Hologram and process for producing hologram
    2.
    发明授权
    Hologram and process for producing hologram 失效
    全息图和全息图制作工艺

    公开(公告)号:US06141123A

    公开(公告)日:2000-10-31

    申请号:US321876

    申请日:1999-05-28

    IPC分类号: G03H1/02 G03H1/20

    摘要: There is provided a hologram with excellent heat resistance. The hologram comprises a hologram film (10) in which a diffraction grating has been recorded, a substrate (11) situated on one side of the hologram film (10) via a bonding material (13), and a polymer film (12) situated on the other side of the hologram film (10) via a bonding material (13), wherein the thickness of the polymer film (12) is no greater than 100 .mu.m. Otherwise, the polymer film (12) is subjected to prior heat treatment. There is further provided a production process for holograms with minimal appearance defects. The process comprises preparing a photopolymer (210) coated onto a substrate (211) and affixing the photopolymer surface (301) onto a photographed object original (213), exposing it to laser light to converting it into a hologram (201), then releasing the hologram (201) from the photographed object original (213) to expose the hologram surface (302) and finally affixing a protective film (215) onto the hologram surface (302), such that the bonding strength A between the substrate (211) and the hologram (201) is greater than the bonding strength B between the hologram (201) and the protective film (215).

    摘要翻译: 提供了具有优异耐热性的全息图。 全息图包括其中记录有衍射光栅的全息膜(10),经由接合材料(13)位于全息膜(10)一侧的基板(11)和位于 在全息膜(10)的另一侧经由接合材料(13),其中聚合物膜(12)的厚度不大于100μm。 否则,对聚合物膜(12)进行先前的热处理。 还提供了具有最小外观缺陷的全息图的制造方法。 该方法包括制备涂覆在基材(211)上并将光聚合物表面(301)固定在拍摄物体原件(213)上的光聚合物(210),将其暴露于激光以将其转换成全息图(201),然后释放 从所拍摄的目标原件(213)的全息图(201)中露出全息图表面(302),最后将保护膜(215)固定在全息图表面(302)上,使得基板(211) 并且全息图(201)大于全息图(201)和保护膜(215)之间的接合强度B.

    Apparatus for synthesizing and displaying images
    3.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for synthesizing and displaying images 失效
    用于合成和显示图像的装置

    公开(公告)号:US5993006A

    公开(公告)日:1999-11-30

    申请号:US90952

    申请日:1998-06-05

    IPC分类号: G03B21/10 G03B21/14

    CPC分类号: G03B21/10

    摘要: An apparatus synthesizes the image of a viewer and a second image into a synthesized image and displays the synthesized image. The apparatus is capable of aligning the line of sight of the viewer with the line of sight of the displayed image of the viewer and correctly reproducing colors on the synthesized image. The apparatus has a transparent hologram screen (15) on which a diffuser is recorded, a camera (25) for imaging a viewer (81) through the hologram screen, a synthesizer (28) for synthesizing the image of the viewer and a second image into a synthesized image, and a projector (11) for projecting signal light (31) containing the synthesized image onto the hologram screen. In place of the synthesizer, a display unit may be arranged behind the viewer. The hologram screen (15) may be combined with a mirror or a half-mirror.

    摘要翻译: 一种装置将观看者和第二图像的图像合成为合成图像,并显示合成图像。 该装置能够使观看者的视线与观看者的显示图像的视线对准,并且正确地再现合成图像上的颜色。 该装置具有记录漫射器的透明全息屏幕(15),用于通过全息屏幕成像观看者(81)的相机(25),用于合成观看者的图像的合成器(28)和第二图像 以及用于将包含合成图像的信号光(31)投影到全息图屏幕上的投影仪(11)。 代替合成器,可以在观看者后面布置显示单元。 全息屏幕(15)可以与镜子或半透镜组合。

    Hologram and process for producing hologram
    4.
    发明授权
    Hologram and process for producing hologram 失效
    全息图和全息图制作工艺

