公开(公告)号：US20130183568A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-18

申请号：US13509899

申请日：2010-11-18

申请人： Susan J. Babinec ,  Patrick Hagans ,  William Hicks ,  Yet-Ming Chiang

发明人： Susan J. Babinec ,  Patrick Hagans ,  William Hicks ,  Yet-Ming Chiang

IPC分类号： H01M2/16

CPC分类号： H01M2/1613 ,  H01M2/166 ,  H01M2/1673 ,  H01M4/13 ,  H01M10/0525

摘要： An electrode/separator assembly for use in an electrochemical cell includes a porous composite layer having a total thickness in the range of about 4 μm to about 50 μm comprising inorganic particles having an average aggregate particle size in the range of about 0.5 μm to about 6 μm in an electrochemically stable polymer matrix.

摘要翻译： 用于电化学电池的电极/分离器组件包括总厚度为约4μm至约50μm的多孔复合层，其包含平均聚集体粒度在约0.5μm至约6mm范围内的无机颗粒 妈妈在电化学稳定的聚合物基质中。

公开(公告)号：US20050095476A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10701988

申请日：2003-11-05

申请人： Jeremy Schrooten ,  Wayde Schmidt ,  Cynthia Rice ,  Michael Perry ,  H. Michels ,  Jesse Marzullo ,  Patrick Hagans

发明人： Jeremy Schrooten ,  Wayde Schmidt ,  Cynthia Rice ,  Michael Perry ,  H. Michels ,  Jesse Marzullo ,  Patrick Hagans

IPC分类号： F28D20/02 ,  F28F19/00 ,  H01M20060101 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 ,  F28D20/025 ,  F28F19/006 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  Y02E60/145

摘要： A freeze tolerant fuel cell power plant (10) includes at least one fuel cell (12), a coolant loop (18) including a freeze tolerant accumulator (22) for storing and separating a water immiscible fluid and water coolant, a direct contact heat exchanger (56) for mixing the water immiscible fluid and the water coolant within a mixing region (72) of the heat exchanger (56), a coolant pump (21) for circulating the coolant through the coolant loop (18), a radiator loop (84) for circulating the water immiscible fluid through the heat exchanger (56), and a radiator (86) for removing heat from the coolant. The plant (10) utilizes the water immiscible fluid during steady-state operation to cool the fuel cell and during shut down of the plant to displace water from the fuel cell (12) to the freeze tolerant accumulator (22).

摘要翻译： 一种耐冻燃料电池发电厂（10）包括至少一个燃料电池（12），冷却剂回路（18），其包括用于储存和分离水不混溶流体和水冷却剂的冷冻容积（22），直接接触热 在所述热交换器（56）的混合区域（72）内混合所述水不混溶流体和所述水冷却剂的热交换器（56），用于使所述冷却剂循环通过所述冷却剂回路（18）的冷却剂泵（21） （84），用于使水不混溶流体循环通过热交换器（56），以及用于从冷却剂中除去热量的散热器（86）。 工厂（10）在稳态操作期间利用水不混溶流体来冷却燃料电池并且在关闭工厂期间将水从燃料电池（12）移动到容许冷凝器（22）。

公开(公告)号：US20050084732A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-21

申请号：US10687242

申请日：2003-10-16

申请人： Richard Breault ,  Ryan Balliet ,  Robert Fredley ,  Patrick Hagans

发明人： Richard Breault ,  Ryan Balliet ,  Robert Fredley ,  Patrick Hagans

IPC分类号： H01M20060101 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0206 ,  H01M8/04067 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0637 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2465 ,  Y02E60/566

摘要： A fuel cell stack (10) includes a reaction portion (20) having an end cell (12) secured adjacent to a current collector (30). The collector (30) has a sensible heat no greater than a sensible heat of the end cell (12) and an electrical resistivity no greater than 100 micro-ohms centimeters. An insulator (40) is secured adjacent the collector (30) and has a thermal conductivity that is no greater than 0.500 Watts per meter per degree Kelvin. Because of the low sensible heat of the current collector (30) and low rate of heat transfer of the insulator (40), heat does not readily leave the end cell (12) resulting in a rapid heating of the end cell (12), thereby avoiding freezing and accumulation of product water in the end cell (12) during start up in subfreezing conditions.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆（10）包括具有邻近集电器（30）固定的端电池（12）的反应部分（20）。 收集器（30）具有不大于端电池（12）的显热的显热，并且电阻率不大于100微欧厘米。 绝缘体（40）固定在收集器（30）附近，并且具有不大于0.500瓦/米每度开尔文的导热系数。 由于集电体（30）的显热低，绝缘体（40）的传热速度低，所以热不容易离开端电池（12），导致端电池（12）的快速加热， 从而避免在冷冻条件下启动期间终端电池（12）中的产品水的冷冻和积聚。

