公开(公告)号：US06300924B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-09

申请号：US08561223

申请日：1995-11-21

申请人： Vishal Markandey ,  Stephen W. Marshall ,  Donald B. Doherty ,  Venkat V. Easwar ,  Paul M. Urbanus ,  Robert J. Gove

发明人： Vishal Markandey ,  Stephen W. Marshall ,  Donald B. Doherty ,  Venkat V. Easwar ,  Paul M. Urbanus ,  Robert J. Gove

IPC分类号： G09G334

CPC分类号： G09G3/34 ,  G09G3/2092 ,  G09G2310/0205 ,  G09G2310/0229 ,  G09G2360/18

摘要： An SLM-based video receiver (10) receives a video input of some standardized format at a signal interface unit (11) and passes the input to a processor (12). The processor (12) performs analog-to-digital conversion if the pixel data is analog and also performs other enhancements to prepare the pixel data for loading into a video memory (14). The pixel data from the processor (12), representing a field of pixel data, is stored into the memory (14) for loading into rows of pixel elements of a spatial light modulator (16). The spatial light modulator (16) receives the pixel data in rows and each individual pixel element responds accordingly. The pixel elements of the spatial light modulator (16) emit light or reflect light from a source (18) and generate a video frame for display on a screen (20). By exploiting the addressing functions of the spatial light modulator (16), the SLM-based video receiver (10) displays a video frame using a field of pixel data.

摘要翻译： 基于SLM的视频接收器（10）在信号接口单元（11）处接收一些标准格式的视频输入，并将输入传递给处理器（12）。 如果像素数据是模拟的，则处理器（12）执行模数转换，并且还执行其他增强以准备用于加载到视频存储器（14）中的像素数据。 来自处理器（12）的表示像素数据的像素数据被存储到存储器（14）中，用于加载到空间光调制器（16）的像素元件行中。 空间光调制器（16）以行的形式接收像素数据，并且各个像素元件相应地进行响应。 空间光调制器（16）的像素元件发光或反射来自源（18）的光，并产生用于在屏幕（20）上显示的视频帧。 通过利用空间光调制器（16）的寻址功能，基于SLM的视频接收器（10）使用像素数据的场来显示视频帧。

公开(公告)号：US06498816B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-24

申请号：US09390239

申请日：1999-09-03

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  John S. O'Donnell ,  Ramachandran Natarajan ,  Robert J. Gove

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  John S. O'Donnell ,  Ramachandran Natarajan ,  Robert J. Gove

IPC分类号： H04B166

CPC分类号： H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/51

摘要： A video processing circuit includes a processor that receives encoded images each having respective first and second regions and that receives a motion vector of the first region of a first one of the images. If the motion vector points to the second region of an image, the processor re-encodes at least a portion of the first region of the first image such that the first region of the first image has no motion vector that points to the second region of an image.

摘要翻译： 视频处理电路包括接收编码图像的处理器，每个编码图像具有相应的第一和第二区域，并且接收第一个图像的第一区域的运动矢量。 如果运动矢量指向图像的第二区域，则处理器重新编码第一图像的第一区域的至少一部分，使得第一图像的第一区域没有指向第二区域的运动矢量 一个图像。

公开(公告)号：US07372485B1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-13

申请号：US09434703

申请日：1999-11-05

申请人： Eric O. Bodnar ,  Shekhar Kirani ,  Venkat V. Easwar ,  Philippe R. Kahn ,  Sonia Lee Kahn

发明人： Eric O. Bodnar ,  Shekhar Kirani ,  Venkat V. Easwar ,  Philippe R. Kahn ,  Sonia Lee Kahn

IPC分类号： H04N9/68 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： G06T9/007

