Method for determining the structure of a body surface
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for determining the structure of a body surface 失效
    确定身体表面结构的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5982498A

    公开(公告)日:1999-11-09

    申请号:US094694

    申请日:1998-06-15

    CPC分类号: G01N21/55 G01N21/86 G01N33/34

    摘要: A moving body surface or paper web (1) to be investigated is irradiated at at least one irradiation site by 3 laser light sources of a surface structure measuring device (FOS1, FOS2). Reflected and scattered light is detected and evaluated in order to calculate ellipse points. An ellipse major axis ratio corresponding to a fiber orientation ratio, and a fiber orientation angle are calculated from the ellipse parameters thus obtained. Identical measurements and calculations are carried out periodically on an isotropic sample (NO) and a sample (Nx) having a fiber orientation similar to that of the body surface to be measured, in order to calibrate the measurements at the body surface (1).

    摘要翻译: 待研究的移动体表面或纸幅(1)在表面结构测量装置(FOS1,FOS2)的3个激光光源的至少一个照射部位照射。 检测和评估反射和散射光以计算椭圆点。 根据这样得到的椭圆参数计算与纤维取向比对应的椭圆长轴比和纤维取向角。 为了校准身体表面(1)上的测量,相同的测量和计算在各向同性样品(NO)和具有与要测量的身体表面的纤维取向相似的纤维取向的样品(Nx)上周期性地进行。

    Differential pressure means for a gas meter arrangement, comprising an improved flow geometry
    7.
    发明申请
    Differential pressure means for a gas meter arrangement, comprising an improved flow geometry 失效
    用于气表装置的差压装置,包括改进的流动几何形状

    公开(公告)号:US20070163356A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-07-19

    申请号:US10553311

    申请日:2004-04-13

    IPC分类号: G01L15/00

    CPC分类号: G01F15/00 G01F1/6842 G01F5/00

    摘要: The invention relates to a differential pressure means and a gas meter arrangement for precisely measuring a gas consumption by means of a gas meter. A previously known gas meter is disposed in a bypass comprising a differential pressure means in the gas pipe for measuring a volumetric flow rate inside the gas pipe. According to the invention, the differential pressure means comprises flow ducts having decreasing diameters as the radial position increases starting from a central axis of the differential pressure means. Examples of execution include inlet ports and/or outlet ports of the flow ducts which are provided with a specific countersink angle (α), and an equidistant, concentric arrangement of flow ducts on the cross-sectional area of the differential pressure means. The invention has the advantage of increasing the differential pressure at a low volume flow rate, reducing the differential pressure at a high volume flow rate, and generally creating an improved linearity across the entire measurement range between the volume flow rate in the bypass and the volume flow rate in the gas pipe, among other things.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种用于通过燃气表精确测量气体消耗量的差压装置和气量计装置。 先前已知的气量计设置在旁路中,包括用于测量气体管内的体积流量的气体管道中的差压装置。 根据本发明,差压装置包括随着径向位置从差压装置的中心轴线开始增加而具有减小的直径的流动管道。 执行的实例包括设置有特定埋头角(α)的流动管道的入口端口和/或出口端口,以及在差压装置的横截面积上的等离子体同心布置的流动管道。 本发明的优点是在低体积流量下增加差压,在大体积流量下降低压差,并且通常在旁路体积流量与体积之间的整个测量范围内产生改善的线性度 气管中的流量等。

    Increased accuracy gas energy meter
    8.
    发明授权
    Increased accuracy gas energy meter 失效
    提高气体能量计精度

    公开(公告)号:US07222028B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-05-22

    申请号:US10543230

    申请日:2003-01-23

    IPC分类号: G01F1/00

    摘要: Described is a method and a device for more accurate measurement of a gas supply with a gas meter. A consumption-weighted correction factor is determined by weight averaging of a sensor error factor of the gas meter with a consumption profile characteristic of the gas supply location and the measuring signal is converted using the correction factor. Embodiments relate inter alia to: operation of the gas meter as volume, mass or energy meter; formulae for determining the correction factor with sensor error factors and consumption profiles relative to volume, mass or energy; and measuring signal correction in the case of a non-registering or registering gas meter. Advantages are inter alia: subsequent customer-specific measuring signal correction; no additional measuring complexity; and improved measuring accuracy, in particular improved energy measurement by means of compensation for inherent deviations of the energy signal in the vase of heat value variations.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种用于更准确地测量具有燃气表的气体供应的方法和装置。 消耗加权校正因子通过气体计量器的传感器误差因子的重量平均值确定,具有气体供应位置的消耗曲线特征,并且使用校正因子转换测量信号。 实施例尤其涉及:作为体积,质量或能量计的气量计的操作; 用于确定具有传感器误差因子的校正因子和相对于体积,质量或能量的消耗曲线的公式; 并且在不注册或登记燃气表的情况下测量信号校正。 优点尤其在于:随后的客户特定测量信号校正; 无额外的测量复杂性; 并提高测量精度,特别是通过对花瓶热值变化中能量信号的固有偏差的补偿来改进能量测量。