公开(公告)号：US20050053807A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-10

申请号：US10656529

申请日：2003-09-05

申请人： Richard Breault ,  Patrick Hagans

发明人： Richard Breault ,  Patrick Hagans

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/241

摘要： A fuel cell system having a stack of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is operated in sub-freezing temperatures by draining any liquid water from the fuel cell water flow passages upon or after the previous shut-down of the stack before freezing can occur, and, thereafter a) starting-up the stack by directing fuel and oxidant reactants into the cell and connecting a load to the stack; b) using heat produced by the stack to increase the operating temperature of the stack to melt ice within the stack; and, c) upon the stack operating temperature reaching at least 0° C., circulating anti-freeze through stack coolers to maintain the temperature of the stack low enough to maintain a sufficiently low water vapor pressure within the cells to prevent cell dry out for at least as long as there is insufficient liquid water to circulate through the water flow passages.

摘要翻译： 具有质子交换膜燃料电池堆的燃料电池系统在次冷冻温度下通过在先前停止堆叠之前或之后从燃料电池水流通道排出任何液态水而在冷冻之前进行操作， 此后a）通过将燃料和氧化剂反应物引入电池并将负载连接到电池堆来启动电池堆; b）使用堆叠产生的热量来增加堆叠的工作温度以融化堆内的冰; 并且c）当堆叠工作温度达到至少0℃时，循环通过叠层冷却器进行冷冻，以将堆的温度保持在足够低的温度，以保持电池内的足够低的水蒸汽压力，以防止电池干燥 至少只要液体水不足以通过水流通道循环。

公开(公告)号：US20060257700A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-16

申请号：US11491015

申请日：2006-07-21

申请人： Jeremy Schrooten ,  Wayde Schmidt ,  Cynthia Rice ,  Michael Perry ,  H. Michels ,  Jesse Marzullo ,  Patrick Hagans

发明人： Jeremy Schrooten ,  Wayde Schmidt ,  Cynthia Rice ,  Michael Perry ,  H. Michels ,  Jesse Marzullo ,  Patrick Hagans

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 ,  F28D20/025 ,  F28F19/006 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  Y02E60/145

摘要： A freeze tolerant fuel cell power plant (10) includes at least one fuel cell (12), a coolant loop (18) including a freeze tolerant accumulator (22) for storing and separating a water immiscible fluid and water coolant or water component, a direct contact heat exchanger (56) for mixing the water immiscible fluid and the water coolant within a mixing region (72) of the heat exchanger (56), a coolant pump (21) for circulating the coolant through the coolant loop (18), a radiator loop (84) for circulating the water immiscible fluid through the heat exchanger (56), and a radiator (86) for removing heat from the coolant. The plant (10) utilizes the water immiscible fluid during steady-state operation to cool the fuel cell and during shut down of the plant to displace water from the fuel cell (12) to the freeze tolerant accumulator (22).

摘要翻译： 一种耐冷燃料电池发电厂（10）包括至少一个燃料电池（12），冷却剂回路（18），其包括用于储存和分离与水不混溶的流体和水冷却剂或水组分的耐冻储存器（22） 用于将热交换器（56）的混合区域（72）内的水不混溶流体和水冷却剂混合的直接接触热交换器（56），用于使冷却剂循环通过冷却剂回路（18）的冷却剂泵（21） 用于使水不混溶流体循环通过热交换器（56）的散热器回路（84）和用于从冷却剂中除去热量的散热器（86）。 工厂（10）在稳态操作期间利用水不混溶流体来冷却燃料电池并且在关闭工厂期间将水从燃料电池（12）移动到容许冷凝器（22）。

公开(公告)号：US20050095475A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10701987

申请日：2003-11-05

申请人： Richard Breault ,  Patrick Hagans ,  Jeremy Schrooten

发明人： Richard Breault ,  Patrick Hagans ,  Jeremy Schrooten

IPC分类号： H01M20060101 ,  H01M2/00 ,  H01M2/02 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/12

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029

摘要： A freeze tolerant fuel cell power plant (10) includes at least one fuel cell (12), a coolant loop (42) having a porous water transport plate (44) secured in a heat and mass exchange relationship with the fuel cell (12) and a coolant pump (46) for circulating a coolant through the plate (44) and for transferring water into or out of the plate (44) with the coolant. A coolant heat exchanger (52) removes heat from the coolant, and an accumulator (66) stores the coolant and fuel cell product water and directs the product water out of the accumulator (66). The coolant is a two-component mixed coolant liquid circulating through the coolant loop (42) consisting of between 80 and 95 volume percent of a low freezing temperature water immiscible fluid component and between 5 and 20 volume percent of a water component.