    公开(公告)号:US06483611B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-11-19

    申请号:US09564856

    申请日:2000-05-04

    IPC分类号: G03H102

    摘要: There is provided a hologram with excellent heat resistance. The hologram comprises a hologram film (10) in which a diffraction grating has been recorder, a substrated (11) situated on one side of the hologram film (10) via a bonding material (13), and a polymer film (12) situated on the other side of the hologram film (10) via a bonding material (13), wherein the thickness of the polymer film (12) is no greater than 100 &mgr;m. Otherwise, the polymer film (12) is subjected to prior heat treatment. There is further provided a production process for holograms with minimal appearance defects. The process comprises preparing a photopolymer (210) coated onto a substrate (211) and affixing the photopolymer surface (301) onto a photographed object original (213), exposing it to laser light to converting it into a hologram (201), then releasing the hologram (201) from the photographed object original (213) to expose the hologram surface (302) and finally affixing a protective film (215) onto the hologram surface (302), such that the bonding strength A between the substrate (211) and the hologram (201) is greater than the bonding strenght B between the hologram (201) and the protective film (215).

    摘要翻译: 提供了具有优异耐热性的全息图。 全息图包括其中记录有衍射光栅的全息膜(10),经由接合材料(13)位于全息膜(10)的一侧上的基底(11)和位于 在全息膜(10)的另一侧经由接合材料(13),其中聚合物膜(12)的厚度不大于100μm。 否则,对聚合物膜(12)进行先前的热处理。进一步提供了具有最小外观缺陷的全息图的制造方法。 该方法包括制备涂覆在基材(211)上并将光聚合物表面(301)固定在拍摄物体原件(213)上的光聚合物(210),将其暴露于激光以将其转换成全息图(201),然后释放 从所拍摄的目标原件(213)的全息图(201)中露出全息图表面(302),最后将保护膜(215)固定在全息图表面(302)上,使得基板(211) 并且全息图(201)大于全息图(201)和保护膜(215)之间的结合强度B。

    SPARK PLUG FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
    5.
    发明申请
    SPARK PLUG FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME 有权
    用于内燃机的火花塞及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US20100289397A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-11-18

    申请号:US12671292

    申请日:2008-07-31

    IPC分类号: H01T13/32 H01T21/02

    CPC分类号: H01T21/06 H01T13/32

    摘要: A spark plug for an internal-combustion engine comprises an attachment fitting 2, an insulator 3, a center electrode 4 and an earth electrode 5 . While fixed to the attachment fitting 2, the earth electrode 5 has a convex part 510 formed by projecting toward the center electrode 4 a part of the opposed surface 51, which faces the center electrode 4, of the earth electrode and a concave part 520 formed toward the opposed surface 51 from the earth electrode's back surface 52 which is the reverse side of the opposed surface 51 of the earth electrode 5 . The convex part 510 is disposed so that the extension of a shaft center of the convex part 510 may pass through the area in which the concave part 520 is formed. A relation of S1>=s is realized when an area of an opening of the concave part 520 is set to S1 and an average cross-section area of a cross section of the convex part 510 perpendicular to an axial direction of the spark plug is set to s.

    摘要翻译: 用于内燃机的火花塞包括附接配件2,绝缘体3,中心电极4和接地电极5。 固定在安装配件2上时,接地电极5具有凸状部510,该凸部510通过向中心电极4突出与接地电极相对的中心电极4的相对面51的一部分,形成有凹部520 从接地电极的背面52朝向相对面51,后表面52是接地电极5的相对表面51的相反侧。 凸部510被配置为使得凸部510的轴心的延伸部可以穿过形成有凹部520的区域。 当凹部520的开口面积设定为S1,凸部510的与火花塞的轴向垂直的截面积的平均截面积为 设置为s。

    Spark plug designed to minimize drop in insulation resistance
    6.
    发明授权
    Spark plug designed to minimize drop in insulation resistance 有权
    火花塞设计用于最大限度地降低绝缘电阻

