摘要:
Methods are provided that include a method comprising providing a viscosified treatment fluid comprising a base fluid and a gelling agent that comprises a clarified xanthan; and placing the viscosified treatment fluid into at least a portion of a subterranean formation. In some embodiments, the method comprises placing the viscosified treatment fluid into at least a portion of a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create or enhance at least one fracture in the subterranean formation. In some embodiments, the viscosified treatment fluid may also comprise a plurality of particulates. In some embodiments, the viscosified treatment fluids may be placed into at least a portion of a pipeline. Additional methods are also provided.
摘要:
Methods and compositions for reducing the viscosity of subterranean treatment fluids that comprise a gelling agent utilizing breakers that comprise hydroquinone and/or a derivative thereof. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a breaker for use in reducing the viscosity of a treatment fluid that comprises a gelling agent, the breaker comprising a hydroquinone component and an additional breaker component.
摘要:
Treatment fluids that may comprise an aqueous fluid, a gelling agent, and a zirconium triisopropylamine crosslinking agent are provided. Also provided are crosslinking agents that may comprise a zirconium triisopropylamine crosslinking agent, and a zirconium IV-containing crosslinking agent.
摘要:
A method of treating a subterranean formation is provided, the method may comprise providing a fluid comprising an aqueous fluid, a gelling agent, and a zirconium triisopropylamine crosslinking agent; and introducing the fluid into a well bore that penetrates the subterranean formation. Also provided are methods of fracturing a subterranean formation.
摘要:
A method of fracturing a subterranean formation comprising the steps of: providing a coarse-foamed fracturing fluid comprising a liquid fracturing fluid component, a gas, proppant particulates, and a foaming agent; and placing the coarse-foamed fracturing fluid into a portion of a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create or extend at least one fracture therein.
摘要:
The present invention provides methods of fracturing high temperature subterranean zones and viscous aqueous foamed fracturing fluids therefor. A fracturing fluid of this invention comprises water, a terpolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid, acrylamide and acrylic acid or salts thereof, a gas, a foaming agent and a viscosity breaker for effecting a controlled reduction in the viscosity of the fracturing fluid.
摘要:
Methods and compositions for reducing the viscosity of subterranean treatment fluids that comprise a gelling agent utilizing breakers that comprise hydroquinone and/or a derivative thereof. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method comprising: providing a treatment fluid that comprises an aqueous base fluid and a gelling agent; providing a breaker that comprises a hydroquinone component; allowing the breaker to interact with the treatment fluid; and allowing the breaker to at least partially reduce the viscosity of the treatment fluid.
摘要:
Reduced friction fluids comprising an aqueous liquid, carbon dioxide, and a polymer comprising acrylamide and an acrylamide copolymer derivative. And methods of treating a subterranean formation comprising the steps of providing a reduced friction fluid comprising an aqueous liquid, carbon dioxide, and a polymer comprising acrylamide and an acrylamide copolymer derivative; and, introducing the reduced friction fluid to a subterranean formation.
摘要:
A first aid trauma kit case that provides for a means of treating specific trauma injuries related to massive bleeding and tension pneumothorax. An embodiment of the first aid trauma kit case contains as part of its architecture an easily readable format for identifying an injury location and instructions, that are integrated as part of the case, on how to apply certain specific medical devices contained within the case. An embodiment of the case also provides for a color-coded identification system for easy identification of the preferred treatment method for the suffered trauma injury. The design of the integrated instructions and the color-coded system work in tandem to provide for a quick method of identifying and treating specific types of trauma related injuries.
摘要:
A first aid trauma kit case that provides for a means of treating specific trauma injuries related to massive bleeding and tension pneumothorax. An embodiment of the first aid trauma kit case contains as part of its architecture an easily readable format for identifying an injury location and instructions, that are integrated as part of the case, on how to apply certain specific medical devices contained within the case. An embodiment of the case also provides for a color-coded identification system for easy identification of the preferred treatment method for the suffered trauma injury. The design of the integrated instructions and the color-coded system work in tandem to provide for a quick method of identifying and treating specific types of trauma related injuries.