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    System and method for conditionally updating an item with attribute granularity
    1.
    发明授权
    System and method for conditionally updating an item with attribute granularity 有权
    用于有条件地更新属性粒度的项目的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08601000B1

    公开(公告)日：2013-12-03

    申请号：US13169995

    申请日：2011-06-27

    申请人： Stefano Stefani ,  Chiranjeeb Buragohain ,  Jai Vasanth ,  Wei Xiao

    发明人： Stefano Stefani ,  Chiranjeeb Buragohain ,  Jai Vasanth ,  Wei Xiao

    IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30371 ,  G06F17/30002 ,  G06F17/30345 ,  G06F17/30365 ,  G06F17/30584

    摘要： A system that implements a scaleable data storage service may maintain tables in a non-relational data store on behalf of clients. Each table may include multiple items. Each item may include one or more attributes, each containing a name-value pair. Attribute values may be scalars or sets of numbers or strings. The system may provide an API usable to request that values of one or more of an item's attributes be updated. An update request may be conditional on expected values of one or more item attributes (e.g., the same or different item attributes). In response to a request to update the values of one or more item attributes, the previous values and/or updated values may be optionally returned for the updated item attributes or for all attributes of an item targeted by an update request. Items stored in tables may be indexed using a simple or composite primary key.

    摘要翻译： 实现可扩展数据存储服务的系统可以代表客户端在非关系数据存储中维护表。 每个表可以包括多个项目。 每个项目可以包括一个或多个属性，每个属性包含名称 - 值对。 属性值可以是标量或数字或字符串集合。 系统可以提供可用于请求更新项目属性中的一个或多个的值的API。 更新请求可以以一个或多个项目属性（例如，相同或不同的项目属性）的预期值为条件。 响应于更新一个或多个项目属性的值的请求，可以可选地为更新的项目属性或由更新请求定向的项目的所有属性返回先前值和/或更新的值。 存储在表中的项目可以使用简单或复合主键进行索引。

    System and method for performing live partitioning in a data store
    3.
    发明授权
    System and method for performing live partitioning in a data store 有权
    在数据存储中执行实时分区的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US09052831B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-06-09

    申请号：US13174295

    申请日：2011-06-30

    申请人： Stefano Stefani ,  Timothy Andrew Rath ,  Chiranjeeb Buragahain ,  Yan V. Leshinsky ,  David A. Lutz ,  Jakub Kulesza ,  Wei Xiao ,  Jai Vasanth

    发明人： Stefano Stefani ,  Timothy Andrew Rath ,  Chiranjeeb Buragahain ,  Yan V. Leshinsky ,  David A. Lutz ,  Jakub Kulesza ,  Wei Xiao ,  Jai Vasanth

    IPC分类号： G06F12/06 ,  G06F3/06

    CPC分类号： G06F3/0619 ,  G06F3/0644 ,  G06F3/065 ,  G06F3/067 ,  G06F17/30584

    摘要： A system that implements a scalable data storage service may maintain tables in a data store on behalf of storage service clients. The service may maintain table data in multiple replicas of partitions that are stored on respective computing nodes in the system. In response to detecting an anomaly in the system, detecting a change in data volume on a partition or service request traffic directed to a partition, or receiving a service request from a client to split a partition, the data storage service may create additional copies of a partition replica using a physical copy mechanism. The data storage service may issue a split command defined in an API for the data store to divide the original and additional replicas into multiple replica groups, and to configure each replica group to maintain a respective portion of the table data that was stored in the partition before the split.

    摘要翻译： 实现可扩展数据存储服务的系统可以代表存储服务客户端来维护数据存储中的表。 该服务可以在存储在系统中的相应计算节点上的分区的多个副本中维护表数据。 响应于检测到系统中的异常，检测指向分区的分区或服务请求流量上的数据量的变化，或者从客户端接收分割分区的服务请求，数据存储服务可以创建附加副本 使用物理复制机制的分区副本。 数据存储服务可以发布在数据存储的API中定义的分割命令，以将原始和附加副本划分为多个副本组，并配置每个副本组以维护存储在分区中的表数据的相应部分 分裂之前。