    Increased accuracy gas energy meter
    9.
    发明申请
    Increased accuracy gas energy meter 失效
    提高气体能量计精度

    公开(公告)号:US20060212249A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-09-21

    申请号:US10543230

    申请日:2003-01-23

    IPC分类号: G01F1/00 G01F25/00

    摘要: Described is a method and a device for more accurate measurement of a gas supply with a gas meter. A consumption-weighted correction factor is determined by weighted averaging of a sensor error factor of the gas meter with a consumption profile characteristic of the gas supply location and the measuring signal is converted into a corrected consumption or output value with the correction factor. Embodiments relate inter alia to: operation of the gas meter as volume, mass or energy meter; formulae for determining the correction factor with sensor error factors and consumption profiles relative to volume, mass or energy; and measuring signal correction in the case of a non-registering or registering gas meter. Advantages are inter alia: subsequent customer-specific measuring signal correction; no additional measuring complexity in the gas meter; and improved measuring accuracy, in particular improved energy measurement by means of compensation for inherent deviations of the energy signal in the case of heat value variations.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种用于更准确地测量具有燃气表的气体供应的方法和装置。 消耗加权校正因子通过燃气表的传感器误差因子与气体供应位置的消耗曲线特征的加权平均来确定,并且测量信号被转换为具有校正因子的校正消耗或输出值。 实施例尤其涉及:作为体积,质量或能量计的气量计的操作; 用于确定具有传感器误差因子的校正因子和相对于体积,质量或能量的消耗曲线的公式; 并且在不注册或登记燃气表的情况下测量信号校正。 优点尤其在于:随后的客户特定测量信号校正; 气量计没有额外的测量复杂性; 并且通过在热值变化的情况下补偿能量信号的固有偏差来提高测量精度,特别是改进的能量测量。

    Differential pressure means for a gas meter arrangement, comprising an improved flow geometry
    10.
    发明授权
    Differential pressure means for a gas meter arrangement, comprising an improved flow geometry 失效
    用于气表装置的差压装置,包括改进的流动几何形状

    公开(公告)号:US07464611B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-12-16

    申请号:US10553311

    申请日:2004-04-13

    IPC分类号: G01F1/37 G01F5/00

    CPC分类号: G01F15/00 G01F1/6842 G01F5/00

    摘要: A differential pressure system and a gas meter arrangement for precisely measuring a gas consumption by a gas meter is provided. A previously known gas meter is disposed in a bypass comprising a differential pressure system in the gas pipe for measuring a volumetric flow rate inside the gas pipe. The differential pressure system includes flow ducts having decreasing diameters as the radial position increases starting from a central axis of the differential pressure system. Examples of execution include inlet ports and/or outlet ports of the flow ducts which are provided with a specific countersink angle (α), and an equidistant, concentric arrangement of flow ducts on the cross-sectional area of the differential pressure system. This has the advantage of increasing the differential pressure at a low volume flow rate, reducing the differential pressure at a high volume flow rate, and generally creating an improved linearity across the entire measurement range between the volume flow rate in the bypass and the volume flow rate in the gas pipe, among other advantages.

    摘要翻译: 提供了用于精确测量燃气表的气体消耗的差压系统和燃气表装置。 预先知道的气量计设置在旁路中,包括用于测量气体管内的体积流量的气体管道中的差压系统。 差压系统包括随着径向位置从差压系统的中心轴线开始增加而具有减小的直径的流动管道。 执行的实例包括设置有特定埋头角(α)的流动管道的入口端口和/或出口端口,以及在差压系统的横截面积上的等离子体同心配置的流动管道。 这具有在低体积流量下增加差压的优点,在大体积流量下降低压差,并且通常在旁路体积流量与体积流量之间的整个测量范围内产生改善的线性度 气管中的比例等优点。