公开(公告)号：US20120257629A1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-11

申请号：US13084531

申请日：2011-04-11

申请人： Vijayan Ramakrishnan ,  Sami Boutros ,  Leo Chun-Chuen Chan ,  Reshad Rahman ,  Sundar Siddaramaiah Bettadahalli ,  Sivakumar Subramaniyan Ganapathy

发明人： Vijayan Ramakrishnan ,  Sami Boutros ,  Leo Chun-Chuen Chan ,  Reshad Rahman ,  Sundar Siddaramaiah Bettadahalli ,  Sivakumar Subramaniyan Ganapathy

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/68

摘要： In one embodiment, line cards of packet switching or other network devices are configured for terminating pseudowires. Typically, this includes multiple line cards being configured for terminating a same pseudowire, which allows the corresponding pseudowire traffic to be received by any one of these multiple line cards. Each of these pseudowire-terminating line cards is typically configured to apply one or more features to a pseudowire packet. Examples of these features include, but are not limited to: Access Control List, Quality of Service, Netflow, and Lawful Intercept. For a received packet to be sent out one of these pseudowires, a two-stage lookup operation can be used to first identify the pseudowire over which to forward the packet; and a second lookup operation based on the pseudowire to identify forwarding information corresponding to a path through a network over which a corresponding pseudowire is configured.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，分组交换或其他网络设备的线路卡被配置用于终止伪线。 通常，这包括配置用于终止相同伪线的多个线卡，这允许相应的伪线路业务由这些多个线卡中的任一个接收。 这些伪线终端线卡中的每一个通常被配置为将一个或多个特征应用于伪线分组。 这些功能的示例包括但不限于：访问控制列表，服务质量，Netflow和合法拦截。 对于要发送出这些伪线中的一个的接收分组，可以使用两阶段查找操作来首先识别用于转发分组的伪线; 以及基于伪线的第二查找操作，以识别与通过其配置相应伪线的网络相对应的路径的转发信息。

公开(公告)号：US08848716B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-30

申请号：US13084531

申请日：2011-04-11

申请人： Vijayan Ramakrishnan ,  Sami Boutros ,  Leo Chun-Chuen Chan ,  Reshad Rahman ,  Sundar Siddaramaiah Bettadahalli ,  Sivakumar Subramaniyan Ganapathy

发明人： Vijayan Ramakrishnan ,  Sami Boutros ,  Leo Chun-Chuen Chan ,  Reshad Rahman ,  Sundar Siddaramaiah Bettadahalli ,  Sivakumar Subramaniyan Ganapathy

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  G06F15/16

CPC分类号： H04L45/68

摘要： In one embodiment, line cards of packet switching or other network devices are configured for terminating pseudowires. Typically, this includes multiple line cards being configured for terminating a same pseudowire, which allows the corresponding pseudowire traffic to be received by any one of these multiple line cards. Each of these pseudowire-terminating line cards is typically configured to apply one or more features to a pseudowire packet. Examples of these features include, but are not limited to: Access Control List, Quality of Service, Netflow, and Lawful Intercept. For a received packet to be sent out one of these pseudowires, a two-stage lookup operation can be used to first identify the pseudowire over which to forward the packet; and a second lookup operation based on the pseudowire to identify forwarding information corresponding to a path through a network over which a corresponding pseudowire is configured.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，分组交换或其他网络设备的线路卡被配置用于终止伪线。 通常，这包括配置用于终止相同伪线的多个线卡，这允许相应的伪线路业务由这些多个线卡中的任一个接收。 这些伪线终端线卡中的每一个通常被配置为将一个或多个特征应用于伪线分组。 这些功能的示例包括但不限于：访问控制列表，服务质量，Netflow和合法拦截。 对于要发送出这些伪线中的一个的接收分组，可以使用两阶段查找操作来首先识别用于转发分组的伪线; 以及基于伪线的第二查找操作，以识别与通过其配置相应伪线的网络相对应的路径的转发信息。

公开(公告)号：US20060092952A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-04

申请号：US10964184

申请日：2004-10-13

申请人： Sami Boutros ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  David Ward ,  Stefano Previdi ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Rodolphe Figaro ,  Reshad Rahman

