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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5386729A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US124894
申请日：1993-09-22
申请人： Stuart E. Reed , John W. Holman , John W. Berthold
发明人： Stuart E. Reed , John W. Holman , John W. Berthold
CPC分类号： G01L19/04 , G01L13/025 , G01L9/0076
摘要： A differential pressure transducer cell comprises a housing and a pair of spaced diaphragms connected at one end to one portion of the housing and connected at an opposite end to a second portion of the housing. The diaphragms have an outer surface and an inner surface; and the outer surface of each diaphragm is exposed to a pressure. A beam is connected between the diaphragms at the inner surface of the diaphragms. Sensors are also provided on the beam.
摘要翻译： 差压换能器单元包括壳体和一对间隔开的隔膜，所述隔膜在一端连接到壳体的一部分并且在与壳体的第二部分相对的端部处连接。 隔膜具有外表面和内表面; 并且每个隔膜的外表面暴露于压力。 光束连接在隔膜的内表面的隔膜之间。 传感器也提供在梁上。
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公开(公告)号：US5258614A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US957743
申请日：1992-10-07
CPC分类号： G01D5/35325 , G01D5/35329 , G01K11/32 , G01L19/0092 , G01L27/002 , G01L9/0076
摘要： A fiber optic loop temperature sensor employs a fiber optic loop (90) having a predetermined fixed radius where a light source (96) supplies light to the signal optical fiber (92) with the loop and a second reference optical fiber (100) receives light from the light source (96) for providing a reference light intensity. The light intensities from both optical fibers are measured and the temperature is determined from differences therein. Advantageously, the fiber optic loop temperature sensor is employed in a temperature compensated, self-referenced fiber optic microbend pressure transducer to compensate for thermal offset of the microbend sensor output. In the preferred embodiment, time division multiplexing provides at least two bi-cell photodetectors (82) with output and source signals for generating a log ratio output for determining the sensed parameter independent of cable and connector offsets and light source fluctuations in addition to compensation for thermal offset. An alternate embodiment uses time domain intensity referencing.
摘要翻译： 光纤环路温度传感器采用具有预定的固定半径的光纤环路（90），其中光源（96）用光环向信号光纤（92）提供光，第二参考光纤（100）接收光 从用于提供参考光强度的光源（96）。 测量两根光纤的光强度，并根据其中的差异确定温度。 有利地，光纤环路温度传感器用于温度补偿的，自参照的光纤微弯压力传感器，以补偿微弯传感器输出的热偏移。 在优选实施例中，时分复用提供具有输出和源信号的输出和源信号的至少两个双电池光电检测器（82），用于产生对数比输出，用于确定独立于电缆和连接器偏移和光源波动的感测参数， 热偏移。 替代实施例使用时域强度参考。
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公开(公告)号：US5591976A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US312250
申请日：1994-09-26
CPC分类号： G01T1/169 , G01T1/2018
摘要： A system for detecting and imaging gamma radiation emitted by a contaminated area includes a plurality of collimators spaced a distance apart from each other. The collimators have a plurality of holes therethrough and the holes of one collimator are aligned with the holes in another collimator for forming a plurality of hole alignments which permit gamma rays to pass through the collimators. A scintillator and operatively connected avalanche photodiode are provided with each aligned hole of the collimators for determining the position of the gamma ray which passes through the collimators. A video camera records a visual image of the contaminated area and a monitor displays the video image along with location and size information provided by the avalanche photodiodes.
摘要翻译： 用于检测和成像由污染区域发射的伽马辐射的系统包括彼此间隔开距离的多个准直器。 准直器具有穿过其中的多个孔，并且一个准直器的孔与另一个准直器中的孔对准，以形成允许伽马射线穿过准直器的多个孔对准。 闪烁体和可操作地连接的雪崩光电二极管设置有准直器的每个对准的孔，用于确定通过准直仪的伽马射线的位置。 视频摄像机记录污染区域的视觉图像，并且监视器显示视频图像以及由雪崩光电二极管提供的位置和大小信息。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5196694A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-23
申请号：US700387
申请日：1991-05-13
申请人： John W. Berthold , Stuart E. Reed
发明人： John W. Berthold , Stuart E. Reed
CPC分类号： G01L9/0076 , G01L11/025
摘要： A temperature compensated, self-referenced fiber optic microbend pressure transducer employs a fiber optic loop (90) to compensate for thermal offset of the microbend sensor output. In the preferred embThis invention was made with Government support under Contract No. NAS3-25796 awarded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Government has certain rights in this invention.
