Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention
    1.
    发明授权
    Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention 有权
    燃料电池蒸发反应物气体冷却和操作防冻

    公开(公告)号:US07579098B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-08-25

    申请号:US11230066

    申请日:2005-09-19

    IPC分类号: H01M8/02 H01M8/04

    摘要: Fuel cells (38) have water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) that provide water through reactant gas flow field plates (74, 81) to cool the fuel cell. The water passageways may be vented to atmosphere (99), by a porous plug (69), or pumped (89, 146) with or without removing any water from the passageways. A condenser (59, 124) receives reactant air exhaust, may have a contiguous reservoir (64, 128), may be vertical, (a vehicle radiator, FIG. 2), may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5), or below (124) the fuel cell stack (120). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) or may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates. Air flow in the condenser may be controlled by shutters (155). The condenser may be a heat exchanger (59a) having freeze-proof liquid flowing through a coil (161) thereof, the amount being controlled by a valve (166). A deionizer (175) may be used.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池(38)具有通过反应气体流场板(74,81)提供水以冷却燃料电池的水通道(67; 78,85; 78a,85a)。 水通道可以通过多孔塞(69)排放到大气(99),或者通过或不从通道中去除任何水而被泵送(89,146)。 冷凝器(59,124)接收反应物排气,可以具有连续的储存器(64,128),其可以是垂直的(图2的车辆散热器)可以是水平的,与燃料电池堆的顶部邻接 (37,图5)或下面(124)燃料电池堆(120)。 通道可以是凹槽(76,77; 83,84),或者可以包括与反应物气体流场板中的一个或两个的基本上整个表面相邻的多孔亲水材料(78a,85a)的平面。 冷凝器中的气流可由百叶窗(155)控制。 冷凝器可以是具有流过其线圈(161)的防冻液体的热交换器(59a),其量由阀(166)控制。 可以使用去离子器(175)。

    Fuel cells evaporatively cooled with water carried in passageways
    2.
    发明授权
    Fuel cells evaporatively cooled with water carried in passageways 有权
    燃料电池用通道中的水蒸发冷却

    公开(公告)号:US07504170B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-03-17

    申请号:US11027332

    申请日:2004-12-29

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: Fuel cells (38) have minute water passageways (67) that provide water through one or both reactant gas flow field plates (74, 82) of each fuel cell, whereby the fuel cell is cooled evaporatively. The water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) may be vented by a porous plug (69), or by a microvacuum pump (89) that does not pump any water from the passageways, or simply vented (99) to atmosphere. A condenser (59) may have a contiguous reservoir (64); the condenser (59) may be vertical, such as a vehicle radiator (FIG. 1), or may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) in the reactant gas flow plates (75, 81) or the passageways may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池(38)具有通过每个燃料电池的一个或两个反应气体流场板(74,82)提供水的微小的水通道(67),由此燃料电池被蒸发冷却。 水通道(67; 78,85; 78a,85a)可以由多孔塞子(69)或微型真空泵(89)排出,该微型真空泵(89)不会从通道中泵出任何水,或者简单地排放(99)到 大气层。 冷凝器(59)可以具有连续的储存器(64); 冷凝器(59)可以是垂直的,例如车辆散热器(图1),或者可以是水平的,与燃料电池堆的顶部(图5中的37)相邻。 通道可以是反应气体流动板(75,81)中的凹槽(76,77; 83,84),或者通道可以包括多孔亲水材料(78a,85a)的平面,该平面基本上与一个或多个 两种反应气体流场板。

    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup
    3.
    发明授权
    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup 有权
    在冷冻启动期间保持燃料电池堆中的水进行冷却和加湿

    公开(公告)号:US07645531B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-12

    申请号:US11918624

    申请日:2005-04-15

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: A fuel cell power plant (19, 19a) has a plurality of fuel cells (70, 70a, 70c) arranged in a stack (20, 20c), each fuel cell having porous, at least partially hydrophilic water transport plates (75, 81) with fuel (74) and oxidant (82) reactant gas channels, there being water channels (78, 85, 78a, 85a, 78c, 85c) exchanging water with the water transport plates. On shut down, water is retained in the water channels and water transport plates by means of either a micro vacuum pump (46), one or two valves (89, 90, 118, 120), a check valve (95, 99), capillary force in the water channels to prevent water from entering the reactant channels which, if frozen, could block flow of reactant gas upon startup.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池发电厂(19,19a)具有以堆叠(20,20c)排列的多个燃料电池(70,70a,70c),每个燃料电池具有多孔的,至少部分亲水的水输送板(75,81 )与燃料(74)和氧化剂(82)反应物气体通道,存在与水输送板交换水的水通道(78,85,78a,85a,78c,85c)。 关闭时,通过微型真空泵(46),一个或两个阀(89,90,118,120),止回阀(95,99),水被保持在水通道和水输送板中, 水通道中的毛细管力,以防止水进入反应物通道,如果冷冻,则可能阻止反应气体在启动时流动。

    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup
    4.
    发明申请
    Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup 有权
    在冷冻启动期间保持燃料电池堆中的水进行冷却和加湿

    公开(公告)号:US20090061262A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-03-05

    申请号:US11918624

    申请日:2005-04-15

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04 H01M8/10

    摘要: A fuel cell power plant (19, 19a) has a plurality of fuel cells (70, 70a, 70c) arranged in a stack (20, 20c), each fuel cell having porous, at least partially hydrophilic water transport plates (75, 81) with fuel (74) and oxidant (82) reactant gas channels, there being water channels (78, 85, 78a, 85a, 78c, 85c) exchanging water with the water transport plates. On shut down, water is retained in the water channels and water transport plates by means of either a micro vacuum pump (46), one or two valves (89, 90, 118, 120), a check valve (95, 99), capillary force in the water channels to prevent water from entering the reactant channels which, if frozen, could block flow of reactant gas upon startup.

