in three steady state operational modes, namely, ice making, direct cooling and shift cooling, as well as two transitory modes, namely hypermigration and pump out. The hypermigration mode enable the thermal energy storage system to switch into the shift cooling mode by desirably positioning the refrigerant charge in the ice module heat exchanger. The pump out mode is needed to move the refrigerant charge into the condensing unit in preparation for the direct cooling mode of operation from either the shift cooling mode or the ice making mode. The thermal energy storage permits the refrigerant charge to be in the proper location when each change in mode operation occurs.