    公开(公告)号:US07723906B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-05-25

    申请号:US11951578

    申请日:2007-12-06

    IPC分类号: H01T13/20

    CPC分类号: H01T13/38 H01T13/20

    摘要: A spark plug for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a metal shell, a porcelain insulator, a center electrode, and a ground electrode. The center electrode is retained in the porcelain insulator to define a spark gap between itself and the ground electrode. The porcelain insulator has a nose made up of an upright portion and a tapered portion continuing from the upright portion toward a top end thereof. The tapered portion has a diameter decreasing toward the top end of the porcelain insulator. The upright portion has an outer wall extending substantially parallel to an inner wall of the metal shell, thereby inducing the formation of side sparks between the tapered portion and the metal shell before the insulation resistance between the center electrode and the metal shell drops, thereby giving a signal indicative of such an event to an operator.

    摘要翻译: 提供一种用于内燃机的火花塞,其包括金属壳,瓷绝缘体,中心电极和接地电极。 中心电极保留在瓷绝缘体中,以在其自身和接地电极之间形成火花隙。 瓷绝缘体具有由直立部分和从直立部分向其顶端延续的锥形部分构成的鼻子。 锥形部分的直径朝向瓷绝缘体的顶端减小。 直立部分具有基本上平行于金属壳体的内壁延伸的外壁,从而在中心电极和金属壳体之间的绝缘电阻下降之前,在锥形部分和金属壳体之间引起侧面火花的形成,从而给出 指示操作者的这种事件的信号。

    Structure of spark plug designed to ensure improved productivity
    7.
    发明授权
    Structure of spark plug designed to ensure improved productivity 有权
    设计用于确保提高生产率的火花塞的结构

    公开(公告)号:US08456071B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-06-04

    申请号:US13325443

    申请日:2011-12-14

    申请人: Satoru Kadowaki

    发明人: Satoru Kadowaki

    IPC分类号: H01T13/20

    CPC分类号: H01T13/39 H01T21/02

    摘要: A spark plug for use in an internal combustion engine. The spark plug is equipped with a metal shell, a ground electrode joined to the metal shell, and a center electrode disposed in the metal shell. The ground electrode has a protrusion formed on a top end thereof. The metal shell and the ground electrode are covered with a plated layer which has a thickness of 2 μm to 18 μm, which minimizes the possibility of peeling of the plated layer from the ground electrode while keeping the plated layer as thin as possible without sacrificing the resistance to corrosion on the ground electrode.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于内燃机的火花塞。 火花塞配备有金属壳,与金属壳接合的接地电极和设置在金属壳中的中心电极。 接地电极具有在其顶端上形成的突起。 金属壳和接地电极被覆有厚度为2μm至18μm的镀层,这使得镀层从接地电极剥离的可能性最小化,同时保持镀层尽可能薄,而不牺牲 对接地电极的耐腐蚀性。

    SPARK PLUG OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
    8.
    发明申请
    SPARK PLUG OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 有权
    火花塞内燃机

    公开(公告)号:US20130009536A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-01-10

    申请号:US13540701

    申请日:2012-07-03

    IPC分类号: H01T13/32

    CPC分类号: H01T13/39 H01T13/32

    摘要: A spark plug has a cylindrical housing case, a cylindrical glass insulator, a center electrode, and an earth electrode fixed to the cylindrical housing case. The earth electrode has a projected part which is projected toward the center electrode. The projected part has a facing surface which faces the center electrode and is most close to the center electrode in a spark discharge gap. This gap is formed between the center electrode and the earth electrode. The facing surface is covered with a plating layer. A base material, with which the earth electrode is made, is exposed on a side surface of the projected part around the facing surface of the projected part. The base material of the earth electrode is made of Ni alloy containing not less than 90 wt % Ni, and preferably, Ni within a range of 90 wt % to 98 wt %.

