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公开(公告)号：US6022419A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-08
申请号：US723399
申请日：1996-09-30
摘要： A multi-function process is described for the hydrolysis and fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass to separate hemicellulosic sugars from other biomass components such as extractives and proteins; a portion of the solubilized lignin; cellulose; glucose derived from cellulose; and insoluble lignin from said biomass comprising one or more of the following: optionally, as function 1, introducing a dilute acid of pH 1.0-5.0 into a continual shrinking bed reactor containing a lignocellulosic biomass material at a temperature of about 94 to about 160.degree. C. for a period of about 10 to about 120 minutes at a volumetric flow rate of about 1 to about 5 reactor volumes to effect solubilization of extractives, lignin, and protein by keeping the solid to liquid ratio constant throughout the solubilization process; as function 2, introducing a dilute acid of pH 1.0-5.0, either as virgin acid or an acidic stream from another function, into a continual shrinking bed reactor containing either fresh biomass or the partially fractionated lignocellulosic biomass material from function 1 at a temperature of about 94-220.degree. C. for a period of about 10 to about 60 minutes at a volumetric flow rate of about 1 to about 5 reactor volumes to effect solubilization of hemicellulosic sugars, semisoluble sugars and other compounds, and amorphous glucans by keeping the solid to liquid ratio constant throughout the solubilization process; as function 3, optionally, introducing a dilute acid of pH 1.0-5.0 either as virgin acid or an acidic stream from another function, into a continual shrinking bed reactor containing the partially fractionated lignocellulosic biomass material from function 2 at a temperature of about 180-280.degree. C. for a period of about 10 to about 60 minutes at a volumetric flow rate of 1 to about 5 reactor volumes to effect solubilization of cellulosic sugars by keeping the solid to liquid ratio constant throughout the solubilization process; and as function 4, optionally, introducing a dilute acid of pH 1.0-5.0 either as virgin acid or an acidic stream from another function, into a continual shrinking bed reactor containing the partially fractionated lignocellulosic biomass material from function 3 at a temperature of about 180-280.degree. C. for a period of about 10 to about 60 minutes at a volumetric flow rate of about 1 to about 5 reactor volumes to effect solubilization of cellulosic sugars by keeping the solid to liquid ratio constant throughout the solubilization process.
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公开(公告)号：US5503996A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US364560
申请日：1994-12-27
摘要： The invention relates to the prehydrolysis of lignocellulose by passing an acidic or alkaline solution through solid lignocellulosic particles with removal of soluble components as they are formed. The technique permits a less severe combination of pH, temperature and time than conventional prehydrolysis. Furthermore, greater extraction of both hemicellulose and lignin occurs simultaneously in the same reactor and under the same conditions.
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公开(公告)号：US5705369A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US443693
申请日：1995-05-18
摘要： The invention relates to the prehydrolysis of lignocellulose by passing an acidic or alkaline solution through solid lignocellulosic particles with removal of soluble components as they are formed. The technique permits a less severe combination of pH, temperature and time than conventional prehydrolysis. Furthermore, greater extraction of both hemicellulose and lignin occurs simultaneously in the same reactor and under the same conditions.
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公开(公告)号：US5424417A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-13
申请号：US126792
申请日：1993-09-24
摘要： The invention relates to the prehydrolysis of lignocellulose by passing an acidic or alkaline solution through solid lignocellulosic particles with removal of soluble components as they are formed. The technique permits a less severe combination of pH, temperature and time than conventional prehydrolysis. Furthermore, greater extraction of both hemicellulose and lignin occurs simultaneously in the same reactor and under the same conditions.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过将酸性或碱性溶液通过固体木质纤维素颗粒，当其形成时除去可溶性组分，使木素纤维素预水解。 该技术允许pH，温度和时间比常规预水解更不严格的组合。 此外，在相同的反应器和相同的条件下同时发生半纤维素和木质素的更多萃取。
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5.发明授权Aqueous fractionation of biomass based on novel carbohydrate hydrolysis kinetics 有权基于新型碳水化合物水解动力学的生物质水分离公开(公告)号：US06228177B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09292770
申请日：1999-04-14
申请人： Robert W. Torget
发明人： Robert W. Torget
IPC分类号： C13K102
摘要： A multi-function process for hydrolysis and fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass to separate hemicellulosic sugars from other biomass components comprising extractives and proteins; a portion of a solubilized lignin; cellulose; glucose derived from cellulose; and insoluble lignin from said biomass comprising: a) introducing either solid fresh biomass or partially fractioned lignocellulosic biomass material with entrained acid or water into a reactor and heating to a temperature of up to about 185° C.-205° C. b) allowing the reaction to proceed to a point where about 60% of the hemicellulose has been hydrolyzed in the case of water or complete dissolution in case of acid; c) adding a dilute acid liquid at a pH below about 5 at a temperature of up to about 205° C. for a period ranging from about 5 to about 10 minutes; to hydrolyze the remaining 40% of hemicellulose if water is used. d) quenching the reaction at a temperature of up to about 140° C. to quench all degradation and hydrolysis reactions; and e) introducing into said reaction chamber and simultaneously removing from said reaction chamber, a volumetric flow rate of dilute acid at a temperature of up to about 140° C. to wash out the majority of the solubilized biomass components, to obtain improved hemicellosic sugar yields.
摘要翻译： 用于水解和分级木质纤维素生物质以将半纤维素糖与包括萃取物和蛋白质的其它生物质成分分离的多功能方法; 一部分溶解的木质素; 纤维素; 葡萄糖衍生自纤维素; 和来自所述生物质的不溶性木质素包括：a）将固体新鲜生物质或部分分馏的木质纤维素生物质材料与夹带的酸或水一起引入反应器并加热至高达约185℃-205℃的温度，允许反应 进行到在水的情况下大约60％的半纤维素已被水解或在酸的情况下完全溶解的点; c）在高达约205℃的温度下加入pH低于约5的稀酸液体 C.约5至约10分钟; 如果使用水，水解剩余的40％的半纤维素。d）在高达约140℃的温度下淬灭反应，以淬灭所有降解和水解反应; 并且同时从所述反应室中除去在高达约140℃的温度下的稀酸的体积流速以洗出大部分溶解的生物质成分，以获得改善的半纤维素糖产率 。
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公开(公告)号：US5125977A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US681299
申请日：1991-04-08
申请人： Karel Grohmann , Robert W. Torget
发明人： Karel Grohmann , Robert W. Torget
IPC分类号： C13K13/00
CPC分类号： C13K13/002
摘要： A two-stage dilute acid prehydrolysis process on xylan containing hemicellulose in biomass is effected by: treating feedstock of hemicellulosic material comprising xylan that is slow hydrolyzable and xylan that is fast hydrolyzable under predetermined low temperature conditions with a dilute acid for a residence time sufficient to hydrolyze the fast hydrolyzable xylan to xylose; removing said xylose from said fast hydrolyzable xylan and leaving a residue; and treating said residue having a slow hydrolyzable xylan with a dilute acid under predetermined high temperature conditions for a residence time required to hydrolyze said slow hydrolyzable xylan to xylose.
摘要翻译： 在生物质中含有半纤维素的木质纤维素的两阶段稀酸预水解方法是通过以下方式实现的：处理含有缓慢水解的木聚糖的半纤维素材料的原料，在预定的低温条件下可快速水解的木聚糖， 将快速水解木聚糖水解成木糖; 从所述快速可水解的木聚糖中除去所述木糖并留下残余物; 并在预定的高温条件下用稀酸处理具有缓慢水解性木聚糖的所述残余物，使所述缓慢水解的木聚糖水解成木糖所需的停留时间。
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