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公开(公告)号：US07346246B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-18
申请号：US10487980
申请日：2002-08-28
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for quantum information processing is disclosed in which logical qubits |0>L and |1>L are respectively encoded by different near orthogonal coherent states |β> and |α>, where =0, |α> and |β> being the computational basis states for the qubits, for example, in which logical qubits |0>L and |1>L are respectively encoded by different ones of the vacuum state |0> and a multi-photon optical coherent state |α> which states are the computational basis states for the qubits. This provide an efficient scheme for linear optics quantum processing which is deterministic and for which qubit readout can use homodyne detection which is highly efficient. The invention finds application in quantum computation and quantum communication.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于量子信息处理的方法和装置，其中逻辑量子位L 1和L 2分别由不同的近正交相干态|β>和/ |α，其中αα= 0，|α3和|β2是量子位的计算基础状态，例如，其中逻辑量子位| 0> L 1和| 1 分别由不同的真空状态| 0>和多光子光学相干状态|α编码，它们是量子位的计算基础状态。 这为线性光学量子处理提供了一种有效的方案，它是确定性的，并且量子位读数可以使用高效率的零差检测。 本发明适用于量子计算和量子通信。
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公开(公告)号：US08054976B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-08
申请号：US11454624
申请日：2006-06-16
IPC分类号： H04L9/08
CPC分类号： H04B10/116 , G06F7/588 , G06Q20/367 , H04B10/1125 , H04B10/1143 , H04L9/0858 , H04L2209/80
摘要： A quantum key distribution (QKD) system is provided that makes use of a quantum signal of polarized photons and comprises a QKD device and complimentary QKD apparatus. The QKD device has a QKD subsystem comprising one of a QKD transmitter and receiver for inter-working with a complimentary QKD receiver or transmitter of said apparatus. The device also has an alignment subsystem arranged to wirelessly interact with the QKD apparatus to enable generation of user feedback and/or adjustment signals for use in aligning the QKD transmitter and receiver such that the QKD transmitter is pointing at the QKD receiver and the polarization axes of the QKD transmitter and receiver are aligned.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种量子密钥分配（QKD）系统，其利用偏振光子的量子信号并且包括QKD器件和互补QKD器件。 QKD设备具有QKD子系统，其包括QKD发射机和接收机之一，用于与所述设备的互补QKD接收机或发射机进行互操作。 该设备还具有配置为与QKD设备无线地交互的对准子系统，以便能够产生用于对齐QKD发射机和接收机的用户反馈和/或调整信号，使得QKD发射机指向QKD接收机和偏振轴 的QKD发射器和接收器对齐。
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公开(公告)号：US07864958B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US11454632
申请日：2006-06-16
IPC分类号： H04K1/00
CPC分类号： H04L9/0858 , G06F7/588
摘要： A quantum key distribution (QKD) method involves the sending of random data from a QKD transmitter to a QKD receiver over a quantum signal channel, and the QKD transmitter and receiver respectively processing the data transmitted and received over the quantum signal channel in order to seek to derive a common random data set. This processing is effected with the aid of messages exchanged between QKD transmitter and receiver over an insecure classical communication channel. The processing concludes with a check, effected by an exchange of authenticated messages over the classical communication channel, that the QKD transmitter and receiver have derived the same random data set. At least some of the other messages exchanged during processing are exchanged without authentication and integrity checking. A QKD transmitter and QKD receiver are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 量子密钥分配（QKD）方法涉及通过量子信道从QKD发射机向QKD接收机发送随机数据，并且QKD发射机和接收机分别处理通过量子信号信道发送和接收的数据，以便寻找 以得出公共随机数据集。 借助于在不安全的经典通信信道上在QKD发射机和接收机之间交换的消息来实现该处理。 该处理结束于通过经典通信信道的认证消息交换实现的检验，即QKD发射机和接收机已经导出相同的随机数据集。 在处理期间交换的至少一些其他消息被交换，而不进行认证和完整性检查。 还公开了QKD发射机和QKD接收机。
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4.发明授权Methods and systems for executing bit-commitment protocols that are based on entangled quantum states and a third party 有权用于执行基于纠缠量子状态的位承诺协议的方法和系统以及第三方公开(公告)号：US07769173B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-03
申请号：US11590493
申请日：2006-10-30
申请人： William John Munro , Timothy Paul Spiller , Raymond Beausoleil , Keith Harrison , Marco Fiorentino
发明人： William John Munro , Timothy Paul Spiller , Raymond Beausoleil , Keith Harrison , Marco Fiorentino
CPC分类号： H04L9/0858
摘要： Various method and system embodiments of the present invention are directed to executing bit-commitment protocols. In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for executing a bit-commitment protocol for transmitting a bit from a first party to a second party comprises preparing a three qubits are entangled in a W-state, and storing a first of the three qubits in a first storage device controlled by the first party, a second of the three qubits is stored in a second storage device controlled by the second party, and a third of the three qubits is stored in a third storage device controlled by a third party. The bit is revealed to the second party by transmitting the first and third qubits to the second party and measuring the states of the three qubits to which of the entangled W-states the three qubits are in.
