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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5865980A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US883061
申请日：1997-06-26
摘要： An inert electrode material is made by reacting at an elevated temperature a mixture preferably comprising iron oxide, at least one other metal oxide, copper and silver. The reaction produces a material having ceramic phase portions and alloy phase portions, wherein the alloy phase portions have copper-rich interior portions and silver-rich exterior portions. Inert anodes made with a reaction mixture containing copper and silver have lower wear rates than inert anodes made with copper and no silver.
摘要翻译： 通过在升高的温度下使优选包含氧化铁，至少一种其它金属氧化物，铜和银的混合物反应制成惰性电极材料。 反应产生具有陶瓷相部分和合金相部分的材料，其中合金相部分具有富含铜的内部部分和富含银的外部部分。 用含有铜和银的反应混合物制成的惰性阳极比用铜和不含银制成的惰性阳极具有较低的磨损率。
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公开(公告)号：US06332969B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-25
申请号：US09621728
申请日：2000-07-24
IPC分类号： C25B102
CPC分类号： C25C3/12 , B22F1/025 , B22F2998/00 , C22C29/12 , C25C7/02 , C25C7/025 , C22C1/0466 , C22C1/0491
摘要： A cermet composite material is made by treating at an elevated temperature a mixture comprising a compound of iron and a compound of at least one other metal, together with an alloy or mixture of copper and a noble metal. The alloy or mixture preferably comprises particles having an interior portion containing more copper than noble metal and an exterior portion containing more noble metal than copper. The noble metal is preferably silver. The cermet composite material preferably includes alloy phase portions and a ceramic phase portion. At least part of the ceramic phase portion preferably has a spinel structure.
摘要翻译： 通过在升高的温度下处理包含铁化合物和至少一种其它金属的化合物的混合物以及铜和贵金属的合金或混合物来制备金属陶瓷复合材料。 合金或混合物优选包括具有比贵金属含有更多铜的内部部分和比铜更贵贵金属的外部部分的颗粒。 贵金属优选为银。 金属陶瓷复合材料优选包括合金相部分和陶瓷相部分。 陶瓷相部分的至少一部分优选具有尖晶石结构。
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公开(公告)号：US6126799A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US241518
申请日：1999-02-01
摘要： A cermet composite material is made by treating at an elevated temperature a mixture comprising a compound of iron and a compound of at least one other metal, together with an alloy or mixture of copper and a noble metal. The alloy or mixture preferably comprises particles having an interior portion containing more copper than noble metal and an exterior portion containing more noble metal than copper. The noble metal is preferably silver. The cermet composite material preferably includes alloy phase portions and a ceramic phase portion. At least part of the ceramic phase portion preferably has a spinel structure.
摘要翻译： 通过在升高的温度下处理包含铁化合物和至少一种其它金属的化合物的混合物以及铜和贵金属的合金或混合物来制备金属陶瓷复合材料。 合金或混合物优选包括具有比贵金属含有更多铜的内部部分和比铜更贵贵金属的外部部分的颗粒。 贵金属优选为银。 金属陶瓷复合材料优选包括合金相部分和陶瓷相部分。 陶瓷相部分的至少一部分优选具有尖晶石结构。
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4.发明授权Reduced temperature aluminum production in an electrolytic cell having an inert anode 失效在具有惰性阳极的电解池中降低铝的生产
公开(公告)号：US6030518A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US926530
申请日：1997-09-10
CPC分类号： C25C7/025 , C25C3/06 , C25C3/12 , B22F2998/00
摘要： Aluminum is produced by electrolytic reduction of alumina in a cell having a cathode, an inert anode and a molten salt bath containing metal fluorides and alumina. The inert anode preferably contains copper, silver and oxides of iron and nickel. Reducing the molten salt bath temperature to about 900-950.degree. C. lowers corrosion on the inert anode constituents.
