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1.发明授权Process and apparatus for the production of very fine mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers 失效生产非常细的矿物纤维，特别是玻璃纤维的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4838917A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-13
申请号：US150682
申请日：1988-02-01
IPC分类号： C03B37/06
CPC分类号： C03B37/06
摘要： The streams of melt issuing from the melt outlet apertures (18) at the bottom of a melting crucible (14) are broken up into fibers in a drawing nozzle by means of a blast medium directed substantially parallel to the streams of melt. The blast medium is produced by a pressure gradient in the drawing nozzle and sucked in at the drawing nozzle inlet (7). In the drawing nozzle (16), the flow velocity is reduced in a downstream diffuser after the drawing process. The blast medium is supplied in the form of a hot gas between the underside of the crucible and the top edge (15) of the drawing nozzle from opposite broadsides of the melt distributor (14) in excess to the total quantity of gas stream sucked in at the drawing nozzle inlet (7). The hot gas consists of a mixture of combustion gases and air and is at a temperature from 600.degree. C. to 1500.degree. C., preferably from 800.degree. C. to 1400.degree. C. The flow velocity of the hot gas is adjusted to a value below 100 m/s, preferably 50 m/s, in the region (13) between the drawing nozzle (16) and the melt distributor (14). Gas burners (1) provided for producing the hot gas are arranged with their combustion chambers (3) situated laterally between the melt distributor (14) and the top edge (15) of the debiteuse. The combustion chambers (3) are connected by bores (6) to air chambers which are under an excess pressure. In the combustion chambers (3), the combustion gases are homogeneously mixed with the air introduced.
摘要翻译： 从熔融坩埚（14）底部的熔体出口孔（18）发出的熔体流通过基本上平行于熔体流定向的鼓风介质在拉丝喷嘴中分解成纤维。 鼓风介质由拉伸喷嘴中的压力梯度产生，并在抽吸喷嘴入口（7）处吸入。 在绘图喷嘴（16）中，拉伸处理后的下游扩散器中的流速减小。 鼓风介质以坩埚的下侧和拉丝喷嘴的顶边（15）之间的热气体的形式从熔体分配器（14）的相对的宽边提供，超过吸入的气流的总量 在绘图喷嘴入口（7）处。 热气体由燃烧气体和空气的混合物组成，温度为600℃至1500℃，优选为800℃至1400℃。将热气体的流速调节至 在拉伸喷嘴（16）和熔体分配器（14）之间的区域（13）中的值低于100m / s，优选为50m / s。 设置用于产生热气体的气体燃烧器（1）被布置成其燃烧室（3）横向位于熔体分配器（14）和脱盐槽的顶部边缘（15）之间。 燃烧室（3）通过孔（6）连接到处于过大压力下的空气室。 在燃烧室（3）中，燃烧气体与引入的空气均匀混合。
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公开(公告)号：US4937020A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-26
申请号：US292696
申请日：1989-01-03
摘要： The polymer granular melt (1) is whirled out of a rotating nozzle head (6) through a plurality of exit holes (24) with fibre formation (32) and the fibres formed (9) are deposited on a collecting surface (12) in web form (15). This polymer melt is introduced into the nozzle head (6) under a preliminary pressure of 1 bar to 200 bar, preferably 1 bar to 50 bar. Furthermore, the fibres (32) are deflected by a high-speed gas stream (7, 8) in a radial direction at a radial distance of 10 mm to 200 mm from the exit holes (24) and, in the course of being deflected, are simultaneously drawn and stretched. The melt streams (32) exiting from the exit holes (24) can be additionally drawn by gas streams (26, 34) exiting in the vicinity of the exit holes (24) at the nozzle head (6) with a predominantly radial component before coming under the influence of the axial deflecting gas stream (7, 8).