发明人： Sami Boutros ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  David Ward ,  Stefano Previdi ,  Jean-Philippe Vasseur ,  Rodolphe Figaro ,  Reshad Rahman

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L47/125 ,  H04L41/06 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L47/2408 ,  H04L47/745

摘要： A system and method for advertising out-of-resources (OOR) conditions for entities, such as nodes, line cards and data links, in a manner that does not involve using a maximum cost to indicate the entity is “out-of-resources.” According to the technique, an OOR condition for an entity is advertised in one or more type-length-value (TLV) objects contained in an advertisement message. The advertisement message is flooded to nodes on a data network to inform them of the entity's OOR condition. Head-end nodes that process the advertisement message may use information contained in the TLV object to determine a path for a new label switched path (LSP) that does not include the entity associated with the OOR condition.

摘要翻译： 用于以不涉及使用最大成本来指示实体的方式向诸如节点，线路卡和数据链路的实体（例如节点，线路卡和数据链路）广告外部资源（OOR）条件的系统和方法是“超出资源 “。 根据该技术，在广告消息中包含的一个或多个类型长度值（TLV）对象中通告实体的OOR条件。 广告消息被洪泛到数据网络上的节点，以通知他们实体的OOR条件。 处理广告消息的头端节点可以使用包含在TLV对象中的信息来确定不包括与OOR条件相关联的实体的新标签交换路径（LSP）的路径。

公开(公告)号：US09094344B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-28

申请号：US13234331

申请日：2011-09-16

申请人： Sami Boutros ,  George Leonard Swallow ,  Nobushige Akiya

发明人： Sami Boutros ,  George Leonard Swallow ,  Nobushige Akiya

IPC分类号： H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/931 ,  H04L12/935

CPC分类号： H04L45/66 ,  H04L49/3054 ,  H04L49/351

摘要： In one embodiment, a Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) asynchronous mode session is established between two packet switching devices interconnected by one or more physical links. Prior to L2 or L3 services being established, each of these packet switching devices does not know the Media Access Control (MAC) nor Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of each interface of the other packet switching device that is connected to one of these link(s). A request to establish a BFD session is sent from one packet switching device to the other, with a MAC frame including the request being addressed to a group, broadcast, or other address that the receiving packet switching device will recognize and thus process the received request. Based on information contained in this received MAC frame, the receiving packet switching device has the information it needs, and sends a BFD control frame to the other packet switching device.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，通过一个或多个物理链路互连的两个分组交换设备之间建立双向转发检测（BFD）异步模式会话。 在建立L2或L3服务之前，这些分组交换设备中的每一个不知道连接到这些链路之一的另一分组交换设备的每个接口的媒体接入控制（MAC）或互联网协议（IP）地址 s）。 将建立BFD会话的请求从一个分组交换设备发送到另一个分组交换设备，其中MAC帧包括寻址到接收分组交换设备将识别的组，广播或其他地址的请求，从而处理接收到的请求 。 根据接收的MAC帧中包含的信息，接收分组交换装置具有需要的信息，向另一个分组交换装置发送BFD控制帧。

公开(公告)号：US08467403B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12769946

申请日：2010-04-29

申请人： Yuri Tsier ,  Parag Kumar Jain ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Sami Boutros ,  John H. W. Bettink

发明人： Yuri Tsier ,  Parag Kumar Jain ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  Sami Boutros ,  John H. W. Bettink

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L49/253 ,  H04L49/3009

摘要： Disclosed are, inter alia, methods, apparatus, computer-storage media, mechanisms, and means associated with the coordinated updating of forwarding information bases (FIBs) in a multistage packet switching device, which performs at least lookup operations on multiple different FIBs in determining how to forward a packet. One embodiment uses lookup operations on two different FIBs, with these being an ingress FIB on an ingress line card and an egress FIB on an egress line card. In response to a change in the forwarding information for a stream of packets, the egress FIBs are first updated to include both the old and new forwarding information. After all egress FIBs have been updated, the ingress FIBs are updated to use the new forwarding information. This update procedure is designed to eliminate loss or duplication of packets induced during the updating of these FIBs to use the new forwarding information.