    摘要翻译: 火花塞具有圆柱形壳体,圆柱形玻璃绝缘体,中心电极和固定到圆柱形壳体的接地电极。 接地电极具有向中心电极突出的突出部分。 投影部分具有面对中心电极并且在火花放电间隙中最接近中心电极的面对表面。 该间隙形成在中心电极和接地电极之间。 面对表面被镀层覆盖。 制造接地电极的基材在突出部分的相对表面周围的侧面上露出。 接地电极的基材由含有不小于90重量%Ni,优选Ni在90重量%至98重量%的范围内的Ni合金制成。

    Spark plug of internal combustion engine having an earth electrode having an exposed side surface on a projecting part
    9.
    发明授权
    Spark plug of internal combustion engine having an earth electrode having an exposed side surface on a projecting part 有权
    具有在突出部分上具有暴露侧表面的接地电极的内燃机的火花塞

    公开(公告)号:US08704435B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-04-22

    申请号:US13540701

    申请日:2012-07-03

    IPC分类号: H01T13/32 H01T13/39

    CPC分类号: H01T13/39 H01T13/32

    摘要: A spark plug has a cylindrical housing case, a cylindrical glass insulator, a center electrode, and an earth electrode fixed to the cylindrical housing case. The earth electrode has a projected part which is projected toward the center electrode. The projected part has a facing surface which faces the center electrode and is most close to the center electrode in a spark discharge gap. This gap is formed between the center electrode and the earth electrode. The facing surface is covered with a plating layer. A base material, with which the earth electrode is made, is exposed on a side surface of the projected part around the facing surface of the projected part. The base material of the earth electrode is made of Ni alloy containing not less than 90 wt % Ni, and preferably, Ni within a range of 90 wt % to 98 wt %.

    摘要翻译: 火花塞具有圆柱形壳体,圆柱形玻璃绝缘体,中心电极和固定到圆柱形壳体的接地电极。 接地电极具有向中心电极突出的突出部分。 投影部分具有面对中心电极并且在火花放电间隙中最接近中心电极的面对表面。 该间隙形成在中心电极和接地电极之间。 面对表面被镀层覆盖。 制造接地电极的基材在突出部分的相对表面周围的侧面上露出。 接地电极的基材由含有不小于90重量%Ni,优选Ni在90重量%至98重量%的范围内的Ni合金制成。

    Method for manufacturing spark plug for internal-combustion engine
    10.
    发明授权
    Method for manufacturing spark plug for internal-combustion engine 有权
    内燃机火花塞的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US08398447B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-03-19

    申请号:US13437171

    申请日:2012-04-02

    IPC分类号: H01T21/02 H01T13/20

    CPC分类号: H01T21/06 H01T13/32

    摘要: A method of manufacturing a spark plug having an attachment fitting 2, an insulator 3, a center electrode 4 and an earth electrode 5. While fixed to attachment fitting 2, earth electrode 5 has a convex part 510 formed by projecting a part of an opposed surface 51 toward center electrode 4, and a concave part 520 formed toward the opposed surface 51 from the earth electrode's back surface 52. The convex part 510 is disposed so that the extension of a shaft center of the convex part 510 passes through the area in which the concave part 520 is formed. The relation S1>=s is realized when an area of an opening of the concave part 520 is set to S1 and an average cross-section area of a cross section of the convex part 510 perpendicular to an axial direction of the spark plug is set to s.

    摘要翻译: 一种制造具有附件2,绝缘体3,中心电极4和接地电极5的火花塞的方法。接地电极5固定在安装配件2上,具有凸部510, 表面51朝向中心电极4,以及从接地电极的背面52朝向相对面51形成的凹部520.凸部510设置成使得凸部510的轴心的延伸通过 凹部520形成。 当凹部520的开口面积设定为S1,并且凸部510的与火花塞的轴向垂直的截面的平均截面积被设定时,实现关系S1> = s 到了