摘要翻译： 本发明的各种方法和系统实施例涉及执行比特承诺协议。 在本发明的一个实施例中，一种用于执行用于从第一方向第二方发送比特的比特承诺协议的方法包括：准备三个量子位在W状态中缠绕，并存储三个量子位中的第一个 在由第一方控制的第一存储装置中，三个量子位中的第二个被存储在由第二方控制的第二存储装置中，并且三个量子位中的三个存储在由第三方控制的第三存储装置中。 通过将第一和第三量子位发送到第二方并测量三个量子位处于哪个纠缠的W状态的三个量子位的状态，向第二方显示该位。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080031456A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11490853
申请日：2006-07-21
IPC分类号： H04L9/00
CPC分类号： H04L9/0852 , H04L9/0656 , H04L2209/34 , H04L2209/80
摘要： A device is arranged to carry out security-related tasks using one-time pad data. The device has a memory for holding multiple one-time pads, each pad having a different security rating and being intended for use by the device in executing a task to that security rating. Provisioning of the pads with one-time pad data involves carrying out a process for obtaining new secret random data. This process has a security rating with the value of this rating varying according to the nature and parameters of the process concerned. The security rating of the process used to obtain the new secret random data is matched to that of the pad to be provisioned with one-time data, or the other way around, such that the security rating of the process is as least as good as that of the pad to be provisioned.
摘要翻译： 设备被安排为使用一次性焊盘数据执行与安全相关的任务。 该设备具有用于保持多个一次性焊盘的存储器，每个焊盘具有不同的安全等级，并且被设备用于执行该安全等级的任务。 用一次性垫数据提供垫包括执行用于获得新的秘密随机数据的过程。 该过程具有安全评级，该评级的值根据相关过程的性质和参数而变化。 用于获得新的秘密随机数据的过程的安全等级与要提供一次数据的焊盘的安全等级相匹配，或者相反，使得过程的安全等级至少等于 垫的供应。
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公开(公告)号：US07983422B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US10627158
申请日：2003-07-25
IPC分类号： H04L9/08
CPC分类号： H04L9/0858
摘要： A method of establishing a shared secret random cryptographic key between a sender and a recipient using a quantum communications channel is described. The method comprises: generating a plurality of random quantum states of a quantum entity, each random state being defined by a randomly selected one of a first plurality of bases in Hilbert space, transmitting the plurality of random quantum states of the quantum entity via the quantum channel to a recipient, measuring the quantum state of each of the received quantum states of the quantum entity with respect to a randomly selected one of a second plurality of bases in Hilbert space, transmitting to the recipient composition information describing a subset of the plurality of random quantum states, analysing the received composition information and the measured quantum states corresponding to the subset to derive a first statistical distribution describing the subset of transmitted quantum states and a second statistical distribution describing the corresponding measured quantum states, establishing the level of confidence in the validity of the plurality of transmitted random quantum states by verifying that the first and second statistical distributions are sufficiently similar, deriving a first binary sting and a second binary string, correlated to the first binary string, respectively from the transmitted and received plurality of quantum states not in the subset, and carrying out a reconciliation of the second binary string to the first binary string by using error correction techniques to establish the shared secret random cryptographic key from the first and second binary strings.