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公开(公告)号：US20140166904A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-19
申请号：US14125068
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , David Le Sage
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , David Le Sage
IPC分类号： G01N21/64
CPC分类号： G01N21/645 , G01N21/6489 , G01N21/87 , G01R33/1284
摘要： Efficient fluorescence detection is achieved by optically guiding fluorescence light generated by color centers within a sample to photodetectors outside the sample. A fluorescence detection system may use a sample containing one or more fluorescence color centers that emit fluorescent light when irradiated with excitation light from an optical source. The sample has an index of refraction greater than its surrounding medium. The sample may include one or more output faces and further include at least two opposing faces configured to internally reflect the fluorescent light emitted by the fluorescent color centers, and to optically guide the emitted fluorescent light to the one or more output faces. The fluorescence detection system may include one or more optical detector configured to receive fluorescent light emitted through the one or more output faces, and a microwave source configured to manipulate the electronic spin of the fluorescent color centers.
摘要翻译： 通过将样品内的颜色中心产生的荧光光学引导到样品外的光电探测器来实现高效荧光检测。 荧光检测系统可以使用含有一个或多个荧光色中心的样品，其在用来自光源的激发光照射时发出荧光。 样品的折射率大于其周围的介质。 样品可以包括一个或多个输出面，并且还包括被配置为在内部反射由荧光色中心发射的荧光的至少两个相对面，并且将发射的荧光光学引导到一个或多个输出面。 荧光检测系统可以包括被配置为接收通过一个或多个输出面发射的荧光的一个或多个光学检测器和被配置为操纵荧光色中心的电子自旋的微波源。
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公开(公告)号：US09157859B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-13
申请号：US14125068
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , David Lesage
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , David Lesage
CPC分类号： G01N21/645 , G01N21/6489 , G01N21/87 , G01R33/1284
摘要： Efficient fluorescence detection is achieved by optically guiding fluorescence light generated by color centers within a sample to photodetectors outside the sample. A fluorescence detection system may use a sample containing one or more fluorescence color centers that emit fluorescent light when irradiated with excitation light from an optical source. The sample has an index of refraction greater than its surrounding medium. The sample may include one or more output faces and further include at least two opposing faces configured to internally reflect the fluorescent light emitted by the fluorescent color centers, and to optically guide the emitted fluorescent light to the one or more output faces. The fluorescence detection system may include one or more optical detector configured to receive fluorescent light emitted through the one or more output faces, and a microwave source configured to manipulate the electronic spin of the fluorescent color centers.
摘要翻译： 通过将样品内的颜色中心产生的荧光光学引导到样品外的光电探测器来实现高效荧光检测。 荧光检测系统可以使用含有一个或多个荧光色中心的样品，其在用来自光源的激发光照射时发出荧光。 样品的折射率大于其周围的介质。 样品可以包括一个或多个输出面，并且还包括被配置为在内部反射由荧光色中心发射的荧光的至少两个相对面，并且将发射的荧光光学引导到一个或多个输出面。 荧光检测系统可以包括被配置为接收通过一个或多个输出面发射的荧光的一个或多个光学检测器和被配置为操纵荧光色中心的电子自旋的微波源。
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公开(公告)号：US5617860A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US487137
申请日：1995-06-07
CPC分类号： A61K49/1815 , C01B23/00
摘要： A method and system for producing polarized .sup.129 Xe gas in an economical manner, allowing the polarized .sup.129 Xe gas to be used commercially in research and clinical applications. The production system of the present invention includes a holding tank for holding an unpolarized xenon gas/nitrogen gas mixture. The holding tank is in communication with a temperature controlled polarization chamber. A wide spectrum high power light source such as a diode laser array is in communication with the polarization chamber. The alkali metal vapor is optically pumped by the light source. The polarization chamber, which contains a given quantity of an alkali metal and its associated vapor, receives the gaseous mixture from the holding tank. The optically pumped alkali metal vapor atoms then collide with the xenon gas atoms, thus polarizing the xenon atoms. The entire gaseous mixture expands out of the polarization chamber into a device that separates the alkali metal vapor atoms from the polarized .sup.129 Xe atoms. The polarized .sup.129 Xe atoms are then controllably output to a system/user interface for application purposes.