摘要翻译： 聚合物颗粒状熔体（1）通过具有纤维形成（32）的多个出口孔（24）从旋转喷嘴头（6）旋转出来并且形成的纤维（9）沉积在收集表面（12）上 网络形式（15）。 该聚合物熔体在1巴至200巴，优选1巴至50巴的预备压力下引入喷嘴头（6）。 此外，纤维（32）在离开孔（24）的径向距离为10mm至200mm的径向方向上被高速气流（7,8）偏转，并且在被偏转的过程中 ，同时拉伸和拉伸。 从出口孔（24）排出的熔体流（32）可以另外由在喷嘴头（6）处的出口孔（24）附近出口的气流（26,34）以主要的径向分量吸引 在轴向偏转气流（7,8）的影响下。
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公开(公告)号：US4676815A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US847797
申请日：1986-04-03
申请人： Wolfram Wagner , Peter R. Nyssen , Gunter Espanion , Dirk Berkenhaus , Gunter Haladuda , Hans-Theo van Pey , Karl-Heinz Schott
发明人： Wolfram Wagner , Peter R. Nyssen , Gunter Espanion , Dirk Berkenhaus , Gunter Haladuda , Hans-Theo van Pey , Karl-Heinz Schott
IPC分类号： C03B37/022 , C03B37/06 , D01D5/14
摘要： Filaments of a molten material issue from a plurality of openings in a heated melt crucible and are further fiberized in a draw nozzle by means of a blowing medium. The diameter of the outlet openings (3) at the base of the melt crucible (1) is very small and is 0.2 to 1.5 mm, so that very fine primary filaments (12) are already formed at this point. These primary filaments are grasped by a very turbulent current at the entrance of the draw nozzle (5). The transverse component of the current decreasing in favor of the longitudinal component as the axial distance from the outlet openings (3) increases. The draw nozzle also has an inlet portion, which has a sharp outer edge and widens in the direction of flow, so that air blows against the primary filaments at a high speed and they are exposed to a strong pressure gradient in the longitudinal direction before entering the inlet portion. In the draw nozzle the primary filaments which are themselves already very thin are drawn out further until they have the required final diameter. For this purpose a zone is provided in the interior of the nozzle, following the inlet portion, in which zone the rate of flow of the blowing medium is 400 m/s to 600 m/s at a pressure of between 0.1 and 0.4 bar. By means of this device very fine mineral fibres with a substantially uniform fibre diameter of between 0.1 .mu.m and 5 .mu.m can be produced.
摘要翻译： 熔融材料的长丝从加热熔融坩埚中的多个开口出现，并通过吹塑介质进一步在牵引喷嘴中纤维化。 在熔融坩埚（1）底部的出口开口（3）的直径非常小，为0.2-1.5mm，从而在这一点上已经形成非常细的一次丝（12）。 这些初级细丝在拉伸喷嘴（5）的入口处被非常湍流的电流所夹持。 随着与出口（3）的轴向距离的增加，电流的横向分量有利于纵向分量。 牵引喷嘴还具有入口部分，其具有尖锐的外边缘并且在流动方向上变宽，使得空气以高速吹向初级细丝，并且在进入之前暴露于纵向方向上的强压力梯度 入口部分。 在拉丝喷嘴中，本身已经非常薄的主丝被进一步拉出，直到它们具有所需的最终直径。 为此，在喷嘴的内部设有一区域，在入口部分之后，在0.1-4.0巴的压力下，吹送介质的流速为400m / s至600m / s。 通过该装置，可以生产出具有0.1μm至5μm之间的基本上均匀的纤维直径的非常细的矿物纤维。
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公开(公告)号：US5125942A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US677624
申请日：1991-03-28
IPC分类号： C03B37/06
CPC分类号： C03B37/06
摘要： The process for the production of mineral wool fibres is based on melt streams 1 issuing from a melt distributor 3 being reduced to fibres in a drawing nozzle 9 by a blast medium flowing with high velocity in the axial direction. The blast medium charged with fibres then arrives in a subsonic diffuser 11 in order to reduce the flow velocity. The fibre-charged stream 10 is subsequently led onwards in a rectangular shaft 13. To separate non-fibrous constituents (so-called shots), a plurality of gas jets 18 are blown in at the shaft end transversely to the main flow direction at an angle .alpha. of 30.degree. to 120.degree.. As a result the fibre-charged stream is deviated. The stream 22 deviated in a direction of .beta.=60.degree. to 140.degree. is then picked up by a fibre shaft 21 mounted at the same angle .beta. and led to a deposition belt 23. The non-fibrous constituents (shots) 19, on the other hand, owing to their lower air resistance and higher inertia, fall through between the gas jets 18 and reach the lower discharge shaft 20.
