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公开(公告)号：US4730548A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-15
申请号：US823480
申请日：1986-01-28
CPC分类号： C22C47/06 , F02F3/08 , F02F7/0085 , B22F2998/10 , F02B1/04 , F05C2201/021 , F05C2201/0448 , F05C2251/042 , F05C2253/16
摘要： A light metal alloy cast piston comprises a thermal strut provided in the shoulder portion of the piston skirt. The thermal strut is composed of a fiber reinforced metal portion containing high tensile strength fibers integrally molded in the matrix metal. The piston is shaped in such a manner that the inner periphery of the thermal strut is exposed toward the inside of the piston skirt, except for the regions at the piston pin bosses, to avoid the presence of non-reinforced metal a the inside of the thermal strut. This arrangement prevents the formation of cracks along the inner periphery of the thermal strut.
摘要翻译： 轻金属合金铸造活塞包括设置在活塞裙部的肩部中的热支柱。 热支柱由在基体金属中整体模制的高抗拉强度纤维的纤维增强金属部分组成。 活塞的形状使得除了活塞销凸起部分之外，热支柱的内周面朝向活塞裙部的内部露出，以避免非增强金属的存在， 热支柱 这种布置防止沿着热支柱的内周形成裂纹。
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公开(公告)号：US4669367A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US843626
申请日：1986-03-25
CPC分类号： F02F7/0085 , F02F3/042 , F02F7/0087 , F02B1/04 , F05C2201/021 , F05C2201/0448 , F05C2251/042 , F05C2253/16
摘要： A light metal alloy cast piston including a thermal strut (32, 48, 52) arranged in a shoulder portion of the piston skirt. The thermal strut is composed of an annular fiber-reinforced metal portion in which high-tensile-strength reinforcing fibers are integrally molded. The reinforcing fibers include first fibers (34), such as carbon fibers, having a coefficient of linear expansion substantially smaller than that of the matrix metal alloy, and second fibers (36), such as silicon carbide fibers and alumina fibers, having a flexural or bending strength larger than that of the first fibers. The first fibers primarily serve to restrain thermal expansion of the piston skirt and the second fibers, having a larger bending strength, act to protect the first fibers from excessive bending forces. In a preferred embodiment, the first fibers are located in the inner region of the thermal strut and the second fibers are arranged in the outer region.
摘要翻译： 一种轻金属合金铸造活塞，其包括布置在活塞裙部的肩部中的热支柱（32,48,52）。 热支柱由高强度增强纤维整体模制的环形纤维增强金属部分组成。 增强纤维包括具有比基体金属合金基本上小的线膨胀系数的第一纤维（34），例如碳纤维，以及具有挠曲的第二纤维（36），例如碳化硅纤维和氧化铝纤维 或弯曲强度大于第一纤维的弯曲强度。 主要用于抑制活塞裙部的热膨胀的第一纤维和具有较大弯曲强度的第二纤维用于保护第一纤维免受过度的弯曲力。 在优选实施例中，第一纤维位于热支柱的内部区域中，第二纤维布置在外部区域中。
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公开(公告)号：US4830932A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US206904
申请日：1988-06-15
IPC分类号： B22D18/02 , B22D19/00 , B22D19/14 , B32B15/14 , C22C47/00 , C22C47/06 , C22C47/08 , C22C47/12 , C23C4/04 , C23C28/00 , F02B3/06 , F02B77/02 , F02F3/12
CPC分类号： C22C47/06 , B22D19/0009 , B22D19/14 , C22C47/08 , C23C28/00 , F02B77/02 , F02F3/12 , B22F2998/00 , C22C2204/00 , F02B3/06 , F02F2200/04 , F05C2201/021 , F05C2201/028 , F05C2201/0448 , F05C2253/16 , Y10S428/937 , Y10T428/12444 , Y10T428/12451 , Y10T428/12472 , Y10T428/12486 , Y10T428/12729 , Y10T428/1275 , Y10T428/12757
摘要： Light alloy articles comprising a body of light alloy having a composite layer of heat-resistant fibers and light alloy and bonded to said body, and a surface layer of heat-resisting alloy sprayed onto said composite layer exhibit improved integrity and heat resistance when the heat-resisting alloy is plasma sprayed onto one surface of a preform of fibers and the light alloy is then cast to the opposite surface of the preform such that an interfacial layer is defined between the composite layer and the surface layer in which the fibers and light alloy are integrally incorporated with the heat-resisting alloy.
