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公开(公告)号：US5348566A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-20
申请号：US969905
申请日：1992-11-02
CPC分类号： B22D23/10 , B22D41/14 , B22D41/60 , B22F9/08 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2009/0892
摘要： A method of electroslag refining of metal is taught. The method starts with the introduction of unrefined metal into an electroslag refining process in which the unrefined metal is first melted at the upper surface of the refining slag. The molten metal in the form if droplets is refined as it passes through the molten slag. The refined metal droplets are collected in a cold hearth apparatus having a skull of refined metal formed on the surface of the cold hearth and protecting the cold hearth from the leaching action of the refined molten metal. A cold finger bottom pour spout is formed at the bottom of the cold hearth to permit dispensing of molten refined metal from the cold hearth. The rate of flow of molten metal through the cold finger apparatus is controlled by controlling the rate of melting of the unrefined metal; by controlling the hydrostatic head of molten metal and salt above the bottom pour cold finger orifice; by controlling the rate of induction heat supplied to the metal within the cold finger apparatus; by controlling the rate of heat removal from the metal within the cold finger apparatus through the cold finger apparatus itself and through adjacent gas cooling means; and by applying force to slow down and/or interrupt the flow of metal through the cold finger apparatus.
摘要翻译： 教授了电渣精炼金属的方法。 该方法开始于将未精制金属引入电渣精炼工艺中，其中未精制金属首先在精炼炉渣的上表面熔化。 如果液滴在通过熔融炉渣时被精炼，则形式为熔融金属。 将精制金属液滴收集在具有形成在冷室的表面上的精制金属颅骨的冷炉底装置中，并保护冷却炉免受精炼熔融金属的浸出作用。 在冷底部的底部形成冷手指底部倒出口，以允许从冷底座分配熔融精炼金属。 熔融金属通过冷指装置的流量通过控制未精制金属的熔化速度来控制; 通过控制熔融金属和盐的静水压头在底部冷冷指孔上; 通过控制供应给冷指装置内的金属的感应热的速率; 通过控制冷指装置内的金属通过冷指装置本身并通过相邻的气体冷却装置的散热速率; 并通过施加力来减慢和/或中断通过冷指装置的金属流动。
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公开(公告)号：US5472177A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-05
申请号：US168294
申请日：1993-12-17
CPC分类号： B22F9/082 , C23C4/123 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2009/088 , B22F2009/0884 , B22F2998/00
摘要： A regulating gas flow valve is operatively connected to an oscillating molten metal spray forming ring converter through which a molten metal stream passes. The passing metal stream is impacted by gas jets from the converter which breaks up the metal stream into a spray pattern of small molten metal droplets. The valve regulates the flow of gas into the converter as a function of the converter oscillation which also operates the valve.
摘要翻译： 调节气体流量阀可操作地连接到熔融金属液流通过的振荡熔融金属喷射形成环形转换器。 通过的金属流被来自转换器的气体射流冲击，其将金属流分解成小的熔融金属液滴的喷雾图案。 阀门根据转换器振荡调节进入转换器的气体流量，该转换器振荡也可以操作阀门。
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公开(公告)号：US5480097A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-02
申请号：US217834
申请日：1994-03-25
CPC分类号： B22F9/082 , C23C4/123 , B22F2009/088 , B22F2998/00
摘要： An improved molten metal spray forming atomization ring converter adapted for the spray forming of a refined molten metal from a molten metal refining or melting chamber wherein the molten metal is atomized into tiny molten droplets by gas impingement in a stream of molten metal and to the structure by which the molten metal droplets are preferentially directed to and deposited on a target surface. The molten metal spray forming atomization ring converter is adapted to control the flow of liquid metal droplets and to avoid a backflow of such droplets during the gas atomization by providing structure, such as small apertures to the inner diameter of the ring, by providing large holes through the inner diameter and adding a porous metal filter to cover the large holes or by providing a gas supply system independent from the atomization system gas supply, such that a pressure or diffused source of gas is provided at the inner bore. These modifications produce a relatively small mass flow of gas sufficient to feed the entrainment requirement of the high speed jets, but sufficiently low enough to avoid preatomization of the liquid metal wherein backsplash of the metal is reduced and/or prevented.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的熔融金属喷雾形成雾化环转换器，其适用于从熔融金属精炼或熔化室喷射形成精炼的熔融金属，其中熔融金属通过气体冲击熔化在熔融金属流中而被雾化成微小的熔融液滴 熔融金属液滴优选地被引导并沉积在目标表面上。 熔融金属喷雾形成雾化环转换器适于控制液体金属液滴的流动并且通过提供诸如环的内径的小孔之类的结构来避免在气体雾化期间这种液滴的回流，通过提供大孔 通过内径并且添加多孔金属过滤器以覆盖大孔或者通过提供独立于雾化系统气体供应的气体供应系统，使得在内孔处提供压力或扩散的气体源。 这些修改产生相当小的质量流量的气体，足以提供高速射流的夹带要求，但足够低以避免液态金属的预分解，其中减少和/或防止了金属的后挡板。
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公开(公告)号：US5366206A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US168283
申请日：1993-12-17
CPC分类号： B22F9/082 , C23C4/123 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2009/088 , B22F2998/00
摘要： A molten metal atomization ring structure has an elongated or oval aperture therethrough through which a molten metal stream passes and is broken up into a molten metal spray pattern. The structure may be angularly adjusted about a transverse axis of the aperture at a greater angle without engaging the passing metal stream.