摘要翻译： 通过在具有阴极，惰性阳极和含有金属氟化物和氧化铝的熔融盐浴的电池中电解还原氧化铝来制造铝。 惰性阳极优选含有铜，银和铁和镍的氧化物。 将熔盐浴温度降低至约900-950℃，降低惰性阳极组分的腐蚀。
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公开(公告)号：US5938914A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US934252
申请日：1997-09-19
摘要： An electrolytic cell for reduction of a metal oxide to a metal and oxygen has an inert anode and an upwardly angled roof covering the inert mode. The angled roof diverts oxygen bubbles into an upcomer channel, thereby agitating a molten salt bath in the upcomer channel and improving dissolution of a metal oxide in the molten salt bath. The molten salt bath has a lower velocity adjacent the inert anode in order to minimize corrosion by substances in the bath. A particularly preferred cell produces aluminum by electrolysis of alumina in a molten salt bath containing aluminum fluoride and sodium fluoride.
摘要翻译： 用于将金属氧化物还原成金属和氧的电解池具有惰性阳极和覆盖惰性模式的向上倾斜的屋顶。 倾斜的屋顶将氧气泡转移到升液通道中，从而搅动升高通道中的熔融盐浴，并改善金属氧化物在熔融盐浴中的溶解。 熔融盐浴在惰性阳极附近具有较低的速度，以便最小化浴中物质的腐蚀。 特别优选的电池通过在含有氟化铝和氟化钠的熔融盐浴中电解氧化铝来生产铝。
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公开(公告)号：US4312846A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-26
申请号：US185611
申请日：1980-09-09
申请人： Robert K. Dawless
发明人： Robert K. Dawless
IPC分类号： C01B33/037 , B01D9/00 , C01B33/02
CPC分类号： C01B33/037
摘要： A method for purifying silicon comprises the steps of providing a body of molten silicon-rich material in a vessel having an upwardly removable first bottom therein and extracting heat therefrom to provide a solid phase containing silicon in crystal form and to concentrate impurities in a molten phase. After a desired amount of heat has been extracted, a substantial part of the molten phase is separated from the solid phase. A fraction or portion of the solid phase is remelted for purposes of removing solvent metal, including impurities, from the crystals, and at least one fraction of the remelted material is separated from the crystals. The crystals are removed from the vessel by upwardly withdrawing the removable bottom.
摘要翻译： 一种用于纯化硅的方法包括以下步骤：在容器中提供熔融的富硅材料体，其中具有向上可拆卸的第一底部，并从中提取热量以提供含有晶体形式的硅的固相并将杂质浓缩在熔融相中 。 在提取了所需量的热量之后，大部分熔融相与固相分离。 为了从晶体中除去溶剂金属（包括杂质）的目的，将固相的一部分或部分重熔，并将至少一部分重熔材料与晶体分离。 通过向上抽出可移除的底部将晶体从容器中取出。
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公开(公告)号：US4273627A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-16
申请号：US107138
申请日：1979-12-26
摘要： A process for purifying impure aluminum comprises introducing the impure aluminum to the anode layer of an electrolytic cell of the type having a bottom layer of molten aluminum-copper alloy constituting the anode layer and having a top layer of molten aluminum constituting a cathode layer, the cathode and anode layers separated by an electrolyte layer. Aluminum is electrolytically transported from the anode to the cathode in a first purification step and then treated with a carbonaceous material to remove magnesium therefrom. Thereafter, the treated portion is fractionally crystallized to remove further impurities therefrom by crystallizing pure aluminum and separating the molten remaining part, which is high in impurities, from the purified aluminum. The impure molten aluminum portion is then recycled back to the electrolytic cell or to another fractional crystallization step.