摘要翻译： 包括具有耐热纤维和轻合金的复合层并结合到所述主体的轻合金体的轻合金制品以及喷涂在所述复合层上的耐热合金表面层在热时表现出提高的完整性和耐热性 将等离子体喷涂在纤维预成型体的一个表面上，然后将轻合金浇铸到预成型体的相对表面，使得在复合层和表面层之间界定界面层，其中纤维和轻合金 与耐热合金整体结合。
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公开(公告)号：US4694735A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US774432
申请日：1985-09-10
申请人： Yoshiaki Tatematsu , Atsuo Tanaka
发明人： Yoshiaki Tatematsu , Atsuo Tanaka
CPC分类号： F02F3/00 , F02F3/042 , F02F7/0085 , F02F7/0087 , F02B1/04 , F05C2201/021 , F05C2201/0448 , F05C2203/0817 , F05C2251/042 , F05C2253/16
摘要： A piston for internal-combustion engines, reinforced at least at either the shoulder of the skirt or the piston boss thereof by a composite reinforcement consisting of a layer of inorganic long filaments and a layer or layers of inorganic staple short fibers or whiskers. The inorganic filaments are one or a combination of any of carbon, graphite, alumina, silicon carbide and glass, while the inorganic staple fiber or whiskers are silicon nitride whiskers, mineral fibers, potassium titanate whiskers, carbon fibers or graphite fibers, or a combination of those whiskers and/or fibers.
摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的活塞，至少在裙部的肩部或其活塞凸台上通过由一层无机长丝组成的复合增强层和一层或多层无机短纤维或晶须加强。 无机长丝是碳，石墨，氧化铝，碳化硅和玻璃中的一种或其组合，而无机短纤维或晶须是氮化硅晶须，矿物纤维，钛酸钾晶须，碳纤维或石墨纤维，或组合 的那些晶须和/或纤维。
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公开(公告)号：US4708847A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-24
申请号：US820886
申请日：1986-01-17
IPC分类号： C22C1/00 , B22D19/02 , B22F3/26 , C22C1/04 , C22C47/00 , C22C47/08 , C22C47/12 , C22C1/03 , C22C33/04
CPC分类号： C22C47/08 , B22F3/26 , C22C1/0475 , B22F2998/00
摘要： An alloy is made of a first material and a second material which has a substantially lower melting point than the first material, by (a) forming from the first material a body which has multiple fine interstices; (b) pouring the second material in the molten state around the body formed from the first material; and (c) allowing the resultant mass to cool. Thus, in the parts of the resultant mass in which the body formed from the first material was originally present, an alloy mass comprising the first metal and the second material alloyed together is made. Optionally, the body made from the first material may be preheated, desirably to a temperature higher than the melting point of the second material; and optionally the molten second material may be pressurized so as to enter into the interstices of the body. The first material may desirably be, for example, tungsten, cobalt, chromium, titanium, iron, nickel, silicon, manganese, copper, niobium, tantalum, vanadium, gold, silver, aluminum, molybdenum, zirconium, or zinc; and the second material may desirably be, for example, aluminum, magnesium, copper, lead, tin, or zinc.
摘要翻译： 合金由第一材料和第二材料制成，第一材料和第二材料具有比第一材料低得多的熔点，（a）由第一材料形成具有多个细小间隙的主体; （b）将熔融状态的第二材料从由第一材料形成的主体周围倾倒; 和（c）使所得物质冷却。 因此，在最初存在由第一材料形成的主体的所得到的质量部分中，制成包含第一金属和第二材料合金的合金块。 可选地，由第一材料制成的主体可以被预热，期望地达到比第二材料的熔点高的温度; 并且可选地，熔融的第二材料可以被加压以进入身体的空隙。 第一种材料可以期望地是例如钨，钴，铬，钛，铁，镍，硅，锰，铜，铌，钽，钒，金，银，铝，钼，锆或锌; 并且第二材料可以期望地为例如铝，镁，铜，铅，锡或锌。
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6.发明授权Composite material including reinforcing mineral fibers embedded in matrix metal 失效复合材料包括嵌入基质金属中的增强矿物纤维
公开(公告)号：US4615733A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-07
申请号：US719247
申请日：1985-04-02
IPC分类号： B22D19/14 , C22C9/00 , C22C11/00 , C22C13/00 , C22C18/00 , C22C21/00 , C22C23/00 , C22C32/00 , C22C47/00 , C22C47/06 , C22C47/08 , C22C49/00 , C22C49/04 , C22C49/06 , B22F3/12 , B22F1/02
摘要： A composite material, including reinforcing fiber material with principal components SiO.sub.2 and/or CaO and/or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and with a Mg content by weight of between about 0% and about 10%, an Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 content by weight of between about 0% and about 5%, and a content by weight of other inorganic substances of between about 0% and about 10%, and consisting essentially of mineral fibers and non fibrous particles to a total percentage of not more than about 20% by weight, the weight percentage of the part of the non fibrous particles which have a diameter of greater than or equal to about 150 microns being between about 0% and about 7%. Also, the composite material includes a matrix metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin, and alloys having these as principal components, the volume proportion of the mineral fibers being in the range of from about 4% to about 25%. This composite material is economical to manufacture and has very good wear characteristics, machinability, and bending strength.