摘要翻译： 熔融金属雾化环结构具有穿过其中的细长或椭圆形的孔，熔融金属流通过该孔穿过并被分解成熔融金属喷雾图案。 该结构可以以更大的角度围绕孔的横向轴线成角度地调节，而不与通过的金属流接合。
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公开(公告)号：US5310165A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US969906
申请日：1992-11-02
申请人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer , Steven A. Miller
发明人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer , Steven A. Miller
CPC分类号： B22F9/082 , B22D41/60 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2009/088 , B22F2009/0892
摘要： A method of atomization of refined metal is taught. The method starts with the introduction of unrefined metal into an electroslag refining process in which the unrefined metal is first melted at the upper surface of the refining slag. The molten metal in the form of droplets is refined as it passes through the molten slag. The refined metal droplets are collected in a cold hearth apparatus having a skull of refined metal formed on the surface of the cold hearth and protecting the cold hearth from the leaching action of the refined molten metal. A cold finger bottom pour spout is formed at the bottom of the cold hearth to permit dispensing of molten refined metal from the cold hearth. The rate of flow of molten metal through the cold finger apparatus is controlled principally by controlling the rate of melting of the unrefined metal. The metal flowing from the cold finger apparatus is introduced to the upper end of a ceramic melt guide tube. Liquid metal emerging from the lower end of the melt guide tube is atomized by a gas orifice closely coupled to the lower end of the melt guide tube.
摘要翻译： 教授了精炼金属的雾化方法。 该方法开始于将未精制金属引入电渣精炼工艺中，其中未精制金属首先在精炼炉渣的上表面熔化。 液滴形式的熔融金属在通过熔融炉渣时被精炼。 将精制金属液滴收集在具有形成在冷室的表面上的精制金属颅骨的冷炉底装置中，并保护冷却炉免受精炼熔融金属的浸出作用。 在冷底部的底部形成冷手指底部倒出口，以允许从冷底座分配熔融精炼金属。 熔融金属通过冷指装置的流动速率主要通过控制未精制金属的熔化速率来控制。 从冷指装置流出的金属被引入陶瓷熔体导管的上端。 从熔体引导管的下端出来的液态金属被密封地连接到熔体引导管的下端的气体孔喷射。
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公开(公告)号：US5332197A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US969900
申请日：1992-11-02
申请人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer
发明人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer
CPC分类号： B22F9/08 , C22B9/18 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856 , B22F2998/00
摘要： A method for the electroslag refining of titanium base alloy is provided. The method involves providing a refining vessel to contain an electroslag refining layer floating on a layer of molten refined metal. An ingot of unrefined titanium base alloy having a higher nitrogen content is lowered into the vessel into contact with the molten electroslag layer. A refining current is passed through the slag layer to the ingot to cause surface melting at the interface between the ingot and the electroslag layer. As the ingot is surface melted at its point of contact with the slag, droplets of the unrefined metal are formed and these droplets are refined as they pass down through the slag and are collected in a body of molten refined metal beneath the slag. The refined metal is held within a cold hearth. At the bottom of the cold hearth, a cold finger orifice is provided to permit the withdrawal of refined metal from the cold hearth apparatus. The refined metal passes from the cold finger orifice as a stream and may be processed into a sound metal structure having low nitrogen content and desired grain structure.
