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公开(公告)号：US07036379B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-02
申请号：US11104180
申请日：2005-04-12
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01L9/0077 , G01L11/025
摘要： A fluid diffusion resistant tube-encased fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within a sensing element, such as a glass capillary shell 20. A fluid blocking coating 30 is disposed on the outside surface of the capillary shell to prevent the diffusion of fluids, such as water molecules from diffusing into the shell. The fluid diffusion resistant fiber optic sensor reduces errors caused by the diffusion of water into the shell when the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions.
摘要翻译： 耐流体扩散的管封装的光纤光栅压力传感器包括一个光纤10，其中布置有布拉格光栅12，该光纤被包封在诸如玻璃毛细管壳20之类的传感元件内。 流体阻挡涂层30设置在毛细管壳的外表面上，以防止诸如水分子之类的流体扩散到壳中。 当传感器暴露在恶劣的条件下时，防止流体扩散的光纤传感器减少了由水扩散到壳体中引起的误差。
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公开(公告)号：US06877378B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-12
申请号：US10427335
申请日：2003-05-01
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01L9/0077 , G01L11/025
摘要： A fluid diffusion resistant tube-encased fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within a sensing element, such as a glass capillary shell 20. A fluid blocking coating 30 is disposed on the outside surface of the capillary shell to prevent the diffusion of fluids, such as water molecules from diffusing into the shell. The fluid diffusion resistant fiber optic sensor reduces errors caused by the diffusion of water into the shell when the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions.
摘要翻译： 耐流体扩散的管封装的光纤光栅压力传感器包括一个光纤10，其中布置有布拉格光栅12，其被封装在诸如玻璃毛细管壳20之类的感测元件内。流体阻挡涂层30设置在外表面 的毛细管壳，以防止流体的扩散，例如水分子扩散到壳体中。 当传感器暴露在恶劣的条件下时，防止流体扩散的光纤传感器减少了由水扩散到壳体中引起的误差。
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公开(公告)号：US09477042B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-25
申请号：US13311786
申请日：2011-12-06
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
CPC分类号： G02B6/2551
摘要： Techniques and systems suitable for performing low-loss fusion splicing of optical waveguide sections are provided. According to some embodiments, multiple laser beams (from one or more laser) may be utilized to uniformly heat a splice region including portions of the optical waveguide sections to be spliced, which may have different cross-sectional dimensions. According to some embodiments, the relative distance of the optical waveguide sections and/or the power of the multiple laser beams may be varied during splicing operations.
摘要翻译： 提供了适合于执行光波导部分的低损耗熔接的技术和系统。 根据一些实施例，可以使用多个激光束（来自一个或多个激光器）来均匀地加热包括可以具有不同横截面尺寸的要拼接的光波导部分的部分的接合区域。 根据一些实施例，可以在拼接操作期间改变光波导部分的相对距离和/或多个激光束的功率。
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4.发明授权Method for annealing an optical waveguide having a bragg grating to accelerate ageing 有权对具有布拉格光栅的光波导进行退火以加速老化的方法公开(公告)号：US06601411B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US09751672
申请日：2001-03-26
IPC分类号： C03B3700
CPC分类号： C03B25/025 , C03B37/15
摘要： The present invention provides a method for annealing an optical waveguide, including an optical fiber or large-diameter waveguide structure, having along some length an induced refractive index difference that decays over time and so causes drift in the wavelength of reflected light when broadband light is inserted into the optical waveguide. The method uses an assumed decay formula for the induced refractive index difference indicating how the induced refractive index difference decays over time, the assumed decay formula having parameters that depend on temperature. The method includes the steps of: determining the (temperature dependent) parameters in the assumed decay formula for both an operating temperature and an annealing temperature, the annealing temperature being higher than the operating temperature, by fitting the observed decay over a measuring time at the two temperatures; and determining an anneal time at the annealing temperature based on a maximum allowed drift at the operating temperature. In operation, an optical waveguide is then annealed at the anneal temperature for the anneal time to provide a heat treatment (annealing) process for stabilizing Bragg gratings inscribed in the optical waveguide.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种退光光波导的方法，该光波导包括光纤或大直径波导结构，沿着某种长度具有随时间衰减的诱导折射率差异，并且因此当宽带光为...时导致反射光的波长漂移 插入光波导中。 该方法使用假定的衰减公式来表示诱导折射率差异随时间的衰减如何，所假定的衰变公式具有取决于温度的参数。 该方法包括以下步骤：通过在所测量的时间内将所观察到的衰减拟合，确定在工作温度和退火温度下的假定衰减公式中的（温度依赖）参数，退火温度高于工作温度 两个温度 以及基于工作温度下的最大允许漂移，在退火温度下确定退火时间。 在操作中，然后在退火温度下将光波导退火退火时间，以提供用于稳定内插在光波导中的布拉格光栅的热处理（退火）工艺。
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公开(公告)号：US20120073329A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-29
申请号：US13311786
申请日：2011-12-06
申请人： MARK R. FERNALD , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
发明人： MARK R. FERNALD , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
CPC分类号： G02B6/2551
摘要： Techniques and systems suitable for performing low-loss fusion splicing of optical waveguide sections are provided. According to some embodiments, multiple laser beams (from one or more laser) may be utilized to uniformly heat a splice region including portions of the optical waveguide sections to be spliced, which may have different cross-sectional dimensions. According to some embodiments, the relative distance of the optical waveguide sections and/or the power of the multiple laser beams may be varied during splicing operations.