摘要翻译： 纯化不纯铝的方法包括将不纯铝引入构成阳极层的具有熔融铝 - 铜合金底层的电解池的阳极层，并且具有构成阴极层的熔融铝的顶层， 由电解质层分隔的阴极和阳极层。 在第一纯化步骤中将铝从阳极电解输送到阴极，然后用碳质材料处理以从其中除去镁。 此后，将经处理的部分分级结晶以通过使纯铝结晶除去其他杂质，并从纯化的铝中分离出杂质高的熔融剩余部分。 然后将不纯的熔融铝部分再循环回到电解槽或另一分步结晶步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US5071523A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US421017
申请日：1989-10-13
摘要： The present invention provides a process for purifying aluminum and lithium including recovering aluminum and lithium through layered electrolysis through a lithium transport cell to form purified lithium metal and residual aluminum and purifying the residual aluminum through a second stage layered electrolysis through a second stage lithium transport cell to form purified aluminum metal. In one aspect, the process provides the second stage step for purifying the residual aluminum by chlorinating the residual aluminum to form a purified aluminum.In one aspect, layered electrolysis is provided by a three-layered electrolysis cell including an end layer of molten aluminum-lithium alloy, a middle layer of molten salt electrolyte, and an opposite end layer of molten lithium.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种纯化铝和锂的方法，包括通过锂传输电池的层状电解回收铝和锂，以形成纯化的锂金属和残留的铝，并通过第二级的锂电池进行第二级层状电解，从而净化残留的铝 以形成纯化的铝金属。 在一个方面，该方法提供了通过氯化残留的铝以形成纯化的铝来净化残余的铝的第二阶段步骤。 一方面，层状电解由包括熔融铝锂合金的端层，熔融盐电解质的中间层和熔融锂的相对端层的三层电解槽提供。
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公开(公告)号：US4246249A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-20
申请号：US42016
申请日：1979-05-24
申请人： Robert K. Dawless
发明人： Robert K. Dawless
CPC分类号： C01B33/02
摘要： A method for purifying silicon comprises the steps of providing a body of molten silicon-rich material and extracting heat therefrom to provide a solid phase containing silicon in crystal form and to concentrate impurities in a molten phase. After a desired amount of heat has been extracted, a substantial part of the molten phase is separated from the solid phase. A fraction or portion of the solid phase is remelted for purposes of removing solvent metal, including impurities, from the crystals, and at least one fraction of the remelted material is separated from the crystals.
摘要翻译： 一种纯化硅的方法包括以下步骤：提供熔融富硅材料体并从中提取热量，以提供含有晶体形式的硅的固相并将杂质浓缩在熔融相中。 在提取了所需量的热量之后，大部分熔融相与固相分离。 为了从晶体中除去溶剂金属（包括杂质）的目的，将固相的一部分或部分重熔，并将至少一部分重熔材料与晶体分离。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4822585A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US374931
申请日：1982-05-05
申请人： Robert K. Dawless
发明人： Robert K. Dawless
IPC分类号： C01B33/037 , B01D9/00
CPC分类号： C01B33/037
摘要： A method for purifying silicon comprises the steps of providing a body of molten silicon-rich material in a solvent metal comprising copper or copper-aluminum combination and extracting heat therefrom to provide a solid phase containing silicon in crystal form and to concentrate impurities in a molten phase. After a desired amount of heat has been extracted, a substantial part of the molten phase is separated from the solid phase. A fraction or portion of the solid phase is remelted for purposes of removing solvent metal comprising copper or copper-aluminum solvent metal, including impurities, from the crystals, and at least one fraction of the remelted material is separated from the crystals.
摘要翻译： 一种纯化硅的方法包括以下步骤：在包含铜或铜 - 铝组合的溶剂金属中提供熔融富硅材料体，并从中提取热量以提供含有晶体形式的硅的固相并将杂质浓缩在熔融 相。 在提取了所需量的热量之后，大部分熔融相与固相分离。 为了从晶体中除去包含铜或铜 - 铝溶剂金属（包括杂质）的溶剂金属，并且将至少一部分重熔材料与晶体分离，重熔一部分固相。
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