摘要翻译： 温度补偿的自参照光纤微弯压力传感器采用光纤回路（90）来补偿微弯传感器输出的热偏移。 在优选实施例中，时分复用提供具有输出和源信号的输出和源信号的至少两个双电池光电检测器（82），用于产生对数比输出，用于确定独立于电缆和连接器偏移和光源波动的感测参数， 热偏移。 替代实施例使用时域强度参考。
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公开(公告)号：US5020379A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US94580
申请日：1987-09-09
申请人： John W. Berthold , Stuart E. Reed
发明人： John W. Berthold , Stuart E. Reed
摘要： A microbend strain gauge comprises a pair of plates having facing offset corrugations which clamp a signal optical fiber therebetween. The optical fiber is coated and a light signal is supplied to one end of the fiber which is read at an opposite end of the fiber by an optical sensor. Modulations in the light are primarily due to a difference in pressure being applied to the fiber by the plates. A second optical fiber, is subjected to the same thermal condition and its light signal compared to the light signal through the signal optical fiber to offset any temperature error introduced into the signal by changes in temperature. Aluminum, polyimide or gold coating increases temperature resistance for the fibers.
摘要翻译： 微弯应变仪包括一对具有相对的偏移波纹的板，其夹紧信号光纤。 光纤被涂覆，并且光信号被提供给光纤的一端，该光纤通过光学传感器在光纤的相对端读取。 在光中的调制主要是由于由板施加到纤维上的压力差异。 第二根光纤经过信号光纤与光信号相比，经受相同的热条件和光信号，以抵消通过温度变化引入到信号中的任何温度误差。 铝，聚酰亚胺或金涂层增加了纤维的耐温性。
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公开(公告)号：US4538442A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-03
申请号：US619396
申请日：1984-06-11
申请人： Stuart E. Reed
发明人： Stuart E. Reed
CPC分类号： B21C37/154 , C21D1/00 , E21B17/00 , E21B36/00 , E21B36/003 , Y10T29/49879
摘要： A tubular apparatus is assembled of inner and outer tubes which are connected at spaced locations along their length. After heat treatment and other processing steps, either the inner or outer tube is heated to reduce its yield strength and then stretched beyond its yield point but not beyond the yield point of the other tubular. The heat source is removed so that the stretched state is maintained. The tubular apparatus is thus prestressed with the inner tube under compressive prestressing when the inner tube has been heated and stretched, and the inner tube under tensile prestressing when the outer tube has been heated and stretched.
摘要翻译： 内管和外管组装有管状装置，它们沿其长度在间隔开的位置连接。 在热处理和其他加工步骤之后，加热内管或外管以降低其屈服强度，然后拉伸超出其屈服点，但不超过另一个管的屈服点。 除去热源，使得维持拉伸状态。 因此，当内管已经被加热和拉伸时，管状装置在压缩预应力下被预应力，当外管被加热和拉伸时，内管处于拉伸预应力状态。
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公开(公告)号：US5464957A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-07
申请号：US9696
申请日：1993-01-27
申请人： J. Jeffrey Kidwell , Stuart E. Reed , Patrick M. Ryan , Dennis D. Harwig , E. Allen Womack, Jr.
发明人： J. Jeffrey Kidwell , Stuart E. Reed , Patrick M. Ryan , Dennis D. Harwig , E. Allen Womack, Jr.
IPC分类号： B23K9/095
CPC分类号： B23K9/0956
摘要： An apparatus and method for pacing the application of a manual weld along the weld line generates beeps or light flashes at a rate which can be correlated by the welder with markings along the weld line. As each beep or flash is perceived, the welder should reach the next marking. Spacing between the markings determines the desired rate at which the weld is being applied. Alternatively, sequentially lightable areas are distributed along the weld line and sequentially lit a desired rate. The welder chases the sequence along the weld line to achieve the optimum rate of welding.
