公开(公告)号：US07645531B2

公开(公告)日：2010-01-12

申请号：US11918624

申请日：2005-04-15

申请人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

发明人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2415 ,  H01M8/2484 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell power plant (19, 19a) has a plurality of fuel cells (70, 70a, 70c) arranged in a stack (20, 20c), each fuel cell having porous, at least partially hydrophilic water transport plates (75, 81) with fuel (74) and oxidant (82) reactant gas channels, there being water channels (78, 85, 78a, 85a, 78c, 85c) exchanging water with the water transport plates. On shut down, water is retained in the water channels and water transport plates by means of either a micro vacuum pump (46), one or two valves (89, 90, 118, 120), a check valve (95, 99), capillary force in the water channels to prevent water from entering the reactant channels which, if frozen, could block flow of reactant gas upon startup.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（19,19a）具有以堆叠（20,20c）排列的多个燃料电池（70,70a，70c），每个燃料电池具有多孔的，至少部分亲水的水输送板（75,81 ）与燃料（74）和氧化剂（82）反应物气体通道，存在与水输送板交换水的水通道（78,85,78a，85a，78c，85c）。 关闭时，通过微型真空泵（46），一个或两个阀（89,90,118,120），止回阀（95,99），水被保持在水通道和水输送板中， 水通道中的毛细管力，以防止水进入反应物通道，如果冷冻，则可能阻止反应气体在启动时流动。

公开(公告)号：US20090061262A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-05

申请号：US11918624

申请日：2005-04-15

申请人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

发明人： Robert M. Darling ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2415 ,  H01M8/2484 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell power plant (19, 19a) has a plurality of fuel cells (70, 70a, 70c) arranged in a stack (20, 20c), each fuel cell having porous, at least partially hydrophilic water transport plates (75, 81) with fuel (74) and oxidant (82) reactant gas channels, there being water channels (78, 85, 78a, 85a, 78c, 85c) exchanging water with the water transport plates. On shut down, water is retained in the water channels and water transport plates by means of either a micro vacuum pump (46), one or two valves (89, 90, 118, 120), a check valve (95, 99), capillary force in the water channels to prevent water from entering the reactant channels which, if frozen, could block flow of reactant gas upon startup.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（19,19a）具有以堆叠（20,20c）排列的多个燃料电池（70,70a，70c），每个燃料电池具有多孔的，至少部分亲水的水输送板（75,81 ）与燃料（74）和氧化剂（82）反应物气体通道，存在与水输送板交换水的水通道（78,85,78a，85a，78c，85c）。 关闭时，通过微型真空泵（46），一个或两个阀（89,90,118,120），止回阀（95,99），水被保持在水通道和水输送板中， 水通道中的毛细管力，以防止水进入反应物通道，如果冷冻，则可能阻止反应气体在启动时流动。

公开(公告)号：US07579098B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-25

申请号：US11230066

申请日：2005-09-19

申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  David D. Johnson ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  David D. Johnson ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Tommy Skiba ,  Ryan J. Balliet

IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F2245/02 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2484

摘要： Fuel cells (38) have water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) that provide water through reactant gas flow field plates (74, 81) to cool the fuel cell. The water passageways may be vented to atmosphere (99), by a porous plug (69), or pumped (89, 146) with or without removing any water from the passageways. A condenser (59, 124) receives reactant air exhaust, may have a contiguous reservoir (64, 128), may be vertical, (a vehicle radiator, FIG. 2), may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5), or below (124) the fuel cell stack (120). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) or may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates. Air flow in the condenser may be controlled by shutters (155). The condenser may be a heat exchanger (59a) having freeze-proof liquid flowing through a coil (161) thereof, the amount being controlled by a valve (166). A deionizer (175) may be used.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池（38）具有通过反应气体流场板（74,81）提供水以冷却燃料电池的水通道（67; 78,85; 78a，85a）。 水通道可以通过多孔塞（69）排放到大气（99），或者通过或不从通道中去除任何水而被泵送（89,146）。 冷凝器（59,124）接收反应物排气，可以具有连续的储存器（64,128），其可以是垂直的（图2的车辆散热器）可以是水平的，与燃料电池堆的顶部邻接 （37，图5）或下面（124）燃料电池堆（120）。 通道可以是凹槽（76,77; 83,84），或者可以包括与反应物气体流场板中的一个或两个的基本上整个表面相邻的多孔亲水材料（78a，85a）的平面。 冷凝器中的气流可由百叶窗（155）控制。 冷凝器可以是具有流过其线圈（161）的防冻液体的热交换器（59a），其量由阀（166）控制。 可以使用去离子器（175）。