摘要： A digital imaging system is described that provides techniques for reducing the amount of processing power required by a given digital camera device and for reducing the bandwidth required for transmitting image information to a target platform. The system defers and/or distributes the processing between the digital imager (i.e., digital camera itself) and the target platform that the digital imager will ultimately be connected to. In this manner, the system is able to decrease the actual computation that occurs at the digital imager. Instead, the system only performs a partial computation at the digital imager device and completes the computation somewhere else, such as at a target computing device (e.g., desktop computer) where time and size are not an issue (relative to the imager). By deferring resource-intensive computations, the present invention substantially reduces the processor requirements and concomitant battery requirements for digital cameras. Further, by adopting an image strategy optimized for compression (compressed luminosity record), the present invention decreases the bandwidth requirements for transmitting images, thereby facilitating the wireless transmission of digital camera images.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种数字成像系统，其提供用于减少给定的数码相机设备所需的处理能力的量并减少将图像信息传输到目标平台所需的带宽的技术。 该系统在数字成像器（即，数字照相机本身）和数字成像器最终将连接到的目标平台之间延迟和/或分发处理。 以这种方式，系统能够减少在数字成像器处发生的实际计算。 相反，该系统仅在数字成像器设备处执行部分计算，并且在诸如在时间和大小不是问题（相对于成像器）的目标计算设备（例如，台式计算机）处的其它地方完成计算。 通过推迟资源密集型计算，本发明大大降低了数字照相机的处理器要求和伴随的电池要求。 此外，通过采用针对压缩（压缩发光度记录）优化的图像策略，本发明降低了发送图像的带宽要求，从而有助于数字照相机图像的无线传输。

公开(公告)号：US06744533B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-01

申请号：US09392137

申请日：1999-09-08

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Fred J. Reuter ,  Ralph Payne

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Fred J. Reuter ,  Ralph Payne

IPC分类号： G06F1500

CPC分类号： G06K15/02 ,  G06K15/1851 ,  G06K15/1856

摘要： A method and system for efficient buffer rendering. An object mask, typically a character font mask, is aligned with a memory tiling arrangement (1102). A tile map is generated (1104) to indicate active tiles. An active tile is selected (1106) and the portion of the buffer corresponding to the active tile is transferred (1108) from a first memory, typically an off-chip memory, to a second memory, typically an on-chip memory to allow a processor to render the band buffer tile. The portion of the band buffer is rendered (1110) and returned (1112) to the first memory. The next active tile is selected and the process continues until all active tiles have been rendered (1114).

摘要翻译： 一种有效缓冲渲染的方法和系统。 对象掩码（通常是字符字体掩码）与存储器拼贴布置（1102）对准。 生成瓦片图（1104）以指示活动瓦片。 选择活动瓦片（1106），并且与活动瓦片相对应的缓冲器的部分从第一存储器（通常为片外存储器）传送（1108）到第二存储器，通常为片上存储器，以允许 处理器来渲染带缓冲区块。 带状缓冲器的部分被渲染（1110）并返回（1112）到第一存储器。 选择下一个活动的图块，并且该过程继续，直到所有活动的图块都被渲染（1114）。

公开(公告)号：US06693719B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US09397540

申请日：1999-09-16

申请人： Sadhana Gupta ,  Suvarna Harish Kumar ,  Venkat V. Easwar ,  Arunabha Ghose

发明人： Sadhana Gupta ,  Suvarna Harish Kumar ,  Venkat V. Easwar ,  Arunabha Ghose

IPC分类号： G06K1500

CPC分类号： G06T11/40

摘要： This invention cures many inefficiencies with known scan conversion methods. This invention employs an edge array rather than a set linked list from an array of pointers equal in number to the number of scan lines. This invention thus eliminates storage of linked list pointers which in the prior art included many null pointers resulting in better memory utilization. This invention sorts the active edge table only at edge intersections and vertices, thus eliminating much unneeded sorting. This invention permits integrated clipping of a subject polygon by a clip polygon and forming trapezoids filling the clipped area by activating trapezoid formation at every vertex of either polygon and at every edge intersection. This process saves code space and computer processing time. This invention efficiently utilizes the resources of a multiprocessor integrated circuit by spawning of subtasks from a RISC type processor to one or more DSP type processors.

