摘要:
A method and an apparatus for converting a frame phase of a signal having a frame structure specified in the CCITT recommendations which contains N (N: an integer 2 or above) pieces of frames applied with time-division/multiplex, in which the N pieces of frames are given to N pieces of memories, respectively, a write address is given independently to each memory so that the N pieces of frames are written in the respective memories in a same phase as the phase in the signal, a read address is given independently to each memory so that the N pieces of frames are read out of the respective memories in a same phase as the write phase, a difference between a write address and a read address in each memory is set identical under an initial state, and justification is executed for a frame which is read out of the memory in accordance with a difference between existing write address and read address in each memory, whereby to perform frame phase conversion while maintaining relative phase among respective frames.
摘要:
A method of mapping a virtual container multiplexed with a pointer indicating a first bit position in a transmission frame onto an asynchronous transfer mode cell and transmitting the virtual container thus converted. The method includes the steps of deriving a first bit position of the virtual container in the transmission frame from the value of the pointer of the virtual container, mapping the virtual container onto information fields of cells, deriving a first bit position of the virtual container within a cell information field of the asynchronous transfer mode cell from the first bit position information in the frame, and writing the first bit position information within the cell information field and information contained in the pointer into a field which has a fixed phase relationship with respect to a cell header and transmitting the cells.
摘要:
A multiplex type transmitting apparatus is arranged to have a plurality of slow signal receive/transmit sections for accommodating a counterpart for a SONET system or an SDH system, a multiplex separation converting section, and a receive/transmit section for a SONET system or SDH system fast signal. The slow or fast signal receive/transmit section includes a receive processing unit on a receive side for receiving the SS bits of the SONET/SDH system signal received from a transmission path, an internal SS bits setting unit for setting the SS bits of the received signal to internal SS bits if the SS bits of the received signal are “10” or “00”, a transmit processing unit on the receive side for transmitting a signal to the multiplex separation converting section as keeping the SS bits as “11” when an AIS-P is transferred, and a transmit processing unit on a transmit side for transmitting the signal from the multiplex separation converting section onto the transmission path as keeping the SS bits identical with the internal SS bits.
摘要:
In a synchronous multiplex network including a plurality of multiplex transmission apparatuses, an overhead is passed through intervening multiplex transmission apparatuses such that administration and maintenance operation information is transmitted and received through the overhead between arbitrary multiplex transmission apparatuses. The multiplex transmission apparatus receives a multiplexed signal comprising a payload having a plurality of main signals multiplexed therein and overhead bytes including a plurality of administration and maintenance operation information, performs termination processing for the administration and maintenance operation information and transmission processing for the payload, thereafter converts the multiplexed signal into a different multiplexed signal comprising a payload which has been processed for transmission and a plurality of administration and maintenance operation information, and transmits the different multiplexed signal.
摘要:
A multiplex type transmitting apparatus is arranged to have a plurality of slow signal receive/transmit sections for accommodating a counterpart for a SONET system or an SDH system, a multiplex separation converting section, and a receive/transmit section for a SONET system or SDH system fast signal. The slow or fast signal receive/transmit section includes a receive processing unit on a receive side for receiving the SS bits of the SONET/SDH system signal received from a transmission path, an internal SS bits setting unit for setting the SS bits of the received signal to internal SS bits if the SS bits of the received signal are "10" or "00", a transmit processing unit on the receive side for transmitting a signal to the multiplex separation converting section as keeping the SS bits as "11" when an AIS-P is transferred, and a transmit processing unit on a transmit side for transmitting the signal from the multiplex separation converting section onto the transmission path as keeping the SS bits identical with the internal SS bits.
摘要:
An overhead passing processing circuit in a synchronous multiplex network, with a circuit for extracting predetermined administration and maintenance operating information from multiplexed signals, a crossconnecting circuit for crossconnecting information extracted by the extraction circuit stage, and an insertion circuit for inserting an output of the crossconnecting circuit into a predetermined location in the overhead of the multiplexed signal to be transmitted.
摘要:
In a synchronous multiplex network including a plurality of multiplex transmission apparatuses, an overhead is passed through intervening multiplex transmission apparatuses such that administration and maintenance operation information is transmitted and received through the overhead between arbitrary multiplex transmission apparatuses. The multiplex transmission apparatus receives a multiplexed signal comprising a payload having a plurality of main signals multiplexed therein and overhead bytes including a plurality of administration and maintenance operation information, performs termination processing for the administration and maintenance operation information and transmission processing for the payload, thereafter converts the multiplexed signal into a different multiplexed signal comprising a payload which has been processed for transmission and a plurality of administration and maintenance operation information, and transmits the different multiplexed signal.
摘要:
A metal member includes a first layer and a second layer. The second layer has an average crystal grain size different from an average crystal grain size of the first layer. An intermediate layer having an average crystal grain size smaller than the average crystal grain sizes of the first layer and the second layer is interposed between the first layer and the second layer.
摘要:
A channel substrate includes a plurality of individual channels and a plurality of linear machining marks. The plurality of individual channels is arrayed in row. The plurality of linear machining marks is substantially parallel to a direction in which the plurality of individual channels is arrayed in row.
摘要:
In a printing blanket, a manufacturing method of the printing blanket, a blanket cylinder, and a printing press, a printing unit is configured to include a plate cylinder to which a plate is attached, and a blanket cylinder that has a blanket attached thereto, rotates synchronously with the plate cylinder, and can transfer an ink image transferred from the plate cylinder onto a web, a circumference of the blanket cylinder is set to be twice as large as a circumference of the plate cylinder, and a notch and a concave portion along an axial direction are provided on a surface of the blanket at a uniform interval to correspond to a notch of the plate cylinder.