    摘要翻译: 燃料电池发电厂(19,19a)具有以堆叠(20,20c)排列的多个燃料电池(70,70a,70c),每个燃料电池具有多孔的,至少部分亲水的水输送板(75,81 )与燃料(74)和氧化剂(82)反应物气体通道,存在与水输送板交换水的水通道(78,85,78a,85a,78c,85c)。 关闭时,通过微型真空泵(46),一个或两个阀(89,90,118,120),止回阀(95,99),水被保持在水通道和水输送板中, 水通道中的毛细管力,以防止水进入反应物通道,如果冷冻,则可能阻止反应气体在启动时流动。

    Reducing loss of liquid electrolyte from a high temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cell
    8.
    发明授权
    Reducing loss of liquid electrolyte from a high temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cell 有权
    从高温高分子电解质膜燃料电池中减少液体电解质的损失

    公开(公告)号:US08168339B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-05-01

    申请号:US13276947

    申请日:2011-10-19

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04 H01M8/08 H01M8/10

    摘要: A method for controlling an amount of a liquid electrolyte in a polymer-electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell is provided. The method comprises enriching one or more of a fuel flow and an air flow with a vapor of the liquid electrolyte, the liquid electrolyte being unreplenishable via an electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell. The method further comprises delivering the vapor of the liquid electrolyte to the fuel cell including the polymer-electrolyte membrane via one or more of the gas-permeable anode and or the gas-permeable cathode. In this manner, loss of liquid electrolyte from the PEM membrane of the fuel cell can be reduced, leading to improved fuel-cell endurance.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于控制燃料电池的聚合物 - 电解质膜中的液体电解质的量的方法。 该方法包括通过液体电解质的蒸气富集燃料流和空气流中的一种或多种,​​液体电解质通过燃料电池的电化学反应是不可补偿的。 该方法还包括通过一个或多个透气阳极和/或透气阴极将液体电解质的蒸气输送到包括聚合物 - 电解质膜的燃料电池。 以这种方式,可以减少来自燃料电池的PEM膜的液体电解质的损失,导致燃料电池的耐久性得到改善。

    Radiative heat transfer via shunt in a steam reforming reactor
    9.
    发明授权
    Radiative heat transfer via shunt in a steam reforming reactor 有权
    在蒸汽重整反应器中通过分流的辐射热传递

    公开(公告)号:US08038968B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-10-18

    申请号:US12914793

    申请日:2010-10-28

    IPC分类号: B01J8/00 B01J8/02 F28D21/00

    摘要: Embodiments are disclosed that relate to increasing a temperature in a low temperature zone in a steam reforming reactor via a radiative heating shunt. For example, one disclosed embodiment provides a steam reforming reactor comprising a reaction chamber having an interior surface, a packing material located within the reaction chamber, and a radiative heating shunt extending from the interior surface into the reaction chamber. The radiative heating shunt comprises a porous partition enclosing a sub-volume of the reaction chamber bounded by the porous partition and a portion of the interior surface, the sub-volume being at least partly free of packing material such that radiative heat has a path from the interior surface to a distal portion of the porous partition that is unobstructed by packing material.

    摘要翻译: 公开了涉及通过辐射加热分路增加蒸汽重整反应器中的低温区域中的温度的实施例。 例如,一个公开的实施例提供了一种蒸汽重整反应器,其包括具有内表面的反应室,位于反应室内的填料,以及从内表面延伸到反应室中的辐射加热分流器。 辐射加热分流器包括多孔分隔件,其包围由多孔隔板限定的反应室的子体积和内表面的一部分,该子体积至少部分不含填料,使得辐射热具有从 多孔分隔件的远端部分的内表面不被包装材料阻挡。

    Reducing Loss of Liquid Electrolyte From a High Temperature Polymer-Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
    10.
    发明申请
    Reducing Loss of Liquid Electrolyte From a High Temperature Polymer-Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell 有权
    从高温聚合物 - 电解质膜燃料电池中减少液体电解质的损失

    公开(公告)号:US20110003236A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-01-06

    申请号:US12497417

    申请日:2009-07-02

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04 H01M8/10 H01M8/18

    摘要: A method for controlling an amount of a liquid electrolyte in a polymer-electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell is provided. The method comprises enriching one or more of a fuel flow and an air flow with a vapor of the liquid electrolyte, the liquid electrolyte being unreplenishable via an electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell. The method further comprises delivering the vapor of the liquid electrolyte to the fuel cell including the polymer-electrolyte membrane via one or more of the gas-permeable anode and or the gas-permeable cathode. In this manner, loss of liquid electrolyte from the PEM membrane of the fuel cell can be reduced, leading to improved fuel-cell endurance.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种用于控制燃料电池的聚合物 - 电解质膜中的液体电解质的量的方法。 该方法包括通过液体电解质的蒸气富集燃料流和空气流中的一种或多种,​​液体电解质通过燃料电池的电化学反应是不可补偿的。 该方法还包括通过一个或多个透气阳极和/或透气阴极将液体电解质的蒸气输送到包括聚合物 - 电解质膜的燃料电池。 以这种方式,可以减少来自燃料电池的PEM膜的液体电解质的损失,导致燃料电池的耐久性得到改善。