摘要翻译： 以经济的方式生产极化的129Xe气体的方法和系统，允许极化的129Xe气体在商业上用于研究和临床应用。 本发明的生产系统包括用于保持非极化氙气/氮气混合物的容纳槽。 保持槽与温度控制的偏振室连通。 诸如二极管激光器阵列的宽频高功率光源与偏振腔连通。 碱金属蒸气由光源光泵浦。 包含给定量的碱金属及其相关蒸气的偏振腔从容纳槽接收气体混合物。 光泵浦的碱金属蒸汽原子然后与氙气原子碰撞，从而使氙原子偏振。 整个气态混合物从偏振腔中扩展成将碱金属蒸汽原子与极化的129Xe原子分离的装置。 然后将极化的129Xe原子可控地输出到用于应用目的的系统/用户界面。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09541512B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-10
申请号：US14125934
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , Jeff Lichtman , Narayanan Kasthuri , David Glenn , Huiliang Zhang , Richard Schalek
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , Jeff Lichtman , Narayanan Kasthuri , David Glenn , Huiliang Zhang , Richard Schalek
IPC分类号： G01N23/225 , H01J37/22 , H01J37/244 , G01N33/543
CPC分类号： G01N23/2254 , G01N33/54373 , G01N2223/403 , G01N2223/418 , G01N2223/612 , H01J37/22 , H01J37/244 , H01J2237/225 , H01J2237/2808
摘要： Multi-color CL images of nanoparticle samples may be generated, by irradiating with a scanning electron beam a nanoparticle sample that containing a plurality of spectrally distinct optical emitters configured to generate CL light at respective different color channels, then detecting the CL light from the nanoparticles to generate multi-color NP-CL images of the nanoparticle sample. In some embodiments, SE (secondary electron) images of the sample may be acquire, substantially simultaneously with the acquisition of the CL images, so as to generate correlative NP-CL and SE images of the nanoparticle sample. In some embodiments, the nanoparticles may be surface-functionalized so that the nanoparticles selectively bind only to particular structures of interest.
摘要翻译： 可以通过用扫描电子束照射纳米颗粒样品来产生纳米颗粒样品的多色CL图像，所述纳米颗粒样品包含被配置为在各个不同颜色通道产生CL光的多个光谱不同的光发射器，然后检测来自纳米颗粒的CL光 以产生纳米颗粒样品的多色NP-CL图像。 在一些实施例中，样本的SE（二次电子）图像可以在获取CL图像的同时获取，以便产生纳米颗粒样品的相关NP-CL和SE图像。 在一些实施方案中，纳米颗粒可以被表面官能化，使得纳米颗粒选择性地仅结合特定的感兴趣结构。
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5.发明申请Spectral Decomposition Of Composite Solid State Spin Environments Through Quantum Control of Spin Impurities 审中-公开通过自旋杂质的量子控制对复合固态旋转环境的光谱分解公开(公告)号：US20140191752A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-10
申请号：US14125941
申请日：2012-06-13
IPC分类号： G06N99/00
摘要： Methods and systems are described for spectral decomposition of composite solid-state spin environments through quantum control of electronic spin impurities. Δ sequence of spin-control modulation pulses are applied to the electronic spin impurities in the solid-state spin systems. The spectral content of the spin bath that surrounds the electronic spin impurities within the solid-state spin system is extracted, by measuring the coherent evolution and associated decoherence of the spin impurities as a function of number of the applied modulation pulses, and the time-spacing between the pulses. Using these methods, fundamental properties of the spin environment such as the correlation times and the coupling strengths for both electronic and nuclear spins in the spin bath, can be determined.
摘要翻译： 描述了通过电子自旋杂质的量子控制对复合固态自旋环境进行光谱分解的方法和系统。 ＆Dgr 自旋控制调制脉冲的顺序被施加到固态自旋系统中的电子自旋杂质。 通过测量作为施加的调制脉冲数的函数的自旋杂质的相干演化和相关的去相干性，提取围绕固态自旋系统内的电子自旋杂质的旋转浴槽的光谱含量， 脉冲之间的间距。 使用这些方法，可以确定自旋环境的基本特性，例如旋转浴中的电子和核自旋的相关时间和耦合强度。
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公开(公告)号：US09784804B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-10
申请号：US14125945
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , Linh My Pham
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , Linh My Pham
CPC分类号： G01R33/323 , G01N24/08 , G01R33/24 , G01R33/60
摘要： Long spin coherence lifetimes are realized for ensembles of electronic spin impurities in solid state spin systems, for example NV color centers in diamond, by using spin-control RF pulse sequences to provide dynamic decoupling of the ensembles of spin impurities from environmental sources of decoherence such as dipolar and hyperfine interactions with proximal spin and other paramagnetic impurities in diamond. In this way, the measurement sensitivity of the coherent evolution of ensembles of solid state spin impurities are increased. Using the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence, the spin coherence lifetimes of NV ensembles can be extended to more than 2 ms in room temperature diamond, and sensitivity of magnetometry that uses NV ensembles can be increased.
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公开(公告)号：US09658301B2
公开(公告)日：2017-05-23
申请号：US14125072
申请日：2012-06-12
申请人： Ronald Walsworth
发明人： Ronald Walsworth
CPC分类号： G01R33/323 , G01R33/1284
摘要： Absorption based detection of spin states of spin impurities within a solid-state spin system, such as NV centers in diamond, is implemented by measuring the absorption intensity of an optical signal applied to the spin impurities, i.e. change in intensity of the optical signal after the signal has been transmitted through the solid-state spin system. During optical excitation of the spin impurities, microwave pulses are applied to the sample at a frequency tuned to the ESR frequency. The relative populations of the spin states of the impurities, which provides information regarding variables of interest such as an external magnetic field or a quantum information protocol, is determined from the ratio of the absorption intensity of the optical signal when the microwave pulses are turned on, to the absorption intensity of the optical signal when the microwave pulses turned off.