摘要翻译： 用于生产矿棉纤维的方法是基于通过在轴向上以高速流动的鼓风介质从熔化分配器3发出的还原成在喷嘴9中的纤维的熔体流1。 装有纤维的喷砂介质然后到达亚音速扩散器11以便降低流速。 随后将带纤维流10在矩形轴13中向前引导。为了分离非纤维组分（所谓的射击），多个气体射流18在轴向端部横向于主流动方向吹入 角度α为30°至120°。 结果，带纤流的物流偏离。 沿β= 60°至140°的方向偏离的物流22然后由安装在相同角度β处的纤维轴21拾取，并导致沉积带23.非纤维成分（镜头）19在 另一方面，由于其较低的空气阻力和较高的惯性，在气体喷嘴18之间落下并到达下排出轴20。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5114631A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-19
申请号：US676782
申请日：1991-03-28
摘要： The process for the production of superfine polymer fibre novwoven fabrics is based on spinning out radically the molten polymer at supply pressure in a rotating nozzle head (6) through a plurality of discharge opening (27) to form fibres and deflecting in the axial direction the not yet completely solidified fibres at a radial distance of 10 mm to 200 mm from the discharge holes (27) by an outer gas stream (8) and afterwards depositing them as nonwoven fabric (15) on a circulating, air-permeable carrier (12). In addition to the outer gas stream (8) an inner gas stream (24) emerges at a lower velocity from a plurality of axial boreholes (23) in the nozzle head (6) at a smaller radial distance than the discharge holes (27). Owing to the centrifugal sweeping forces at the rotating nozzle head (6) a rotationally symmetrical flow field then developes with a predominantly radial velocity component, the temperature of the gas being equal to or greater than the nozzle head temperature.
摘要翻译： 用于生产超细聚合物纤维编织织物的方法是基于通过多个排出口（27）在旋转喷嘴头（6）中以供给压力自由旋转熔融聚合物以形成纤维并沿轴向方向偏转 在外部气体流（8）的距离排出孔（27）的径向距离为10mm至200mm处，然后将其作为非织造织物（15）沉积在循环透气性载体（12）上的尚未完全固化的纤维 ）。 除了外部气体流（8）之外，内部气体流（24）以比排放孔（27）更小的径向距离以较低的速度从喷嘴头（6）中的多个轴向钻孔（23） 。 由于在旋转喷嘴头（6）处的离心扫掠力，旋转对称的流场以主要的径向速度分量发展，气体的温度等于或大于喷嘴头温度。
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6.发明授权Method and device for manufacturing ultrafine fibres from thermoplastic polymers 失效从热塑性聚合物制造超细纤维的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5260003A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US910344
申请日：1992-07-22
CPC分类号： D04H3/16 , D01D4/025 , D01D5/0985
摘要： A process and device for manufacturing ultrafine fibers and ultrafine-fibre mats from thermoplastic polymers with mean fibre diameters of 0,2-15 .mu.m, preferably 0,5-10 .mu.m, by a melt blowing technique. The polymer melt (12) flows through at least one bore (15) in a melt blowing nozzle (18). Immediately on emerging from the bore, gas is blown against the extrusion from both sides of the bore exit (15), thus breaking up the melt to form fibers. To this end, the gas is accelerated to supersonic speed in Laval nozzles (25, 26; 31, 32), disposed in mirror symmetry round the bore exits (15), and decelerated to just below the speed of sound in channels (27) with constant cross-section, or a cross-section which decreases in the direction of flow, fitted downstream of the Laval nozzles, and the melt (12) fed into the gas stream emerging from the channels (27).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP91 / 02152 Sec。 371日期：1992年7月22日 102（e）日期1992年7月22日PCT 1991年11月15日PCT PCT。 出版物WO92 / 10599 日期1992年6月25日。一种通过熔喷技术从平均纤维直径为0.2-15μm，优选为0.5-10μm的热塑性聚合物制造超细纤维和超细纤维垫的方法和装置 。 聚合物熔体（12）流过熔喷嘴（18）中的至少一个孔（15）。 立即从孔中出来时，气体从孔出口（15）的两侧吹向挤压件，从而将熔体分解成纤维。 为此，气体在拉瓦尔喷嘴（25,26; 31,32）中被加速到超音速，以孔对角度的方式设置在孔出口（15）周围，并且减速到正好低于通道（27）中的声速， 具有恒定的横截面，或者安装在拉瓦尔喷嘴下游的流动方向上减小的横截面，以及馈送到从通道（27）排出的气流中的熔体（12）。
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公开(公告)号：US4794751A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-03
申请号：US024015
申请日：1987-03-10
CPC分类号： F16J15/168 , D06B23/18 , Y10S57/908
摘要： A method for sealing a passage (2) in a wall (3) for the unsupported transport of continuously accumulating tows (1), in which the pressure difference on both sides of the wall (3) is compensated by an additional gaseous medium (5).
摘要翻译： 一种用于密封用于无载运输连续堆积的丝束（1）的壁（3）中的通道（2）的方法，其中壁（3）两侧的压差由附加的气体介质（5 ）。
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