摘要翻译： 提供了适合于执行光波导部分的低损耗熔接的技术和系统。 根据一些实施例，可以使用多个激光束（来自一个或多个激光器）来均匀地加热包括可以具有不同横截面尺寸的要拼接的光波导部分的部分的接合区域。 根据一些实施例，可以在拼接操作期间改变光波导部分的相对距离和/或多个激光束的功率。
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6.发明授权Tunable optical filter having large diameter optical waveguide with bragg grating and being configured for reducing the bulk modulus of compressibility thereof 有权具有布拉格光栅的具有大直径光波导的可调谐滤光器，并且被配置为减小其压缩率的体积弹性模量公开(公告)号：US07062126B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-13
申请号：US10453880
申请日：2003-06-02
申请人： Alan D. Kersey , Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Michael A. Davis , Thomas W. Engel , Robert N. Brucato , Richard T. Jones , Trevor W. MacDougall , Matthew B. Miller , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis , James M. Sullivan , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： Alan D. Kersey , Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Michael A. Davis , Thomas W. Engel , Robert N. Brucato , Richard T. Jones , Trevor W. MacDougall , Matthew B. Miller , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis , James M. Sullivan , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/024 , B29D11/00721 , C03B37/01211 , C03B37/0122 , C03B37/01222 , C03B2203/14 , C03B2203/16 , C03B2203/34 , G01D5/35303 , G01D5/35383 , G01L1/246 , G01L11/025 , G02B6/02042 , G02B6/021 , G02B6/0218 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/02385 , G02B6/0239
摘要： A tunable optical filter has a large diameter cane waveguide with “side-holes” in the cane cross-section that reduce the force required to compress the large diameter optical waveguide without overly compromising the buckling strength thereof. The large diameter optical waveguide has a cross-section of at least about 0.3 millimeters, including at least one inner core, a Bragg grating arranged therein, a cladding surrounding the inner core, and a structural configuration for providing a reduced bulk modulus of compressibility and maintaining the anti-buckling strength of the large diameter optical waveguide. The structural configuration reduces the cross-sectional area of the large diameter optical waveguide. These side holes reduce the amount of glass that needs to be compressed, but retains the large diameter.
摘要翻译： 可调谐滤光器具有在拐杖横截面中具有“侧孔”的大直径拐杖波导，其减小压缩大直径光波导所需的力而不会过度损害其屈曲强度。 大直径光波导具有至少约0.3毫米的横截面，包括至少一个内芯，布置在其中的布拉格光栅，围绕内芯的包层，以及用于提供减小的压缩弹性模量的结构构造，以及 保持大直径光波导的抗弯曲强度。 结构构造减小了大直径光波导的横截面积。 这些侧孔减少了需要压缩的玻璃量，但是保留了大直径。
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公开(公告)号：US06633695B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-14
申请号：US09800918
申请日：2001-03-06
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G02B628
CPC分类号： G02B6/2932 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/29322 , G02B6/29383 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/29398 , H04J14/021
摘要： A compression-tuned fiber Bragg grating based reconfigurable wavelength add/drop module has a compression force assembly and an all-glass Bragg grating compression unit having gratings spaced along an axis of compression. The compression force assembly responds to a control electronics signal containing information about a selected wavelength of a channel to be added to or dropped from an optical traffic signal, for providing a compression force applied along the axis of compression. The compression unit responds to the optical traffic signal and the compression force, for providing an all-glass Bragg grating compression unit optical signal having the selected wavelength of the channel to be added to or dropped from the optical traffic signal. The compression unit optical signal may include either the traffic with an added reflected channel(s), or a dropped reflected channel(s). The compression unit is a “dogbone” structure having either a glass tube with an optical fiber fused therein, or a single large diameter waveguide having a core. The core of the optical fiber or waveguide has the gratings spaced therein. The axis of compression is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the dogbone structure.
