摘要:
An ablation apparatus comprises an ultrasonic transducer which includes a piezoelectric element having a cylindrical shape; a plurality of external electrodes disposed on the outer surface of the piezoelectric element; and at least one internal electrode disposed on the inner surface of the piezoelectric element. The at least one internal electrode provides corresponding internal electrode portions that are disposed opposite the external electrodes with respect to the piezoelectric element, the external electrodes and the at least one internal electrode to be energized to apply an electric field across the piezoelectric element. The ultrasonic ablation zones of the external electrodes are distributed in a staggered configuration so as to span one or more open arc segments around the longitudinal axis, and the ultrasound ablation zones of all external electrodes projected longitudinally onto any lateral plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis span a substantially closed loop around the longitudinal axis.
摘要:
In one embodiment, an irrigated catheter ablation apparatus comprises an elongated body having a distal end, a proximal end, and at least one fluid lumen extending longitudinally therein; and a plurality of segmented ablation electrodes on a distal portion of the elongated body. The electrodes are spaced from the proximal end and from the distal end of the elongated body by electrically nonconductive segments. The electrodes are spaced from each other longitudinally by electrically nonconductive segments. For each electrode that is longitudinally disposed next to one of the nonconductive segments, an edge is formed between an electrode end of the electrode and a nonconductive segment end of the nonconductive segment. A plurality of elution holes are disposed adjacent to the edges. A plurality of ducts establish fluid communication between the elution holes and the fluid lumen.
摘要:
An ablation catheter comprises a catheter body extending longitudinally between a proximal end and a distal end along a longitudinal axis; and an ablation element assembly comprising ablation elements connected to the catheter body, each ablation element to be energized to produce an ablation zone. The ablation elements are distributed in a staggered configuration such that the ablation zones of the ablation elements span one or more open arc segments around the longitudinal axis, but the ablation zones of all ablation elements projected longitudinally onto any lateral plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis span a substantially closed loop around the longitudinal axis. Since the ablation zones do not form a closed loop, the risk of renal artery/vein stenosis is reduced or eliminated. Since the ablation zones of all ablation elements projected longitudinally onto any lateral plane span a substantially closed loop, substantially complete renal denervation is achieved.
摘要:
A catheter apparatus comprises an elongated catheter body having a distal end, a proximal end, and at least one fluid lumen extending longitudinally therein; and a plurality of flexible electrode segments on a distal portion of the catheter body adjacent the distal end, each pair of neighboring flexible electrode segments being spaced from each other longitudinally by a corresponding electrically nonconductive segment. Each flexible electrode segment comprises a sidewall provided with one or more elongated stiffness reductions extending through the sidewall, the one or more elongated stiffness reductions providing flexibility in the sidewall for bending movement relative to a longitudinal axis of the catheter body. The electrically nonconductive segment is substantially smaller in length than each of the corresponding pair of neighboring flexible electrode segments.
摘要:
A lead for nerve modulation comprises an elongated body which includes a proximal end, a distal portion having a distal end, and an intermediate portion disposed between the proximal end and the distal portion. The distal portion includes a distal portion anchoring mechanism to anchor the distal portion to a first biological cavity of a patient. The intermediate portion includes an intermediate portion anchoring mechanism to anchor the intermediate portion to a second biological cavity of the patient. The intermediate portion anchoring mechanism is larger in lateral dimension than and is spaced from the distal portion anchoring mechanism. The distal portion and/or the intermediate portion includes a plurality of modulation electrodes. The distal portion anchoring mechanism and/or the intermediate portion anchoring mechanism is configured to position the modulation electrodes to contact tissue of the patient at multiple locations.
摘要:
A transvenous renal nerve modulation system comprises: a blood pressure monitoring device to be implanted in a patient to monitor the patient's blood pressure; one or more transvenous renal nerve modulation leads to be implanted in one or more renal blood vessels of the patient; a pulse generator coupled to the transvenous renal nerve modulation leads to deliver electrical pulses to the one or more transvenous renal nerve modulation leads for modulating renal nerves of the patient; and a control unit coupled to the blood pressure monitoring device and the pulse generator to control delivery of the electrical pulses by the pulse generator based on the patient's blood pressure from the blood pressure monitoring device. The pulse generator delivers high frequency pulses of greater than about 10 Hz to the transvenous renal nerve modulation leads if the patient's blood pressure is greater than a high blood pressure threshold.