摘要翻译： 提供了钛基合金电渣精炼方法。 该方法包括提供精炼容器以容纳漂浮在熔融精炼金属层上的电渣精炼层。 将具有较高氮含量的未精制钛基合金锭放入容器中与熔融电渣层接触。 精炼电流通过熔渣层到锭，以在锭和电渣层之间的界面处引起表面熔化。 当锭在与炉渣接触点处表面熔化时，形成未精制金属的液滴，并且当它们向下通过炉渣时，这些液滴被精炼，并且被收集在炉渣下面的熔融精炼金属体中。 精炼的金属被放在一个冷的炉膛内。 在冷炉底部设有冷指孔以允许精制金属从冷床装置中取出。 精制金属作为流从冷指孔通过，并且可以被加工成具有低氮含量和期望的晶粒结构的声音金属结构。
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公开(公告)号：US5325906A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US926113
申请日：1992-08-07
申请人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer
发明人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer
CPC分类号： B22F9/08 , C22B9/18 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856
摘要： A method for the electroslag refining of metal is provided. The method involves providing a refining vessel to contain an electroslag refining layer floating on a layer of molten refined metal. An ingot of unrefined metal is lowered into the vessel into contact with the molten electroslag layer. A refining current is passed through the slag layer to the ingot to cause surface melting at the interface between the ingot and the electroslag layer. As the ingot is surface melted at its point of contact with the slag, droplets of the unrefined metal are formed and these droplets pass down through the slag and are collected in a body of molten refined metal beneath the slag. The refined metal is held within a cold hearth. At the bottom of the cold hearth, a cold finger orifice is provided to permit the withdrawal of refined metal from the cold hearth apparatus. The refined metal passes from the cold finger orifice as a stream and is processed into a sound metal structure having desired grain structure. A preferred method for forming such a structure is by spray forming.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种金属电渣精炼方法。 该方法包括提供精炼容器以容纳漂浮在熔融精炼金属层上的电渣精炼层。 将未精制金属锭放入容器中与熔融电渣层接触。 精炼电流通过熔渣层到锭，以在锭和电渣层之间的界面处引起表面熔化。 当锭在与渣的接触点处表面熔融时，形成未精制金属的液滴，并且这些液滴向下通过炉渣，并被收集在炉渣下面的熔融精炼金属体中。 精炼的金属被放在一个冷的炉膛内。 在冷炉底部设有冷指孔以允许精制金属从冷床装置中取出。 精制金属作为流从冷指孔通过，并被加工成具有所需晶粒结构的声音金属结构。 用于形成这种结构的优选方法是通过喷雾成形。
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公开(公告)号：US5160532A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-03
申请号：US779773
申请日：1991-10-21
申请人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer
发明人： Mark G. Benz , Thomas F. Sawyer
CPC分类号： B22F9/08 , C22B9/18 , B22F2009/0852 , B22F2009/0856
摘要： A method for the electroslag refining of metal is provided. The method involves providing a refining vessel to contain an electroslag refining layer floating on a layer of molten refined metal. An ingot of unrefined metal is lowered into the vessel into contact with the molten electroslag layer. A refining current is passed through the slag layer to the ingot to cause surface melting at the interface between the ingot and the electroslag layer. As the ingot is surface melted at its point of contact with the slag, droplets of the unrefined metal are formed and these droplets pass down through the slag and are collected in a body of molten refined metal beneath the slag. The refined metal is held within a cold hearth. At the bottom of the cold hearth, a cold finger orifice is provided to permit the withdrawal of refined metal from the cold hearth apparatus. The refined metal passes from the cold finger orifice as a stream and is processed into a sound metal structure having desired grain structure. A preferred method for forming such a structure is by spray forming.
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公开(公告)号：US5077090A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US487094
申请日：1990-03-02
申请人： Thomas F. Sawyer
发明人： Thomas F. Sawyer
CPC分类号： B22D23/003 , C23C4/123
摘要： A method for forming a preform having an inner portion of a first metal and an outer portion of a second metal is taught. The preform is fabricated by spray forming processing. The beginning stages of the spray forming is performed with a first metal in a dispensing crucible which supplies a stream of the first metal to an atomization zone where the stream is broken up into many droplets which are driven by an atomizing gas onto a receiving surface. The second stage of the processing involves adding small quantities of a second metal to the dispensing crucible before the first metal is completely drained therefrom to permit a blend of the two metals to be formed on the preform between an inner and an outer portion thereof. The third phase of the method is the addition of a second metal to the dispensing crucible so that the latter stages of the spray forming is performed with the second metal and accordingly that the outer portions of the preform are formed of the second metal. A desirable good metallurgical bond is formed between the inner and the outer portions of the preform.
摘要翻译： 教导了一种用于形成具有第一金属的内部部分和第二金属的外部部分的预制件的方法。 预成型件通过喷涂成型加工制成。 喷雾成型的开始阶段是用分配坩埚中的第一金属进行的，所述第一金属将第一金属流提供给雾化区，其中流被分解成由雾化气体驱动到接收表面上的许多液滴。 处理的第二阶段包括在第一金属被完全排出之前将少量的第二金属添加到分配坩埚中，以允许在预成型件的内外部之间形成两种金属的共混物。 该方法的第三阶段是将第二金属添加到分配坩埚中，以便用第二金属进行喷射成型的后段，因此预制件的外部由第二金属形成。 在预成型件的内部和外部之间形成期望的良好的冶金结合。
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公开(公告)号：US4712604A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-15
申请号：US917934
申请日：1986-10-14
申请人： Thomas F. Sawyer
发明人： Thomas F. Sawyer
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： A furnace assembly for casting directionally solidified articles, such as turbine blades. A pair of tunnels feed blanket insulative material towards the bottom of the heating chamber to engulf the mold as it exits the chamber atop a water cooled pull rod.
摘要翻译： 用于铸造定向凝固制品（例如涡轮叶片）的炉组件。 一对隧道向加热室的底部供给橡皮布绝缘材料，以在模具离开水冷拉杆顶部时吸收模具。
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