    Systems and methods for avoiding database anomalies when maintaining constraints and indexes in presence of snapshot isolation
    6.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for avoiding database anomalies when maintaining constraints and indexes in presence of snapshot isolation 有权
    在存在快照隔离的情况下维护约束和索引时避免数据库异常的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07653665B1

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-26

    申请号：US10940891

    申请日：2004-09-13

    申请人： Stefano Stefani ,  Wei Xiao

    发明人： Stefano Stefani ,  Wei Xiao

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30362 ,  G06F17/30371

    摘要： A system and method avoids anomalies in presence of data manipulation language (DML) plans maintaining dependent objects and snapshot isolation. An anomaly due to using a snapshot isolation level within the transaction is detected within a database transaction and the transaction is aborted based upon that detection. Involved in making the anomaly detection is determining whether a view of particular data accessed during the transaction under a snapshot isolation view to ensure read consistency differs from a view of the data under another isolation level, such as the read committed isolation level. Then a detection is made that an anomaly may occur if it is determined that the view of the data accessed during the transaction under the snapshot isolation differs from the view of the data under the other isolation level. Such anomaly avoidance prevents an indexed view being maintained nor a referential integrity constraint validated based on incorrect data.

    摘要翻译： 一种系统和方法可以避免在存在数据操作语言（DML）计划的情况下维护依赖对象和快照隔离。 在数据库事务中检测到由于在事务中使用快照隔离级别引起的异常，并且基于该检测中止事务。 涉及使异常检测是确定在快照隔离视图下的事务期间访问的特定数据的视图，以确保读取一致性与另一个隔离级别（例如读提交的隔离级别）下的数据视图不同。 然后，如果确定在快照隔离期间的事务期间访问的数据的视图与另一隔离级别下的数据的视图不同，则检测到可能发生异常。 这种异常避免会阻止索引视图被维护，也不会根据不正确的数据验证引用完整性约束。

    Reducing update conflicts when maintaining views
    7.
    发明授权
    Reducing update conflicts when maintaining views 有权
    维护视图时减少更新冲突

    公开(公告)号：US09483525B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-01

    申请号：US11796865

    申请日：2007-04-30

    申请人： Tengiz Kharatishvili ,  Wei Xiao ,  Stefano Stefani

    发明人： Tengiz Kharatishvili ,  Wei Xiao ,  Stefano Stefani

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30377 ,  G06F17/30339 ,  G06F17/30371 ,  G06F17/30457 ,  G06F17/30477

    摘要： Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to reducing update conflicts when maintaining views. In aspects, a transaction in snapshot isolation may update a materialized view. Instead of being able to view the update within the transaction, the update is hidden to prevent the transaction from obtaining inconsistent data. When a transaction is not supposed to see an update to a materialized view that occurs within the transaction, additional information associated with the materialized view may indicate this. When a query of the materialized view is made within the transaction, the query engine may use the additional information to exclude data from the update in the result.

    摘要翻译： 本文描述的主题的方面涉及在维护视图时减少更新冲突。 在方面，快照隔离中的事务可能会更新物化视图。 而不是能够在事务中查看更新，所以更新被隐藏，以防止事务获得不一致的数据。 当事务不应该看到事务中发生的实例化视图的更新时，与实例化视图相关联的附加信息可能指示这一点。 当在事务中进行物化视图的查询时，查询引擎可以使用附加信息来从结果中的更新中排除数据。

    Reducing update conflicts when maintaining views
    8.
    发明申请
    Reducing update conflicts when maintaining views 有权
    维护视图时减少更新冲突

    公开(公告)号：US20080270489A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-10-30

    申请号：US11796865

    申请日：2007-04-30

    申请人： Tengiz Kharatishvili ,  Wei Xiao ,  Stefano Stefani

    发明人： Tengiz Kharatishvili ,  Wei Xiao ,  Stefano Stefani

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30377 ,  G06F17/30339 ,  G06F17/30371 ,  G06F17/30457 ,  G06F17/30477

    摘要： Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to reducing update conflicts when maintaining views. In aspects, a transaction in snapshot isolation may update a materialized view. Instead of being able to view the update within the transaction, the update is hidden to prevent the transaction from obtaining inconsistent data. When a transaction is not supposed to see an update to a materialized view that occurs within the transaction, additional information associated with the materialized view may indicate this. When a query of the materialized view is made within the transaction, the query engine may use the additional information to exclude data from the update in the result.

