公开(公告)号：US07994997B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-09

申请号：US12163091

申请日：2008-06-27

申请人： Stan W. Livingston ,  Jar J. Lee ,  Dennis Nagata

发明人： Stan W. Livingston ,  Jar J. Lee ,  Dennis Nagata

IPC分类号： H01Q13/10

CPC分类号： H01Q13/10 ,  H01Q21/0075 ,  H01Q21/064

摘要： In one embodiment, a wide bandwidth, reduced depth transmit/receive antenna array includes unit cells having continuous slots, a transceiver, unbalanced feeds, impedance transformers, and exciters. The continuous slots are formed in a conductive antenna plane, and the transceiver generates and/or receives electrical signals. The unbalanced feeds may be electrically connected between the transceiver and impedance transformers which match the impedance between feed lines and the exciter. They may be located in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the radiation, and also may be arranged between the conductive antenna plane and a backplane. The exciter spans a continuous slot, and emits and/or receives radiation from the slot. The antenna array is capable of operating without a radome or balun.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，宽带宽，深度减小的发射/接收天线阵列包括具有连续时隙的单元小区，收发机，不平衡馈电，阻抗变换器和激励器。 连续槽形成在导电天线平面中，并且收发器产生和/或接收电信号。 不平衡馈电可以电连接在收发器和阻抗变压器之间，匹配馈电线和励磁器之间的阻抗。 它们可以位于垂直于辐射传播方向的平面中，并且还可以布置在导电天线平面和背板之间。 激励器跨越一个连续的槽，并发射和/或接收来自槽的辐射。 天线阵列能够​​在没有天线罩或平衡 - 不平衡变换器的情况下运行。

公开(公告)号：US07532170B1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-12

申请号：US09771300

申请日：2001-01-25

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q1/48 ,  H01Q15/14

CPC分类号： H01Q1/281 ,  H01Q1/286 ,  H01Q15/006 ,  H01Q21/067

摘要： A conformal end-fire antenna with a high impedance ground surface structure and an array of radiating elements formed thereon. The ground surface structure includes an array of metal protrusions on a electrically conductive sheet, the metal protrusions arranged in a two-dimensional lattice. The ground surface structure acts as a magnetic surface at an RF frequency band of interest, functioning as an electrical short at DC, and as a mirror which reflects an RF field in the frequency band with virtually no phase reversal.

摘要翻译： 具有高阻抗地表面结构和形成在其上的辐射元件阵列的共形终端天线。 地表结构包括在导电片上的金属突起阵列，金属突起以二维晶格布置。 地表面结构充当感兴趣的RF频带处的磁性表面，用作DC的电短路，并且作为在几乎没有反相的频带中反射RF场的反射镜。

公开(公告)号：US06404377B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09703078

申请日：2000-10-31

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： G01S702

CPC分类号： H01Q21/064 ,  G01S7/025 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q3/2682 ,  H01Q13/085 ,  H01Q21/24

摘要： A low cost array with wide band elements interleaved into an “egg-crate” structure. The radiating elements are flared notch radiators. Good impedance match over a wide band was achieved by feeding each element with a tapered quasi-TEM slot line, which transforms a 50-ohm input impedance to a 120-ohm radiation impedance. The radiating elements are fed by a true time delay beam-forming network to ensure that the main beam points.

摘要翻译： 具有宽带元素的低成本阵列交错成“蛋箱”结构。 辐射元件是喇叭口的散热器。 通过向每个元件馈送锥形准TEM槽线来实现宽带上的良好阻抗匹配，其将50欧姆输入阻抗转换为120欧姆的辐射阻抗。 辐射元件由真实的时间延迟波束形成网络馈送，以确保主波束点。

公开(公告)号：US20110221644A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-15

申请号：US12722397

申请日：2010-03-11

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Fangchou Yang ,  Stan W. Livingston ,  Jeffrey B. Weber

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Fangchou Yang ,  Stan W. Livingston ,  Jeffrey B. Weber

IPC分类号： H01Q13/10 ,  H01Q21/00

CPC分类号： H01Q9/0421 ,  H01Q19/005 ,  H01Q21/061

摘要： A dual-patch antenna includes a ground plane, a first patch plate parallel to and separated from the ground plane by a separation distance, and a second patch plate separated from the ground plane by the separation distance. The first and second patch plates are coplanar and separated by a radiating slot. An excitation probe isolatedly passes through the ground plane and connects to the first patch plate. A first wall connects an edge of the first patch plate to the ground plane. The first wall is located approximately ¼ wavelength of a mid-band operating frequency from the radiating slot. A second wall connects an edge of the second patch plate to the ground plane. The second wall is located approximately ¼ wavelength of the mid-band operating frequency from the radiating slot. The dual-patch antennas may be organized in an array.