摘要翻译： 基于压缩调谐光纤布拉格光栅的可重构波长加/减模块具有压缩组件和全玻璃布拉格光栅压缩单元，其具有沿压缩轴间隔开的光栅。 压缩力组件响应于控制电子信号，该控制电子信号包含关于要添加到或从光学交通信号中掉落的信道的选定波长的信息，以提供沿着压缩轴施加的压缩力。 压缩单元响应于光学交通信号和压缩力，用于提供具有要被添加到或从光学交通信号中掉落的信道的所选波长的全玻璃布拉格光栅压缩单元光信号。 压缩单元光信号可以包括具有附加反射信道的业务或者丢弃的反射信道。 压缩单元是具有熔合在其中的光纤的玻璃管或具有芯的单个大直径波导的“狗骨”结构。 光纤或波导的核心具有间隔开的光栅。 压缩轴线与狗骨架结构的纵向轴线平行
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公开(公告)号：US06626043B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09494417
申请日：2000-01-31
IPC分类号： G01L900
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01L9/0077 , G01L11/025
摘要： A fluid diffusion resistant tube-encased fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within a sensing element, such as a glass capillary shell 20. A fluid blocking coating 30 is disposed on the outside surface of the capillary shell to prevent the diffusion of fluids, such as water molecules from diffusing into the shell. The fluid diffusion resistant fiber optic sensor reduces errors caused by the diffusion of water into the shell when the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions.
摘要翻译： 耐流体扩散的管封装的光纤光栅压力传感器包括一个光纤10，其中布置有布拉格光栅12，其被封装在诸如玻璃毛细管壳20之类的感测元件内。流体阻挡涂层30设置在外表面 的毛细管壳，以防止流体的扩散，例如水分子扩散到壳体中。 当传感器暴露在恶劣的条件下时，防止流体扩散的光纤传感器减少了由水扩散到壳体中引起的误差。
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公开(公告)号：US08070369B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-06
申请号：US10755708
申请日：2004-01-12
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
CPC分类号： G02B6/2551
摘要： Techniques and systems suitable for performing low-loss fusion splicing of optical waveguide sections are provided. According to some embodiments, multiple laser beams (from one or more laser) may be utilized to uniformly heat a splice region including portions of the optical waveguide sections to be spliced, which may have different cross-sectional dimensions. According to some embodiments, the relative distance of the optical waveguide sections and/or the power of the multiple laser beams may be varied during splicing operations.
摘要翻译： 提供了适合于执行光波导部分的低损耗熔接的技术和系统。 根据一些实施例，可以使用多个激光束（来自一个或多个激光器）来均匀地加热包括可以具有不同横截面尺寸的要拼接的光波导部分的部分的接合区域。 根据一些实施例，可以在拼接操作期间改变光波导部分的相对距离和/或多个激光束的功率。
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10.发明授权Method for restoring photosensitivity in hydrogen or deuterium loaded large diameter optical waveguide 有权在氢或氘负载的大直径光波导中恢复光敏性的方法公开(公告)号：US07269316B2
公开(公告)日：2007-09-11
申请号：US11432639
申请日：2006-05-11
IPC分类号： G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 , G02B5/1857 , G02B6/02114 , G02B6/02123
摘要： The present invention provides a new and unique method for increasing the photosensitivity of a large diameter optical waveguide having a cross-section of at least about 0.3 millimeters. The method features loading the large diameter optical waveguide with a photosensitizing gas at a pressure at least about 4000 pounds per square inch (PSI) at a temperature of at least about 250° Celsius. The photosensitizing gas may be hydrogen, Deuterium or other suitable gas. The method also includes the step of using a particular large diameter optical waveguide having a core more than 1000 microns from the surface thereof.The method may be used as part of a process for writing a Bragg grating in an inner core or a cladding of the large diameter optical waveguide.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种增加具有至少约0.3毫米横截面的大直径光波导的光敏性的新颖且独特的方法。 该方法特征是在至少约250℃的温度下，在至少约4000磅/平方英寸（PSI）的压力下加载具有光敏气体的大直径光波导。 光敏气体可以是氢气，氘气或其它合适的气体。 该方法还包括使用具有从其表面超过1000微米的芯的特定大直径光波导的步骤。 该方法可以用作在大直径光波导的内芯或包层中写入布拉格光栅的过程的一部分。
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