摘要:
A process for the continuous production of a compound of Formula (II), HO—R1—ONO2 (II) wherein R1 is a straight chain alkyl radical having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, in a two-phase solvent system, comprising contacting a compound of Formula (I), HO—R1—OH (I) wherein R1 is as defined above, with nitric acid in the presence of a first solvent, wherein the compound of Formula (II) is continuously extracted into a second solvent, and the reaction is carried out in a mixing microreactor which provides a power loss of at least 1.3 times the power loss provided under identical conditions by a circular cross-section straight-channel microreactor having an internal diameter equal to the average hydraulic diameter of the mixing microreactor and a length equal to the length of the mixing microreactor.
摘要:
A process for the continuous production of a compound of Formula (II), HO—R1—ONO2 (II) wherein R1 is a straight chain alkyl radical having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, in a two-phase solvent system, comprising contacting a compound of Formula (I), HO—R1—OH (I) wherein R1 is as defined above, with nitric acid in the presence of a first solvent, wherein the compound of Formula (II) is continuously extracted into a second solvent, and the reaction is carried out in a mixing microreactor which provides a power loss of at least 1.3 times the power loss provided under identical conditions by a circular cross-section straight-channel microreactor having an internal diameter equal to the average hydraulic diameter of the mixing microreactor and a length equal to the length of the mixing microreactor.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a cyclopropane derivative of Formula (I), by reacting an olefin of Formula (II), with a carbene of the formula:CR1R2, in a reaction vessel, optionally in the presence of a solvent, wherein, R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, —C(O)R7 or —NR82; R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, —C(O)R9, —NR102, —SR11, —S(O)R11, or —SO2R11, or R3 and R6 are as defined above and R4 and R5 together form a ring, which ring is carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aromatic or heteroaromatic; R7 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl or —NR102; R8 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl; R9 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy or heteroaryl; R10 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl or C(O)R12; R11 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl; and R12 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, or aryloxy, in the presence of copper metal or copper oxide, wherein the process is a continuous process.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a cyclopropane derivative of Formula (I), by reacting an olefin of Formula (II), with a carbene of the formula: CR1R2, in a reaction vessel, optionally in the presence of a solvent, wherein, R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, —C(O)R7 or —NR82; R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, —C(O)R9, —NR102, —SR11, —S(O)R11, or —SO2R11, or R3 and R6 are as defined above and R4 and R5 together form a ring, which ring is carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aromatic or heteroaromatic; R7 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, heteroaryl or —NR102; R8 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl; R9 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy or heteroaryl; R10 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl or C(O)R12; R11 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl; and R12 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, or aryloxy, in the presence of copper metal or copper oxide, wherein the process is a continuous process.
摘要:
A tube bundle falling film microreactor for performing gas-liquid reactions, which has: a) at least one vertical tube with b) a device for distributing the liquid on the inside of the tube and c) a liquid collecting system, and d) a device for gas supply and removal, and use thereof.
摘要:
A tube bundle falling film microreactor for performing gas-liquid reactions, which has: a) at least one vertical tube with b) a device for distributing the liquid on the inside of the tube and c) a liquid collecting system, and d) a device for gas supply and removal, and use thereof.
摘要:
Reaction plates for microreactors for performing gas-liquid reactions, which consist of falling-film plates with a surface which has a randomly distributed, unordered fine structure or microstructure.
摘要:
Improved process for working up diacetone acrylamide solutions, obtained by reaction of acetone or diacetone alcohol with acrylonitrile and sulfuric acid and subsequent dilution and neutralization, in which a) the organic phase obtained subsequent to the neutralization, which comprises the crude diacetone acrylamide, is hydrolyzed by addition of an aqueous alkaline solution in order to remove acrylamide, then b) after phase separation has been carried out, the organic phase, which comprises the crude diacetone acrylamide, is neutralized by addition of an acid, and c) in succession, low-boiling-point byproducts are removed by distillation in the presence of one or more polymerization inhibitors, then t-butylacrylamide is removed by distillation and, finally, the diacetone acrylamide is isolated by product distillation, and d) the diacetone acrylamide thus obtained is converted into its final form
摘要:
Improved process for working up diacetone acrylamide solutions, obtained by reaction of acetone or diacetone alcohol with acrylonitrile and sulfuric acid and subsequent dilution and neutralization, in which a) the organic phase obtained subsequent to the neutralization, which comprises the crude diacetone acrylamide, is hydrolyzed by addition of an aqueous alkaline solution in order to remove acrylamide, then b) after phase separation has been carried out, the organic phase, which comprises the crude diacetone acrylamide, is neutralized by addition of an acid, and c) in succession, low-boiling-point byproducts are removed by distillation in the presence of one or more polymerization inhibitors, then t-butylacrylamide is removed by distillation and, finally, the diacetone acrylamide is isolated by product distillation, and d) the diacetone acrylamide thus obtained is converted into its final form.