摘要翻译： 双拼接天线包括接地平面，与接地平面平行并与之分开的间隔距离的第一拼接板和与接地平面隔开间隔距离的第二拼接板。 第一和第二贴片板共面并由辐射槽隔开。 激发探头隔离通过接地平面并连接到第一个贴片板。 第一壁将第一贴片板的边缘连接到接地平面。 第一个墙壁距离辐射槽位于中频带工作频率的大约1/4波长处。 第二壁将第二贴片的边缘连接到接地平面。 第二个墙壁距辐射槽位于中频带工作频率的大约1/4波长处。 双层天线可以组织成阵列。

公开(公告)号：US06388631B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09811934

申请日：2001-03-19

申请人： Stan W. Livingston ,  Jar J. Lee ,  James H. Schaffner ,  Robert Y. Loo

发明人： Stan W. Livingston ,  Jar J. Lee ,  James H. Schaffner ,  Robert Y. Loo

IPC分类号： H01Q1310

CPC分类号： H01Q13/10 ,  H01Q3/24 ,  H01Q21/064 ,  H01Q21/22

摘要： A reconfigurable wide band phased array antenna for generating multiple antenna beams for multiple transmit and receive functions. The antenna array comprises multiple long non-resonant TEM slot antenna apertures with RF MEMS switches disposed within the slots. The RF MEMS switches are positioned directly within the feed lines across the slots to directly control the coupling of RF energy to the slots. Multiple RF MEMS switches are used within each slot, which allows multiple transmit/receive functions and/or multiple frequencies to be supported by each slot. The frequency coverage provided by the slot antenna has a greater than 10:1 frequency range.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生多个发射和接收功能的多个天线波束的可重构宽带相控阵天线。 天线阵列包括多个长非谐振TEM缝隙天线孔径，RF MEMS开关设置在槽内。 射频MEMS开关直接位于插槽的馈电线内，以直接控制RF能量与插槽的耦合。 在每个时隙内使用多个RF MEMS开关，这允许每个时隙支持多个发射/接收功能和/或多个频率。 缝隙天线提供的频率覆盖范围大于10：1。

公开(公告)号：US5894288A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-13

申请号：US907522

申请日：1997-08-08

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q13/08 ,  H01Q21/06 ,  H01Q21/29 ,  H01Q13/10

CPC分类号： H01Q21/29 ,  H01Q13/085 ,  H01Q21/067

摘要： A wideband end-fire array including columns or sub-arrays of flared notch radiating elements spaced along an end-fire axis and fed by a true-time-delay corporate feed network. The feed network includes a corporate feed manifold and a plurality of cables connected between a respective manifold port and a balun comprising a corresponding radiating element. The plurality of cables have corresponding electrical line lengths adapted to provide progressive time delays to signals carried between the radiating elements and the feed manifold so as to equalize the time delays due to spacing of the elements along the axis.

摘要翻译： 宽带端射阵列，包括沿端射轴轴向间隔开并由真实时间延迟的公共馈电网络供电的扩口陷波辐射元件的列或子阵列。 进料网络包括公司进料歧管和连接在相应的歧管端口和包括相应的辐射元件的平衡 - 不平衡变换器之间的多个电缆。 多个电缆具有对应的电线长度，其适于对辐射元件和馈送歧管之间承载的信号提供渐进的时间延迟，以便均衡由于元件沿轴线的间隔所引起的时间延迟。

公开(公告)号：US5428364A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US65130

申请日：1993-05-20

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q13/08 ,  H01Q13/10

CPC分类号： H01Q13/08

摘要： A wideband radiating element including an input mechanism for receiving electromagnetic energy from a source and a balanced feeding mechanism extending from the input mechanism for transmitting the electromagnetic energy and for providing impedance matching over a range of frequencies. Finally, a dipole mechanism extending from the balanced feeding mechanism is provided for radiating the electromagnetic energy where the dipole mechanism has a shape to provide wide bandwidth impedance matching. In a preferred embodiment, an input mounting block is connected to the two opposing sides of a planar dielectric substrate. A balanced narrow conductor slot line extends from the input mounting block on both sides of the dielectric substrate to transmit the electromagnetic energy and to provide impedance matching over a frequency range of (0.5 to 18) GHz. The narrow conductor slot line is tapered to match the radiation resistance of a dipole element utilized to radiate the electromagnetic energy. The dipole element extends from the balanced narrow conductor slot line on both sides of the dielectric substrate with each wing having an expanded width for accommodating surface current of various distributions over the frequency range. The dipole element also includes an inner taper for radiating energy over the frequency range with the position of the dipole element relative to a ground plane being optimized to minimize radiation reflection.