摘要翻译： 本发明通过已知的扫描转换方法固化许多低效率。 本发明采用边缘阵列而不是来自与扫描线数量相等的指针阵列的设置链表。 因此，本发明消除了链接列表指针的存储，其在现有技术中包括许多空指针，导致更好的存储器利用。 本发明仅在边缘交叉点和顶点处分割活动边缘表，从而消除了不必要的分类。 本发明允许通过剪辑多边形对对象多边形进行集成剪裁，并且通过激活在任一多边形的每个顶点处和每个边缘交点处的梯形形成来填充剪切区域的梯形。 此过程可节省代码空间和计算机处理时间。 本发明通过将子任务从RISC型处理器产生到一个或多个DSP类型处理器来有效地利用多处理器集成电路的资源。

公开(公告)号：US20110128403A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-02

申请号：US12961397

申请日：2010-12-06

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Eric O. Bodnar

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Eric O. Bodnar

IPC分类号： G06K9/46 ,  H04N5/228

CPC分类号： G06T9/007 ,  H04N1/2112 ,  H04N1/46 ,  H04N1/64 ,  H04N2201/3247

摘要： An in-camera two-stage compression implementation is described that reduces the latency between snapshots to a fraction of that otherwise required by other systems that either process complete compression following each snapshot or that incorporate heavy, bulky, and expensive RAM hardware capable of maintaining several raw luminosity records (unprocessed file containing a digital image). In the 1st stage compression the raw luminosity record is quickly, yet partially, compressed to available RAM buffer space to allow a user to expeditiously capture a succeeding image. When the higher-priority processes, the user shooting pictures, and stage one compression subside, a 2nd stage compression, which is slower but more effective, decompresses the earlier partially-compressed images, and re-compresses them for saving in flash memory until they are distributed to a remote platform to be finally converted to the JPEG2000 format.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种相机内两级压缩实现，将快照之间的延迟减少到其他系统要求的一小部分，这些系统在每个快照之后处理完整的压缩，或者包含重，体积庞大，昂贵的RAM硬件，能够维护几个 原始亮度记录（包含数字图像的未处理文件）。 在第一阶段压缩中，原始光度记录快速但部分地被压缩到可用的RAM缓冲空间，以允许用户快速捕获后续图像。 当优先级较高的进程，用户拍摄图片并进行一级压缩时，第二级压缩（其速度较慢但更有效）对先前的部分压缩图像进行解压缩，并重新压缩它们以保存在闪存中，直到它们 分发到远程平台，最终转换成JPEG2000格式。

公开(公告)号：US06940619B1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-06

申请号：US09713561

申请日：2000-11-15

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar

IPC分类号： H04N1/40 ,  H04N1/405

CPC分类号： H04N1/40087 ,  H04N1/405

摘要： This invention is a computer implemented method of approximating a gray scale tone with a more limited range image producer. One of a plurality of tone curves is associated with each pixel of a screening matrix. The plural tone curves are approximated by a polynomial and the polynominal coefficients are determined. The polynomial coefficients are stored in a look-up table. Each pixel of an image is mapped to a corresponding pixel of the screening matrix. For each pixel the corresponding polynomial coefficients approximating the tone curve are recalled and used to compute a pixel output value from a pixel input value. The polynomial is preferrably of the third degree polynomial and in a form easily computed using a digital signal processor with a hardware multiplier and arithmetic logic unit. Screening in this manner requires less memory storing the screening data than the prior art pure look-up table screening.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用更有限范围的图像产生器近似灰度色调的计算机实现方法。 多个色调曲线中的一个与筛选矩阵的每个像素相关联。 多重色调曲线由多项式近似，并确定多项式系数。 多项式系数存储在查询表中。 图像的每个像素被映射到筛选矩阵的相应像素。 对于每个像素，相应的多项式系数近似于色调曲线被调用并用于从像素输入值计算像素输出值。 多项式优选为三次多项式，并且以使用具有硬件乘法器和算术逻辑单元的数字信号处理器容易计算的形式。 以现有技术的纯查询表筛选，以这种方式进行筛选需要更少的存储筛选数据的存储器。

公开(公告)号：US06781717B1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-24

申请号：US09713418

申请日：2000-11-15

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Praveen K. Ganapathy

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Praveen K. Ganapathy

IPC分类号： G06F1500

CPC分类号： H04N1/405 ,  G06T5/009 ,  G06T2207/10008

摘要： A screening method in a printer for approximating a gray scale tone with a more limited range image producer using a tree search. An input pixel packed data word is compared with a second data word packed with threshold values. The result of the comparison enables selection of a next second data word with thresholds is a narrower range. This process repeats until a comparison with a second data word having adjacent threshold values. The comparing is preferably performed by subtracting the second data word from the first data word in a splittable arithmetic logic unit and storing respective carry outs from each section. The selection of the next second data word uses the stored carry outs from each section. The next second data word can be determined by extracting a left most one of the stored carry outs for use as an index into a table. Alternatively, the stored carry outs can be used directly as an index into a table. An output pixel value is determined for each pixel. This may be computed from the stored carry outs or extracted from a table.