摘要翻译： 公开了尤其涉及在多级分组交换设备中与转发信息库（FIB）的协调更新相关联的方法，装置，计算机存储介质，机制和装置，其在多个不同的FIB中执行至少查找操作来确定 如何转发数据包。 一个实施例对两个不同的FIB进行查找操作，这些FIB是入口线卡上的入口FIB和出口线卡上的出口FIB。 响应于分组流的转发信息的改变，首先更新出口FIB以包括旧的和新的转发信息。 在所有出口FIB已被更新之后，入口FIB被更新以使用新的转发信息。 该更新过程旨在消除在更新这些FIB期间引起的分组丢失或重复以使用新的转发信息。

公开(公告)号：US20110280121A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-17

申请号：US12778871

申请日：2010-05-12

申请人： Sami Boutros ,  Nagi Reddy Jonnala ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  George Swallow ,  David D. Ward

发明人： Sami Boutros ,  Nagi Reddy Jonnala ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  George Swallow ,  David D. Ward

IPC分类号： H04L12/24 ,  H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L41/0677

摘要： An example method includes detecting a failure at a first network element, the failure is associated with a link between the first network element and a second network element. The method also includes generating a list of network elements to be notified based on the failure, the second network element is included on the list. The method further includes generating an alarm indication signal (AIS) message, the AIS message identifies a plurality of tunnels affected by the failure. The AIS message is communicated to the second network element. In more detailed embodiments, each link between the first network element and the second network element includes a globally unique link identifier, which includes an associated autonomous system number. The globally unique link identifier can represent a string to be associated with the plurality of tunnels, the globally unique link identifier includes a source address and a destination address.

摘要翻译： 示例性方法包括检测第一网络元件的故障，故障与第一网络元件和第二网络元件之间的链路相关联。 该方法还包括基于故障生成要通知的网元的列表，第二网元包括在列表中。 该方法还包括生成报警指示信号（AIS）消息，AIS消息识别受故障影响的多个隧道。 AIS消息被传送到第二网元。 在更详细的实施例中，第一网络元件和第二网络元件之间的每个链路包括全球唯一链接标识符，其包括相关联的自主系统号码。 全球唯一的链路标识符可以表示要与多个隧道相关联的字符串，全球唯一的链路标识符包括源地址和目的地址。

公开(公告)号：US08908527B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-09

申请号：US13018125

申请日：2011-01-31

申请人： Sami Boutros ,  Yuri Tsier ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Pradosh Mohapatra ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  John H. W. Bettink ,  Luca Martini

发明人： Sami Boutros ,  Yuri Tsier ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan ,  Pradosh Mohapatra ,  Clarence Filsfils ,  John H. W. Bettink ,  Luca Martini

IPC分类号： G01R31/08 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G08C15/00 ,  H04J1/16 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L12/26

CPC分类号： H04L45/502 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/04

摘要： In one embodiment, an access component of a local network edge device receives traffic, and generates a frame for the traffic that includes a remote context label that identifies an access component of the remote network edge device to which the traffic is to be forwarded upon arrival at the remote network edge device, and a virtual circuit label corresponding to a particular virtual service of the traffic. The local network edge device forwards the frame towards the remote network edge device. In another embodiment, the frame may be received at a core component of the remote network edge device, an in response to the remote context label identifying an access component of the remote network edge device, forwarded to the access component, which determines the particular virtual service, and forwards the traffic from the frame out the access component towards an endpoint for the traffic.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，本地网络边缘设备的接入组件接收业务，并且生成包括远程上下文标签的业务的帧，所述远程上下文标签识别到达所述业务将被转发到的远程网络边缘设备的接入组件 在远程网络边缘设备处，以及对应于业务的特定虚拟服务的虚拟电路标签。 本地网络边缘设备将帧转发到远程网络边缘设备。 在另一个实施例中，可以在远程网络边缘设备的核心组件处接收帧，响应于远程上下文标签识别远程网络边缘设备的接入组件，转发到接入组件，其确定特定虚拟 服务，并将来自帧的流量从访问组件转发到流量的端点。

公开(公告)号：US08908517B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-09

申请号：US13045408

申请日：2011-03-10

申请人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Pradosh Mohapatra ,  Sami Boutros