摘要翻译： 一种宽带辐射元件，包括用于从源接收电磁能的输入机构和从输入机构延伸的平衡进给机构，用于传输电磁能并用于在频率范围内提供阻抗匹配。 最后，提供从平衡进给机构延伸的偶极机构，用于辐射电磁能，其中偶极子机构具有形状以提供宽带阻抗匹配。 在优选实施例中，输入安装块连接到平面电介质基板的两个相对侧。 平衡的窄导体插槽线从介质衬底的两侧的输入安装块延伸，以传输电磁能量并在（0.5至18）GHz的频率范围内提供阻抗匹配。 窄导体槽线是锥形的，以匹配用于辐射电磁能的偶极子元件的辐射电阻。 偶极元件从电介质基板的两侧上的平衡窄导体槽线延伸，每个翼具有扩展的宽度，用于容纳在频率范围上的各种分布的表面电流。 偶极元件还包括用于在频率范围内辐射能量的内锥形，其中偶极元件相对于接地平面的位置被优化以最小化辐射反射。

公开(公告)号：US20090128430A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-21

申请号：US09771300

申请日：2001-01-25

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q1/36 ,  H01Q1/48 ,  H01Q1/50

CPC分类号： H01Q1/281 ,  H01Q1/286 ,  H01Q15/006 ,  H01Q21/067

摘要： A conformal end-fire antenna with a high impedance ground surface structure and an array of radiating elements formed thereon. The ground surface structure includes an array of metal protrusions on a electrically conductive sheet, the metal protrusions arranged in a two-dimensional lattice. The ground surface structure acts as a magnetic surface at an RF frequency band of interest, functioning as an electrical short at DC, and as a mirror which reflects an RF field in the frequency band with virtually no phase reversal.

摘要翻译： 具有高阻抗地表面结构和形成在其上的辐射元件阵列的共形终端天线。 地表结构包括在导电片上的金属突起阵列，金属突起以二维晶格布置。 地表面结构充当感兴趣的RF频带处的磁性表面，用作DC的电短路，并且作为在几乎没有反相的频带中反射RF场的反射镜。

公开(公告)号：US5600286A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-04

申请号：US315008

申请日：1994-09-29

申请人： Stan W. Livingston ,  Jar J. Lee

发明人： Stan W. Livingston ,  Jar J. Lee

IPC分类号： H01P5/08 ,  H01P5/107

CPC分类号： H01P5/08

摘要： A transmission line-to-waveguide transition that includes a microstrip impedance transformer for matching the impedance of an input transmission line to that of a flared slotline is disclosed. The slotline's width is sufficiently small such that when the transition is inserted into a waveguide the slotline is spaced inward from the waveguide's inner walls. A balun bi-directionally couples the unbalanced signal on the microstrip to a balanced signal on the slotline. The signal propagates along the slotline and is capacitively coupled to the waveguide. A trimmable tuning stub is used to adjust the resonant frequency of a parasitic cavity formed between the transition and the waveguide to increase the transition's effective bandwidth. A tapered dielectric insert is positioned inside the waveguide to decrease its size and to improve the coupling efficiency of the transition.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括用于将输入传输线的阻抗与扩口槽线的阻抗匹配的微带阻抗变换器的传输线到波导转变。 槽槽的宽度足够小，使得当过渡件插入波导时，槽线从波导的内壁向内间隔开。 平衡 - 不平衡变压器将微带上的不平衡信号双向耦合到槽线上的平衡信号。 信号沿着槽线传播并且电容耦合到波导。 可调谐调谐短线用于调整形成在转换和波导之间的寄生空腔的谐振频率，以增加转换的有效带宽。 锥形电介质插入件位于波导内部以减小其尺寸并提高过渡的耦合效率。

公开(公告)号：US5493304A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-20

申请号：US315007

申请日：1994-09-29

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston ,  Irwin L. Newberg

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston ,  Irwin L. Newberg

IPC分类号： G01S7/40 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q3/00 ,  H01Q3/22

CPC分类号： G01S7/4052 ,  H01Q3/267 ,  G01S2007/4091 ,  G01S2007/4095

摘要： A calibration and diagnostic system and method for evaluating the performance of a wide band array utilizing a true-time-delay beamforming network. A short pulse typically on the order of a 2 nanoseconds is synthesized by transmission of a large number of discrete, equally spaced frequencies over the bandwidth over a short period of time, during which the system response (amplitude and phase) is measured and stored in a computer. The collected data is then transformed into the time domain to demonstrate the range resolution of the system. By signal injection with a built-in calibration system, the setting of each programmable delay line of the array can be calibrated. A fiber-optic test set is used as a transponder in the far field to perform complete end-to-end tests of the array system.

摘要翻译： 一种用于利用真实时间延迟波束成形网络评估宽带阵列的性能的校准和诊断系统和方法。 通常在短时间内通过在带宽上传输大量离散的等间隔的频率来合成通常在2纳秒级的短脉冲，在此期间系统响应（振幅和相位）被测量并存储在 一台电脑。 然后将收集的数据转换为时域，以演示系统的范围分辨率。 通过内置校准系统的信号注入，可以校准阵列的每个可编程延迟线的设置。 光纤测试仪被用作远场中的应答器，以对阵列系统执行完整的端到端测试。