公开(公告)号：US07504170B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-17

申请号：US11027332

申请日：2004-12-29

申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  David D. Johnson ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Tommy Skiba

发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  David D. Johnson ,  Craig E. Evans ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Tommy Skiba

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F2245/02 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2484

摘要： Fuel cells (38) have minute water passageways (67) that provide water through one or both reactant gas flow field plates (74, 82) of each fuel cell, whereby the fuel cell is cooled evaporatively. The water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) may be vented by a porous plug (69), or by a microvacuum pump (89) that does not pump any water from the passageways, or simply vented (99) to atmosphere. A condenser (59) may have a contiguous reservoir (64); the condenser (59) may be vertical, such as a vehicle radiator (FIG. 1), or may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) in the reactant gas flow plates (75, 81) or the passageways may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池（38）具有通过每个燃料电池的一个或两个反应气体流场板（74,82）提供水的微小的水通道（67），由此燃料电池被蒸发冷却。 水通道（67; 78,85; 78a，85a）可以由多孔塞子（69）或微型真空泵（89）排出，该微型真空泵（89）不会从通道中泵出任何水，或者简单地排放（99）到 大气层。 冷凝器（59）可以具有连续的储存器（64）; 冷凝器（59）可以是垂直的，例如车辆散热器（图1），或者可以是水平的，与燃料电池堆的顶部（图5中的37）相邻。 通道可以是反应气体流动板（75,81）中的凹槽（76,77; 83,84），或者通道可以包括多孔亲水材料（78a，85a）的平面，该平面基本上与一个或多个 两种反应气体流场板。

公开(公告)号：US20110104582A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-05

申请号：US12734636

申请日：2008-12-11

申请人： Timothy W. Patterson, JR. ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Ryan J. Balliet ,  Nikunj Gupta ,  Cynthia A. York ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Jesse M. Marzullo ,  Jeremy P. Meyers

发明人： Timothy W. Patterson, JR. ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Ryan J. Balliet ,  Nikunj Gupta ,  Cynthia A. York ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Robert M. Darling ,  Jesse M. Marzullo ,  Jeremy P. Meyers

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/023 ,  H01M8/04149 ,  H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241

摘要： A fuel cell stack (31) includes a plurality of fuel cells (9) each having an electrolyte such as a PEM (10), anode and cathode catalyst layers (13, 14), anode and cathode gas diffusion layers (16, 17), and water transport plates (21, 28) adjacent the gas diffusion layers. The cathode diffusion layer of cells near the cathode end (36) of the stack have a high water permeability, such as greater than 3×10−4 g/(Pa s m) at about 80° C. and about 1 atmosphere, whereas the cathode gas diffusion layer in cells near the anode end (35) have water vapor permeance greater than 3×10−4 g/(Pa s m) at about 80° C. and about 1 atmosphere. In one embodiment, the anode gas diffusion layer of cells near the anode end (35) of the stack have a higher liquid water permeability than the anode gas diffusion layer in cells near the cathode end; a second embodiment reverses that relationship.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆（31）包括多个具有诸如PEM（10），阳极和阴极催化剂层（13,14），阳极和阴极气体扩散层（16,17）的电解质的燃料电池（9） 和与气体扩散层相邻的水输送板（21,28）。 在堆叠的阴极端（36）附近的电池的阴极扩散层在约80℃和约1个大气压下具有高的透水性，例如大于3×10-4g /（Pa·sm），而 在阳极端（35）附近的电池中的阴极气体扩散层在约80℃和约1个大气压下具有大于3×10-4g /（Pa·sm）的水蒸汽渗透性。 在一个实施例中，在堆叠的阳极端（35）附近的电池的阳极气体扩散层在靠近阴极端的电池中具有比阳极气体扩散层更高的液体水渗透性; 第二个实施例反转了这种关系。