    摘要翻译： 本文描述的主题的方面涉及在维护视图时减少更新冲突。 在方面，快照隔离中的事务可能会更新物化视图。 而不是能够在事务中查看更新，所以更新被隐藏，以防止事务获得不一致的数据。 当事务不应该看到事务中发生的实例化视图的更新时，与实例化视图相关联的附加信息可能指示这一点。 当在事务中进行物化视图的查询时，查询引擎可以使用附加信息来从结果中的更新中排除数据。

    System and method for performing replica copying using a physical copy mechanism
    9.
    发明授权
    System and method for performing replica copying using a physical copy mechanism 有权
    使用物理复制机制执行副本复制的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08732517B1

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

    申请号：US13174275

    申请日：2011-06-30

    申请人： Stefano Stefani ,  Timothy Andrew Rath ,  Jakub Kulesza ,  Wei Xiao

    发明人： Stefano Stefani ,  Timothy Andrew Rath ,  Jakub Kulesza ,  Wei Xiao

    IPC分类号： G06F11/00

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30584 ,  G06F11/1471 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2094

    摘要： A system that implements a data storage service may maintain tables in a data store on behalf of clients. The service may maintain table data in multiple replicas of partitions of the data that are stored on respective computing nodes in the system. In response to detecting a failure or fault condition, or receiving a service request from a client to move or copy a partition replica, the data store may copy a partition replica to another computing node using a physical copy mechanism. The physical copy mechanism may copy table data from physical storage locations in which it is stored to physical storage locations allocated to a destination replica on the other computing node. During copying, service requests to modify table data may be logged and applied to the replica being copied. A catch-up operation may be performed to apply modification requests received during copying to the destination replica.

    摘要翻译： 实现数据存储服务的系统可以代表客户端在数据存储中维护表。 该服务可以在存储在系统中的相应计算节点上的数据的分区的多个副本中维护表数据。 响应于检测到故障或故障状况，或者从客户端接收到移动或复制分区副本的服务请求，数据存储可以使用物理复制机制将分区副本复制到另一个计算节点。 物理复制机制可以将表数据从其存储的物理存储位置复制到分配给另一个计算节点上的目标副本的物理存储位置。 在复制期间，可能会记录修改表数据的服务请求并将其应用于复制副本。 可以执行追赶操作以将复制期间接收的修改请求应用于目的地复本。

    Locality based quorums
    10.
    发明授权
    Locality based quorums 有权
    基于地点的法定人数

    公开(公告)号：US08473775B1

    公开(公告)日：2013-06-25

    申请号：US12967187

    申请日：2010-12-14

    申请人： Michael T. Helmick ,  Jakub Kulesza ,  Timothy A. Rath ,  Stefano Stefani ,  David A. Lutz

    发明人： Michael T. Helmick ,  Jakub Kulesza ,  Timothy A. Rath ,  Stefano Stefani ,  David A. Lutz

    IPC分类号： G06F11/00

    CPC分类号： G06F11/2025 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/2028 ,  G06F11/2041 ,  G06F11/2046 ,  G06F11/2097

    摘要： Disclosed are various embodiments for distributing data items within a plurality of nodes. A data item update request is replicated from a master node in a plurality of nodes to a plurality of slave nodes within the plurality of nodes. The replicated data item update request is determined to be locality-based durable. Responsive to the determination that the replicated data item update request is locality-based durable, the data item update request is confirmed to a client, wherein the client had originated the data item update request. Upon failover of the master node to another node within the plurality of nodes, a fault-tolerant failover quorum ensures that all previously confirmed updates are found and recognized by the new master node.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于在多个节点内分发数据项的各种实施例。 将数据项更新请求从多个节点中的主节点复制到多个节点内的多个从节点。 复制的数据项更新请求被确定为基于局部性的持久性。 响应于确定复制数据项更新请求是基于局部性的持久性，数据项更新请求被确认给客户端，其中客户端已经发起数据项更新请求。 在主节点故障转移到多个节点中的另一节点之前，容错故障转移仲裁确保所有先前确认的更新都被新的主节点找到并被识别。