发明人： Clarence Filsfils ,  Pradosh Mohapatra ,  Sami Boutros

IPC分类号： H04L1/00 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/743

CPC分类号： H04L45/38 ,  H04L45/7453

摘要： In one embodiment, an edge device of a core network may receive a plurality of packets from a peripheral network having a plurality of active connections to the core network, where each packet has a destination address and a source address. The edge device may compute a hash on the destination address or the source address of each packet, and determine whether the computed hash corresponds to the edge device. In response to the computed hash not corresponding to the edge device, the edge device may drop the packet, and in response to the computed hash corresponding to the edge device, the edge device may process the packet to forward the packet, where the dropping and processing load balances the plurality of packets over the active connections and prevents formation of loops in the core network.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，核心网络的边缘设备可以从具有到核心网络的多个活动连接的外围网络接收多个分组，其中每个分组具有目的地地址和源地址。 边缘设备可以计算目的地址或每个分组的源地址上的散列，并确定所计算的散列是否对应于边缘设备。 响应于不对应于边缘设备的计算哈希，边缘设备可以丢弃该分组，并且响应于与边缘设备相对应的计算出的哈希，边缘设备可以处理分组以转发分组，其中丢弃和 处理负载通过主动连接来平衡多个分组，并且防止在核心网络中形成环路。

公开(公告)号：US08761048B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-24

申请号：US13471676

申请日：2012-05-15

申请人： Ali Sajassi ,  Samer Salam ,  Sami Boutros

发明人： Ali Sajassi ,  Samer Salam ,  Sami Boutros

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/24 ,  H04L29/12

CPC分类号： H04L41/12 ,  H04L29/12066 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L61/1511

摘要： In one embodiment, a method includes determining when a predetermined period of time has elapsed, and determining whether at least a first message has been obtained on a first port of a node during the predetermined period of time when it is determined that the predetermined period of time has elapsed. The method also includes identifying the first port as being connected to a single-homed site when it is determined that the at least first message has not been obtained on the first port during the predetermined period of time. The first port is identified as being connected to a multi-homed network, a multi-homed device, or a hierarchical Ethernet segment when it is determined that the at least first message has been obtained on the first port during the predetermined period of time.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括确定何时经过了预定的时间段，并且在确定在预定时间段的预定时间段内，确定在节点的第一端口上是否已经获得了至少第一消息 时间已经过去了 该方法还包括当在预定时间段内确定在第一端口上尚未获得至少第一消息时，将第一端口识别为连接到单个归属站点。 当在预定时间段内确定已经在第一端口上获得了至少第一消息时，第一端口被识别为连接到多归属网络，多归属设备或分层以太网段。

公开(公告)号：US20130254359A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-26

申请号：US13428436

申请日：2012-03-23

申请人： Sami Boutros ,  Samer Salam ,  Ali Sajassi ,  Clarence Filsfils

发明人： Sami Boutros ,  Samer Salam ,  Ali Sajassi ,  Clarence Filsfils

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L61/103 ,  H04L61/6009

摘要： An example method is provided that includes determining whether an address resolution protocol reply from a local machine has been received at an edge node; updating a local cache based on the reply from the local machine; and sending the reply to a plurality of edge nodes through a data plane of a data center interconnect. In more specific implementations, the method can include determining whether an address resolution protocol request has been received from the local machine. The method could also include updating a local machine cache based on the request. In certain implementations, the method can include determining whether the request is targeting the local machine; and dropping the request if the request is targeting the local machine. The method could also include sending the request through the data center interconnect if the request is not targeting the local machine.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种示例性方法，其包括确定在边缘节点处是否已经接收到来自本地机器的地址解析协议应答; 根据本地机器的回复更新本地缓存; 并通过数据中心互连的数据平面将答复发送到多个边缘节点。 在更具体的实现中，该方法可以包括确定是否已经从本地机器接收到地址解析协议请求。 该方法还可以包括基于该请求更新本地机器缓存。 在某些实现中，该方法可以包括确定请求是否针对本地机器; 如果请求针对本地机器，则删除该请求。 该方法还可以包括如果请求不针对本地机器，则通过数据中心互连发送请求。