公开(公告)号：US07141324B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-28

申请号：US11289196

申请日：2005-11-29

申请人： Paul R. Margiott ,  Francis R. Preli, Jr. ,  Galen W. Kulp ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Ryan J. Balliet

发明人： Paul R. Margiott ,  Francis R. Preli, Jr. ,  Galen W. Kulp ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Ryan J. Balliet

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04216 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04567 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04955 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： The invention is a hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant (10). An anode flow path (24) is in fluid communication with an anode catalyst (14) for directing hydrogen fuel to flow adjacent to the anode catalyst (14), and a cathode flow path (38) is in fluid communication with a cathode catalyst (16) for directing an oxidant to flow adjacent to the cathode catalyst (16) of a fuel cell (12). Hydrogen fuel is permitted to transfer between the anode flow path (24) and the cathode flow path (38). A hydrogen reservoir (66) is secured in fluid communication with the anode flow path (24) for receiving and storing hydrogen during fuel cell (12) operation, and for releasing the hydrogen into fuel cell (12) whenever the fuel cell (12) is shut down.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用于燃料电池发电厂（10）的氢钝化关闭系统。 阳极流动路径（24）与阳极催化剂（14）流体连通，用于引导氢燃料相邻于阳极催化剂（14）流动，并且阴极流动路径（38）与阴极催化剂 16），用于引导氧化剂流过邻近燃料电池（12）的阴极催化剂（16）。 允许氢燃料在阳极流路（24）和阴极流路（38）之间传递。 储氢器（66）固定在与燃料电池（12）操作期间接收和储存氢气的阳极流路（24）流体连通，并且每当燃料电池（12）被释放时，将氢气释放到燃料电池 被关闭。

公开(公告)号：US06984464B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-10

申请号：US10635779

申请日：2003-08-06

申请人： Paul R. Margiott ,  Francis R. Preli, Jr. ,  Galen W. Kulp ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Ryan J. Balliet

发明人： Paul R. Margiott ,  Francis R. Preli, Jr. ,  Galen W. Kulp ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Ryan J. Balliet

IPC分类号： H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04216 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04567 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04955 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： The invention is a hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant (10). An anode flow path (24) is in fluid communication with an anode catalyst (14) for directing hydrogen fuel to flow adjacent to the anode catalyst (14), and a cathode flow path (38) is in fluid communication with a cathode catalyst (16) for directing an oxidant to flow adjacent to the cathode catalyst (16) of a fuel cell (12). Hydrogen fuel is permitted to transfer between the anode flow path (24) and the cathode flow path (38). A hydrogen reservoir (66) is secured in fluid communication with the anode flow path (24) for receiving and storing hydrogen during fuel cell (12) operation, and for releasing the hydrogen into fuel cell (12) whenever the fuel cell (12) is shut down.

公开(公告)号：US06838199B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US10329874

申请日：2002-12-26

申请人： Ryan J. Balliet ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Michael L. Perry

发明人： Ryan J. Balliet ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H02J20060101

CPC分类号： H01M8/04231

摘要： The invention is a start up system and method for a fuel cell power plant (10) using a purging of the cathode flow field (38) with a hydrogen rich reducing fluid fuel to minimize corrosion of the cathode electrode (16). The method for starting up the shut down fuel cell power plant (10) includes the steps of: a. purging the cathode flow field (38) with the reducing fluid fuel; b. then, directing the reducing fluid fuel to flow through an anode flow field (28); c. next, terminating flow of the fuel through the cathode flow field (38) and directing an oxygen containing oxidant to flow through the cathode flow field (38); and, d. finally, connecting a primary load (70) to the fuel cell (12) so that electrical current flows from the fuel cell (12) to the primary load (70).