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用量子通信信道在发送者和接收者之间建立共享密钥随机密码密钥的方法。 该方法包括：产生量子实体的多个随机量子态，每个随机状态由希尔伯特空间中的第一多个碱基中的随机选择的一个定义，通过量子发射量子实体的多个随机量子态 通道到接收者，相对于希尔伯特空间中的第二多个基站中的随机选择的一个测量量子实体的每个接收量子态的量子态，向接收者合成发送描述多个 随机量子状态，分析所接收的组成信息和对应于该子集的测量量子状态以导出描述所发射量子态子集的第一统计分布，以及描述对应测量量子态的第二统计分布， 多个发送的随机量子的有效性 通过验证第一和第二统计分布足够相似，分别从不在子集中的发送和接收的多个量子状态导出与第一二进制串相关的第一二进制字符串和第二二进制字符串，并执行 通过使用纠错技术来从第一和第二二进制串建立共享秘密随机加密密钥来将第二二进制字符串与第一二进制字符串的对帐。
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7.发明申请Methods and systems for executing bit-commitment protocols that are based on entangled quantum states and a third party 有权用于执行基于纠缠量子状态的位承诺协议的方法和系统以及第三方公开(公告)号：US20080107273A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-08
申请号：US11590493
申请日：2006-10-30
申请人： William John Munro , Timothy Paul Spiller , Raymond Beausoleil , Keith Harrison , Marco Fiorentino
发明人： William John Munro , Timothy Paul Spiller , Raymond Beausoleil , Keith Harrison , Marco Fiorentino
IPC分类号： H04L9/08
CPC分类号： H04L9/0858
摘要： Various method and system embodiments of the present invention are directed to executing bit-commitment protocols. In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for executing a bit-commitment protocol for transmitting a bit from a first party to a second party comprises preparing a three qubits are entangled in a W-state, and storing a first of the three qubits in a first storage device controlled by the first party, a second of the three qubits is stored in a second storage device controlled by the second party, and a third of the three qubits is stored in a third storage device controlled by a third party. The bit is revealed to the second party by transmitting the first and third qubits to the second party and measuring the states of the three qubits to which of the entangled W-states the three qubits are in.
摘要翻译： 本发明的各种方法和系统实施例涉及执行比特承诺协议。 在本发明的一个实施例中，一种用于执行用于从第一方向第二方发送比特的比特承诺协议的方法包括：准备三个量子位在W状态中缠绕，并存储三个量子位中的第一个 在由第一方控制的第一存储装置中，三个量子位中的第二个被存储在由第二方控制的第二存储装置中，并且三个量子位中的三个存储在由第三方控制的第三存储装置中。 通过将第一和第三量子位发送到第二方并测量三个量子位处于哪个纠缠的W状态的三个量子位的状态，向第二方显示该位。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08842839B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-23
申请号：US11490853
申请日：2006-07-21
IPC分类号： H04L9/00
CPC分类号： H04L9/0852 , H04L9/0656 , H04L2209/34 , H04L2209/80
摘要： A device is arranged to carry out security-related tasks using one-time pad data. The device has a memory for holding multiple one-time pads, each pad having a different security rating and being intended for use by the device in executing a task to that security rating. Provisioning of the pads with one-time pad data involves carrying out a process for obtaining new secret random data. This process has a security rating with the value of this rating varying according to the nature and parameters of the process concerned. The security rating of the process used to obtain the new secret random data is matched to that of the pad to be provisioned with one-time data, or the other way around, such that the security rating of the process is as least as good as that of the pad to be provisioned.