摘要翻译： 一种复合材料，其包括主要组分为SiO 2和/或CaO和/或Al 2 O 3的增强纤维材料，并且具有约0％至约10％的Mg含量，约0％至约10％的Fe 2 O 3含量，约0％至约10％ 5％，其他无机物质的重量含量在约0％至约10％之间，并且基本上由矿物纤维和非纤维颗粒组成，总百分比不超过约20重量％，重量百分数 直径大于或等于约150微米的非纤维颗粒的部分为约0％至约7％。 此外，复合材料还包括选自铝，镁，铜，锌，铅，锡和以这些为主要成分的合金的基体金属，矿物纤维的体积比例在约4 ％至约25％。 该复合材料制造经济，具有非常好的磨损特性，可加工性和弯曲强度。
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公开(公告)号：US4548253A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-22
申请号：US525992
申请日：1983-08-24
IPC分类号： B22D19/14 , B21J5/02 , B21K1/14 , B22D18/02 , B22D19/02 , C22C1/10 , C22C47/00 , C22C47/06 , C22C47/08 , C22C47/12 , B22D23/00 , B22D23/06
CPC分类号： B22D19/02 , C22C47/06 , C22C47/08 , F16H63/32 , Y10S164/90
摘要： First a reinforcing material mass is formed from a quantity of reinforcing material by binding it together with inorganic binder, and then this reinforcing material mass is compounded with matrix metal to form a composite material mass. Then the composite material mass is heated up so that the proportion of the matrix metal thereof which is in the liquid phase is at least 40%, and while still hot it is subjected to a plastic processing process to form the composite material object.
摘要翻译： 首先，通过将一定量的增强材料与无机粘合剂结合在一起形成增强材料，然后将该增强材料与基质金属复合以形成复合材料块。 然后将复合材料块加热，使其液相中的基质金属的比例至少为40％，同时仍然热处理，以形成复合材料物体。
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8.发明授权Composite material manufacturing method exothermically reducing metallic oxide in binder by element in matrix metal 失效复合材料制造方法通过基体金属中的元素放热还原金属氧化物
公开(公告)号：US4468272A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US525945
申请日：1983-08-24
IPC分类号： B22D17/00 , B22D19/14 , C22C47/00 , C22C47/08 , C22C47/10 , C22C47/12 , C22C49/04 , B32B31/00
CPC分类号： B22D19/14 , B22D17/00 , C22C47/10 , C22C49/04 , B22F2998/00
摘要： First a quantity of reinforcing material is formed into a shaped mass bound together by an inorganic binder. Next, this shaped mass is compounded with a quantity of a molten matrix metal by a pressure casting method. The molten matrix metal includes a quantity of a certain element with a strong tendency to become oxidized, and the inorganic binder includes a metallic oxide which, when brought into contact at high temperature with this certain element, is reduced thereby in an exothermic reaction. Thus, during the pressure casting, extra heat is produced as the certain element reduces the metallic oxide, and this aids good penetration of the matrix metal into the interstices of the reinforcing material. The metal remaining from the oxide is dispersed in the matrix metal. This metallic oxide may be silica, zirconia, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, cerium oxide, ferric oxide, zirconium silicate, antimony oxide, or a mixture thereof; and the certain element may be lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, beryllium, titanium, zirconium, or a mixture thereof.