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种燃料电池发电厂（10）的起动系统和方法，该燃料电池发电厂使用富氢还原流体燃料清除阴极流场（38），以使阴极电极（16）的腐蚀最小化。 用于启动关闭燃料电池发电厂（10）的方法包括以下步骤：a。 用所述还原流体燃料净化所述阴极流场（38）; b。 然后引导所述还原流体燃料流过阳极流场（28）; C。 接下来，通过阴极流场（38）终止燃料流并引导含氧氧化剂流过阴极流场（38）; 和，d。 最后，将主负载（70）连接到燃料电池（12），使得电流从燃料电池（12）流向主负载（70）。

公开(公告)号：US06835479B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-28

申请号：US10180393

申请日：2002-06-26

申请人： Ryan J. Balliet ,  Carl A. Reiser

发明人： Ryan J. Balliet ,  Carl A. Reiser

IPC分类号： H01M804

CPC分类号： H01M8/04231

摘要： The invention is a system and method for shutting down a fuel cell power plant having at least one fuel cell, a primary load, and an auxiliary load that receive electrical current from electrodes of the fuel cell through an external circuit. Shutting down the plant includes disconnecting the primary load; terminating flow of the oxidant through a cathode flow field; connecting the auxiliary load to consume oxygen within the fuel cell; disconnecting the auxiliary load; connecting a power supply to the fuel cell electrodes to increase a concentration of hydrogen within the cathode flow field; and, then, decreasing or eliminating flow of hydrogen into an anode flow field after an equilibrium gas concentration of at least 0.0001% hydrogen, balance fuel cell inert gases, is achieved in both the anode and cathode flow fields.

公开(公告)号：US07871732B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US11988700

申请日：2005-07-15

申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Ryan J. Balliet

发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Ryan J. Balliet

IPC分类号： H01M8/24 ,  H01M2/38

CPC分类号： H01M8/04171 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M8/04164 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2484 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell stack (32) includes a plurality of fuel cells in which each fuel cell is formed between a pair of conductive, porous, substantially hydrophilic plates (17) having oxidant reactant gas flow field channels (12-15) on a first surface and fuel reactant gas flow field channels (19, 19a) on a second surface opposite to the first surface, each ˜f the plates being separated from a plate adjacent thereto by a unitized electrode assembly (20) including a cathode electrode (22), having a gas diffusion layer (GDL) an anode electrode (23) having a GDL with catalyst between each GDL and a membrane (21) disposed therebetween. Above the stack is a condenser (33} having tubes (34) that receive coolant air (39, 40} to condense water vapor out of oxidant exhaust in a chamber (43). Inter-cell wicking strips (26) receive condensate and conduct it along the length of the stack to all cells. In-cell wicking strips (1G, 1 ˜a) on one or both surfaces conduct the water from the inter-cell wicking strips downwardly along the entire planform of each cell. Reactant air is provided to an air inlet manifold (47) through an air inlet conduit (48) from an air pump (49).

摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆（32）包括多个燃料电池，其中每个燃料电池形成在一对导电的，多孔的，基本上亲水的板（17）之间，该板在第一表面上具有氧化剂反应物气体流场通道（12-15） 以及在与第一表面相对的第二表面上的燃料反应物气体流场通道（19,19a），每个板通过包括阴极电极（22）的组合电极组件（20）与与其相邻的板分离， 具有气体扩散层（GDL），在每个GDL和设置在其间的膜（21）之间具有GDL的具有催化剂的阳极电极（23）。 在堆叠之上是具有管（34）的冷凝器（33），其具有接收冷却剂空气（39,40）以将水蒸汽冷凝在室（43）中的氧化剂排气中。细胞间芯吸条（26）接收冷凝物和导管 在一个或两个表面上的细胞内吸液条（1G，1〜a）沿着每个电池的整个平面向下引导细胞内芯吸条带的水，反应物空气为 通过来自空气泵（49）的空气入口导管（48）提供给进气歧管（47）。