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140197831A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-17
申请号：US14125072
申请日：2012-06-12
申请人： Ronald Walsworth
发明人： Ronald Walsworth
IPC分类号： G01R33/32
CPC分类号： G01R33/323 , G01R33/1284
摘要： Absorption based detection of spin states of spin impurities within a solid-state spin system, such as NV centers in diamond, is implemented by measuring the absorption intensity of an optical signal applied to the spin impurities, i.e. change in intensity of the optical signal after the signal has been transmitted through the solid-state spin system. During optical excitation of the spin impurities, microwave pulses are applied to the sample at a frequency tuned to the ESR frequency. The relative populations of the spin states of the impurities, which provides information regarding variables of interest such as an external magnetic field or a quantum information protocol, is determined from the ratio of the absorption intensity of the optical signal when the microwave pulses are turned on, to the absorption intensity of the optical signal when the microwave pulses turned off.
摘要翻译： 通过测量施加到自旋杂质的光信号的吸收强度，即在固态自旋系统中的自旋杂质的吸收基础，例如金刚石中的NV中心，即通过测量施加到自旋杂质的光信号的吸收强度来实现， 该信号已通过固态自旋系统传输。 在自旋杂质的光激发期间，以调谐到ESR频率的频率将微波脉冲施加到样品。 提供关于诸如外部磁场或量子信息协议的关注变量的信息的杂质的自旋态的相对群体根据当微波脉冲被打开时光信号的吸收强度的比率确定 ，当微波脉冲关闭时，光信号的吸收强度。
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公开(公告)号：US20150048822A1
公开(公告)日：2015-02-19
申请号：US14125945
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , Linh My Pham
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , Linh My Pham
CPC分类号： G01R33/323 , G01N24/08 , G01R33/24 , G01R33/60
摘要： Long spin coherence lifetimes are realized for ensembles of electronic spin impurities in solid state spin systems, for example NV color centers in diamond, by using spin-control RF pulse sequences to provide dynamic decoupling of the ensembles of spin impurities from environmental sources of decoherence such as dipolar and hyperfine interactions with proximal spin and other paramagnetic impurities in diamond. In this way, the measurement sensitivity of the coherent evolution of ensembles of solid state spin impurities are increased. Using the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence, the spin coherence lifetimes of NV ensembles can be extended to more than 2 ms in room temperature diamond, and sensitivity of magnetometry that uses NV ensembles can be increased.
摘要翻译： 通过使用自旋控制RF脉冲序列来提供固体状态自旋系统中的电子自旋杂质的集合，例如金刚石中的NV色心，可以实现长旋转相干寿命，以提供旋转杂质的集合与环境干燥源的动态去耦，如 作为金刚石中近端旋转和其他顺磁性杂质的偶极和超精细相互作用。 以这种方式，固态自旋杂质集合的相干演化的测量灵敏度增加。 使用Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill（CPMG）脉冲序列，NV集合的旋转相干寿命可以延长到超过2 ms的室温金刚石，并且可以增加使用NV集合的磁力计的灵敏度。
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10.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140194314A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-10
申请号：US14125934
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , Jeff Lichtman , Narayanan Kasthuri , David Glenn , Huiliang Zhang , Richard Schalek
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , Jeff Lichtman , Narayanan Kasthuri , David Glenn , Huiliang Zhang , Richard Schalek
IPC分类号： G01N23/225 , G01N33/543
CPC分类号： G01N23/2254 , G01N33/54373 , G01N2223/403 , G01N2223/418 , G01N2223/612 , H01J37/22 , H01J37/244 , H01J2237/225 , H01J2237/2808
摘要： Multi-color CL images of nanoparticle samples may be generated, by irradiating with a scanning electron beam a nanoparticle sample that containing a plurality of spectrally distinct optical emitters configured to generate CL light at respective different color channels, then detecting the CL light from the nanoparticles to generate multi-color NP-CL images of the nanoparticle sample. In some embodiments, SE (secondary electron) images of the sample may be acquire, substantially simultaneously with the acquisition of the CL images, so as to generate correlative NP-CL and SE images of the nanoparticle sample. In some embodiments, the nanoparticles may be surface-functionalized so that the nanoparticles selectively bind only to particular structures of interest.
摘要翻译： 可以通过用扫描电子束照射纳米颗粒样品来产生纳米颗粒样品的多色CL图像，所述纳米颗粒样品包含被配置为在各个不同颜色通道产生CL光的多个光谱不同的光发射器，然后检测来自纳米颗粒的CL光 以产生纳米颗粒样品的多色NP-CL图像。 在一些实施例中，样本的SE（二次电子）图像可以在获取CL图像的同时获取，以便产生纳米颗粒样品的相关NP-CL和SE图像。 在一些实施方案中，纳米颗粒可以被表面官能化，使得纳米颗粒选择性地仅结合特定的感兴趣结构。
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