摘要:
A redundant power supply circuit in a vehicle electronic control system has a main circuit and a backup circuit which each use a battery source as its primary source, and the main circuit outputs a control signal for activating the backup circuit. A motor driving circuit includes a main monitoring circuit for determining a failure in a main driving circuit for driving a motor, and outputting an abnormal state signal when determining the failure; and a backup driving circuit for outputting a driving signal for driving the motor when receiving the abnormal state signal. In another motor driving circuit, when the motor is driven, the motor is energized through first and second control circuit, each of which can output a signal for driving the motor. When it is determined that the energization is not performed through one of the control circuits, the other control circuit is selected.
摘要:
A process for producing an arylamine is provided which is characterized by reacting an aromatic halogen compound with an aromatic amine in the presence of an organic salt selected from specific pyridinium salts, imidazolium salts and quaternary onium salts, a copper catalyst, and a base. Thus, the reaction of even an aromatic halogen compound substituted by an electron-donating group proceeds efficiently, and an inexpensive chlorinated aromatic compound or brominated aromatic compound is usable, and an arylamine, in particular a triarylamine or diarylamine, having a high purity can be produced at low cost.
摘要:
The manufacturing time of a mask is shortened. In a defect inspection of a mask having a light-shielding portion composed of a resist film, the presence or absence of defects, such as burr and film loss of a resist pattern on the mask, and foreign matters, etc. is inspected by reading optical information on either or both of reflection light and transmission light with respect to inspection light irradiated to the mask by the use of a foreign-matter inspection system. More specifically, in the inspection of the mask, it is possible to perform the defect inspection without performing a comparison inspection that requires a great amount of measuring time and advanced techniques. Therefore, the inspecting process of the mask can be simplified, and also the inspecting time of the mask can be shortened.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a toner polymer which comprises the steps of carrying out suspension polymerization of a monomer having a polymerizable vinyl group in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol as a dispersant, and then conducting oxidative decomposition of polyvinyl alcohol anchored to polymer particles obtained by suspension polymerization.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a tool holder for adapting a tool to be measured in a measuring arrangement. Such tool holder can, for example, include a spindle or an adapter of a tool presetter to be inserted in such spindle. Furthermore, this invention refers to a measuring arrangement for measuring of tools as well as a method for calibration of such measuring arrangement to a zero-point of the tool.
摘要:
A ceramic heat exchanger includes a heat exchange section that heat-exchanges between two fluids A and B flowing opposite directions to each other. The heat exchange section includes ceramic blocks stacked one on top of another with a seal therebetween. The ceramic blocks have a plurality of parallel lines of flow channels, each line defined by the flow channels through which the same fluid flows, any two adjacent lines being defined by the flow channels through which the different fluids A and B flow respectively. Both ends in the stacking direction of the stack are bound to join and integrate the ceramic blocks with tightening means including end plates and a tie rod. A thermal expansion absorber is disposed on an external surface of the end plates for absorbing thermal expansion in the axial direction of the tie rod.
摘要:
A mask fabrication time is shortened. By patterning an electron-sensitive resist film coated on a main surface of a mask substrate, a pellicle is mounted on the main surface of the mask substrate immediately after a resist pattern made from an electron beam sensitive resist film and having light-shielding characteristics with respect to exposure light is formed. Subsequently, by irradiating a laser beam to defect made from the electron beam sensitive resist film with the pellicle being mounted on the mask substrate, the defect is removed. Since the defect can be removed without removing the pellicle, the mask fabrication time can be shortened.
摘要:
A method for preparing a clear under coat on a concrete substrate by applying onto a coating composition comprising a solvent type synthetic resin varnish and organic or inorganic pigment microparticles having an average diameter of 5 .mu. or less uniformly dispersed in the varnish in an amount which is enough to give a pigment volume concentration of 5 to 50, the difference in mean refractive index of the microparticles and synthetic resin being 0.01-0.40.
摘要:
Disclosed is a crosslinked polyester resin comprised of, based on the total acid units, (a) 1 to 30 mole % of units of a trihydric or higher alcohol or units of a trivalent or higher carboxylic acid, (b) 1 to 60 mole % of units of an alicyclic diol in which at least one alcohol component is a secondary alcohol, (c) 40 to 100 mole % of units of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and (d) 40 to 99 mole % of units of a non-alicyclic diol, wherein the acid value is 0.5 to 25 mg-KOH/g, the glass transition temperature is 50.degree. to 80.degree. C., the softening temperature is not higher than 145.degree. C., the fixing-possible temperature covers a range of at least 30.degree. C., and the difference between the softening temperature and the glass transition temperature is not larger than 75.degree. C. The crosslinked polyester is used for toner for electrostatic recording.