摘要翻译： 首先，将一定数量的增强材料形成为通过无机粘合剂结合在一起的成形块。 接着，通过压铸法将该成形体与一定量的熔融基质金属混合。 熔融基体金属包含一定量的具有强烈氧化倾向的某种元素，无机粘合剂包括金属氧化物，当与该特定元素在高温下接触时，其被放热反应降低。 因此，在压力铸造期间，随着某些元素减少金属氧化物而产生额外的热量，这有助于将基质金属良好渗透到增强材料的间隙中。 从氧化物中残留的金属分散在基质金属中。 该金属氧化物可以是二氧化硅，氧化锆，氧化铬，氧化钇，氧化铈，氧化铁，硅酸锆，氧化锑或它们的混合物; 并且该元素可以是锂，钙，镁，铝，铍，钛，锆或它们的混合物。
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9.发明授权Fiber reinforced metal type composite material with high purity aluminum alloy containing magnesium as matrix metal 失效纤维增强金属复合材料，含有镁作为基体金属的高纯度铝合金
公开(公告)号：US4450207A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-22
申请号：US525899
申请日：1983-08-24
CPC分类号： C22C49/06 , B22D19/14 , C22C49/14 , Y10T428/12444 , Y10T428/12486
摘要： A fiber reinforced metal type composite material is composed essentially of a mass of reinforcing fibers intimately compounded with a matrix metal. The reinforcing fibers are either alumina fibers, carbon fibers, or a mixture thereof. The matrix metal is an alloy consisting essentially of between about 0.5% and about 4.5% magnesium, less than about 0.2% each of copper and titanium, less than about 0.5% each of silicon, zinc, iron, and manganese, and the remainder aluminum. Preferably, the amount of magnesium is between about 0.7% and about 4.5%, and even more preferably it is between about 1.0% and about 4.0%.
摘要翻译： 纤维增强金属型复合材料基本上由与基质金属紧密复合的增强纤维组成。 增强纤维是氧化铝纤维，碳纤维或其混合物。 基体金属是基本上由约0.5％至约4.5％的镁，小于约0.2％的铜和钛，小于约0.5％的硅，锌，铁和锰，其余的铝 。 优选地，镁的量在约0.7％至约4.5％之间，甚至更优选在约1.0％至约4.0％之间。
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10.发明授权Method and apparatus for manufacturing composite material using pressure chamber and casting chamber 失效使用压力室和铸造室制造复合材料的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4572270A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-25
申请号：US536850
申请日：1983-09-29
IPC分类号： B22D19/14 , B22D18/02 , B22D19/02 , C22C1/10 , C22C47/00 , C22C47/08 , C22C47/12 , B22D19/00
摘要： A composite material is manufactured from a formed mass of reinforcing material and matrix metal by introducing the reinforcing material mass into a pressure chamber and holding it there, introducing molten matrix metal into the pressure chamber so as to surround the reinforcing material mass, moving the reinforcing material mass from the pressure chamber into a casting chamber of substantially smaller volume than the pressure chamber while it is still being surrounded by molten matrix metal, and then allowing the molten matrix metal to solidify while applying pressure. If the reinforcing material mass is preheated before being put into the pressure chamber, it can be kept away from the walls of the pressure chamber until after the molten matrix metal has been poured into the pressure chamber and thus will not lose heat to them; and, since the casting chamber can quite tightly conform to the size and shape of the reinforcing material mass, little extra matrix metal needs to be solidified around the reinforcing material mass. Accordingly the resulting composite material can be easily isolated without the need for much post machining.
摘要翻译： 复合材料由成形的增强材料和基体金属制成，通过将增强材料块引入压力室并将其保持在其中，将熔融的基质金属引入压力室中以包围增强材料块，移动增强材料 材料质量从压力室进入到具有比压力室小的体积的铸造室，同时它仍被熔融基质金属包围，然后允许熔融基质金属在施加压力下固化。 如果增压材料在放入压力室之前被预热，则可将其远离压力室的壁直到熔融基体金属已经倒入压力室中，从而不会对它们发热; 并且由于铸造室可以非常紧密地与增强材料块的尺寸和形状一致，所以在增强材料块周围需要固定少量额外的基体金属。 因此，所得到的复合材料可以容易地隔离，而不需要大量的后加工。
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