摘要翻译： 用于沿着焊接线施加手动焊接的装置和方法以可以通过焊工与焊接线的标记相关联的速率产生嘟嘟声或闪光。 当每个哔哔声或闪光灯被感知时，焊工应该达到下一个标记。 标记之间的间距决定了施加焊缝的期望速率。 或者，沿着焊接线分布顺序可点亮区域，并依次点亮所需的速率。 焊机沿着焊接线追踪序列以达到最佳的焊接速度。
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公开(公告)号：US5579828A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US586104
申请日：1996-01-16
CPC分类号： F28F19/006 , F28D15/02 , F28F2265/14
摘要： A flexible, pressurized insert for insertion within the hot (evaporator) side of an inclined heat pipe that forms a part of a heat pipe heat exchanger. This insert is employed in order to prevent such heat pipe from rupturing in the event the working fluid contained therein freezes. This insert is constructed of a thin-walled flexible material that is capable of being deformed (i.e. compressed) thereby absorbing the expansion pressures exerted by the working fluid should the working fluid freeze or be exposed to freezing temperatures. By such absorption, the outer heat pipe itself will not be over-pressurized which might otherwise lead to its rupture. Upon the thawing of the working fluid, the pressurized insert (which is at a pressure greater than that of the working fluid in its non-frozen state) will once again regain its shape.
摘要翻译： 一种用于插入形成热管热交换器的一部分的倾斜热管的热（蒸发器）侧的柔性加压插入件。 使用该插入件以防止在其中所含的工作流体冻结的情况下这种热管破裂。 该插入件由能够变形（即压缩）的薄壁柔性材料构成，从而当工作流体冻结或暴露于冷冻温度时吸收由工作流体施加的膨胀压力。 通过这样的吸收，外部热管本身将不会被过度加压，否则可能导致其破裂。 在工作流体解冻时，加压插入件（其压力大于非冻结状态下的工作流体的压力）将再次恢复其形状。
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公开(公告)号：US5260566A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US897715
申请日：1992-06-12
申请人： Stuart E. Reed
发明人： Stuart E. Reed
CPC分类号： G01L1/245 , G01D5/35345
摘要： A sensor comprises an optical sensor fiber which has a microbend module engaged thereto. When the module is subjected to external influences such as pressure, displacement or the like, it places microbends in the sensor fiber which changes a light transmission characteristic of the fiber. Light passing through the sensor fiber is detected, and changes in the light are measured to find the influence on the modulator. A scintillating or florescent source fiber connected to one end of the sensor fiber is exposed to radiant energy. This produces light which is channeled to the sensor fiber as the light source for the sensor fiber.
摘要翻译： 传感器包括具有与其接合的微弯曲模块的光学传感器光纤。 当模块受到诸如压力，位移等的外部影响时，它将微弯曲放置在传感器光纤中，这改变了光纤的透光特性。 检测到通过传感器光纤的光，并测量光的变化，以发现对调制器的影响。 连接到传感器光纤的一端的闪烁或荧光源光纤暴露于辐射能。 这产生作为传感器光纤的光源引导到传感器光纤的光。
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公开(公告)号：US5396568A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US124916
申请日：1993-09-22
申请人： Stuart E. Reed , John W. Bethold
发明人： Stuart E. Reed , John W. Bethold
CPC分类号： G01D5/35303
摘要： A method for achieving thermal compensation of a microbend sensor used in a fiber optic system and exposed to a thermal environment comprises providing a length of optical fiber and a light source at the optical fiber for passing light through the fiber. A detector is provided at the optical fiber for detecting the light passed through the fiber. A section of the fiber is split for establishing an active leg and a reference leg. An active microbend sensor is provided on the active leg in a thermal environment for producing an active signal; and a reference microbend sensor is provided on the reference leg in the thermal environment near the active sensor for producing a reference signal. The active signal and the reference signal are then detected and a compensation for the active sensor is determined based on the active signal and the reference signal.
摘要翻译： 用于实现光纤系统中使用并暴露于热环境中的微弯传感器的热补偿的方法包括在光纤处提供一定长度的光纤和光源以使光通过光纤。 在光纤处设置检测器，用于检测通过光纤的光。 纤维的一部分被分割以建立活动腿和参考腿。 在热环境中的活动腿上提供主动微弯传感器以产生有效信号; 并且在有源传感器附近的热环境中的参考腿上提供参考微弯传感器，用于产生参考信号。 然后检测有源信号和参考信号，并根据有效信号和参考信号确定有源传感器的补偿。
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