摘要翻译： 一种打印机中的筛选方法，用于使用树搜索与更有限范围的图像生成器近似灰度色调。 将输入像素打印数据字与包含阈值的第二数据字进行比较。 比较的结果使得能够选择具有阈值的下一个第二数据字是较窄的范围。 该过程重复直到与具有相邻阈值的第二数据字进行比较。 比较优选通过从可分割算术逻辑单元中的第一数据字减去第二数据字并且存储来自每个部分的各个进位输出来执行。 下一个第二数据字的选择使用每个部分的存储进位。 下一个第二数据字可以通过提取用于作为表中的索引的所存储的进位输出中的最左边的一个来确定。 或者，存储的进位输出可以直接用作表中的索引。 为每个像素确定输出像素值。 这可以从存储的进位计算或从表中提取来计算。

公开(公告)号：US06567559B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-20

申请号：US09393840

申请日：1999-09-10

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar

IPC分类号： G06K936

CPC分类号： H04N1/41 ,  G06T9/00

摘要： A block based hybrid compression method with compression ratio control. The input page is classified as SOLID, TEXT, SATURATED TEXT or IMAGE type, and the compression method most appropriate for each class is chosen on a block by block basis. The compression methods shown include Block Truncation Coding, Lossy or Lossless Differential Pulse Code Modulation, Run Length Coding and Discrete Cosine Transforms, but other algorithms may also be used. The compression ratio is dynamically controlled by selection of the compression algorithm, and by the adjustment of control parameters on a block by block or a row of blocks basis. The methods shown will execute very efficiently on a Texas Instruments TMS302C82 multiprocessing Digital Signal Processor.

摘要翻译： 一种具有压缩比控制的基于块的混合压缩方法。 输入页面被分类为SOLID，TEXT，SATURATED TEXT或IMAGE类型，并且逐个选择最适合每个类的压缩方法。 所示的压缩方法包括块截断编码，有损或无损差分脉冲编码调制，运行长度编码和离散余弦变换，但也可使用其他算法。 通过压缩算法的选择以及通过按块或一行块的方式调整控制参数来动态地控制压缩比。 所示的方法将在德州仪器TMS302C82多处理数字信号处理器上非常有效地执行。

公开(公告)号：US07369161B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-06

申请号：US09779769

申请日：2001-02-07

申请人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Eric O. Bodnar

发明人： Venkat V. Easwar ,  Eric O. Bodnar

IPC分类号： H04N5/228 ,  H04N5/76 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： G06T9/007 ,  H04N1/2112 ,  H04N1/46 ,  H04N1/64 ,  H04N2201/3247

摘要： An in-camera two-stage compression implementation is described that reduces the latency between snapshots to a fraction of that otherwise required by other systems that either process complete compression following each snapshot or that incorporate heavy, bulky, and expensive RAM hardware capable of maintaining several raw luminosity records (unprocessed file containing a digital image). In the 1st stage compression the raw luminosity record is quickly, yet partially, compressed to available RAM buffer space to allow a user to expeditiously capture a succeeding image. When the higher-priority processes, the user shooting pictures, and stage one compression subside, a 2nd stage compression, which is slower but more effective, decompresses the earlier partially-compressed images, and re-compresses them for saving in flash memory until they are distributed to a remote platform to be finally converted to the JPEG2000 format.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种相机内两级压缩实现，将快照之间的延迟减少到其他系统要求的一小部分，这些系统在每个快照之后处理完整的压缩，或者包含重，体积庞大，昂贵的RAM硬件，能够维护几个 原始亮度记录（包含数字图像的未处理文件）。 在第一阶段压缩中，原始光度记录快速但部分地被压缩到可用的RAM缓冲空间，以允许用户快速捕获后续图像。 当优先级较高的进程，用户拍摄图片并进行一级压缩时，第二级压缩（其速度较慢但更有效）对先前的部分压缩的图像进行解压缩，并重新压缩它们以保存在闪存中，直到它们 分发到远程平台，最终转换成JPEG2000格式。