摘要翻译： 设备被安排为使用一次性焊盘数据执行与安全相关的任务。 该设备具有用于保持多个一次性焊盘的存储器，每个焊盘具有不同的安全等级，并且被设备用于执行该安全等级的任务。 用一次性垫数据提供垫包括执行用于获得新的秘密随机数据的过程。 该过程具有安全评级，该评级的值根据相关过程的性质和参数而变化。 用于获得新的秘密随机数据的过程的安全等级与要提供一次数据的焊盘的安全等级相匹配，或者相反，使得过程的安全等级至少等于 垫的供应。
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9.发明授权Method of provisioning devices with one-time pad data, device for use in such method, and service usage tracking based on one-time pad data 有权使用一次性填充数据提供设备的方法，用于这种方法的设备以及基于一次性填充数据的服务使用跟踪公开(公告)号：US08250363B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US11490852
申请日：2006-07-21
申请人： Christopher Tofts , Timothy Paul Spiller , William John Munro , Martin Sadler , Keith Alexander Harrison
发明人： Christopher Tofts , Timothy Paul Spiller , William John Munro , Martin Sadler , Keith Alexander Harrison
IPC分类号： H04L26/06
CPC分类号： H04L9/0852 , H04L9/0656 , H04L2209/56 , H04L2209/80
摘要： Secret random data is distributed to a plurality of devices to provision them with new one-time pad data for use in interacting with apparatus holding the same one-time pad data. This distribution is effected by provisioning a first device with a block of secret random data that is, or will become, available to the apparatus. Part of the secret random data is then distributed from the first device to one or more other devices in a hierarchical distribution pattern headed by the first device. Each device, other than those at the bottom of the distribution hierarchy, retains part of the secret random data it receives and passes on the remainder. Each device uses that part of the secret random data it has retained to provide the device with new one-time pad data. A method is also provided for tracking service usage based on the distributed one-time pad data.
摘要翻译： 秘密随机数据被分配给多个设备以向它们提供新的一次性填充数据，以用于与保持相同的一次性填充数据的设备进行交互。 这种分配是通过向设备提供具有或将成为可用于该设备的秘密随机数据块来实现的。 然后，秘密随机数据的一部分以由第一设备为首的分层分布模式从第一设备分发到一个或多个其他设备。 每个设备，除了分布层次底部的设备，保留了其接收的一部分秘密随机数据，并传递给其余部分。 每个设备使用其保留的秘密随机数据的该部分为设备提供新的一次性填充数据。 还提供了一种基于分布式一次性衬垫数据来跟踪服务使用的方法。
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10.发明授权Secure transaction method and transaction terminal for use in implementing such method 失效安全交易方式和交易终端用于实施此类方法公开(公告)号：US07721955B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-25
申请号：US11455317
申请日：2006-06-16
CPC分类号： H04B10/116 , G06F7/588 , G06Q20/367 , H04B10/1125 , H04B10/1143 , H04L9/0858 , H04L2209/80
摘要： A secure transaction method is provided for publicly-accessible transaction terminals. The method uses quantum key distribution (QKD) between a hand-portable QKD device and a complimentary QKD apparatus incorporated the transaction terminal. After the QKD device has been brought up to the transaction terminal, the QKD device and the complimentary QKD apparatus of the terminal are is used to provide the device and terminal with new secret shared random material. The new secret shared random material is then used to establish a secure classical communication channel between the device and transaction terminal for conducting a transaction. An ATM terminal and POS terminal that use quantum key distribution are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 为可公开访问的交易终端提供安全交易方法。 该方法使用便携式QKD设备和并入交易终端的互补QKD设备之间的量子密钥分配（QKD）。 在将QKD设备提交到交易终端之后，终端的QKD设备和免费QKD设备被用于向设备和终端提供新的秘密共享随机资料。 然后使用新的秘密共享随机资料在设备和交易终端之间建立一个安全的经典通信通道进行交易。 还公开了一种使用量子密钥分发的ATM终端和POS终端。
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