Abstract:
Compounds of formula (I) are modulators of cannabinoid receptor CB1, useful inter alia for treatment of obesity: Formula (I). Wherein: X is a bond, or a divalent radical selected from —C(R10)(R11)—*, —C(R10)(R11)—O—*, —C(R10)(R11)CH2—*, —C(R10)(R11)CH2—O—*, —CH2C(R10)(R11)—*, —CH2C(R10)(R11)—O—*, and —CH2—O—C(R10)(R11)—*, wherein the bond indicated by an asterisk is attached to the pyrazole ring; Z is a carboxyl isostere radical selected from the group specified; R3 is hydrogen, (C1-C)alkyl or (C1C3)fluoroalkyl; R4 is a radical of formula -(Alk1)p-(Q1)r (L)s-Q2 wherein p, r, s, Alk1, L, Q1 and Q2 are as specified; or R3and R4 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a cyclic amino ring of 4 to 7 ring atoms which is optionally substituted by a radical of formula -(L)s-Q2 wherein s, L and Q2 are as defined above, or by an optional substituent selected from hydroxy, methoxy, —NH2—, or mono- or di-(C1C3)alkylamino; R5, R6, R7 and R8 are each independently selected from hydrogen —F, —Cl, —Br, —CN, (C1-C3)alkyl, (C1C3)fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl, and —OR9; R10 is hydrogen, (C1C3)alkyl, hydroxyl or NH2, and R11 is hydrogen or (C1-C3)alkyl; or R10 and R11 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a (C3-C5)cycloalkyl ring.
Abstract:
Compounds of formula (I) suppress the normal signalling activity CB1 receptors, and are thus useful in the treatment of diseases or conditions which are mediated by CB1 receptor signalling activity, such as treatment of obesity and overweight, prevention of weigh gain, treatment of diseases and conditions directly or indirectly associated with obesity and overweight: wherein A1 is hydrogen, —COOH, or tetrazolyl; p and q are independently 0 or 1; A3 is phenyl or cycloalkyl, either of which is optionally substituted with R4 and/or R5; R4 and R5 are independently —R9, —CN, —F, —Cl, —Br, —OR9, —NR7R8, —NR7COR6, —NR7SO2R6, —COR6, —SR9, —SOR9, or —SO2R6; R6 is C1-C4 alkyl, cycloalkyl, —CF3 or —NR7R8; R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or cycloalkyl; R9 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkoxy(C1-C4 alkyl)-, cycloalkyl, or fully or partially fluorinated C1-C4 alkyl; R1 (i) a bond; (ii) a divalent radical of formula —(CH2)aB1(CH2)b wherein a and b are independently O, 1, 2 or 3 provided that a+b is 1, 2 or 3, and B1 is —CO—, -0-, —S—, —SO—, —SO2—, —CH2—, —CHCH3—, —CHOH— or —NR7—; or (iii) a divalent radical selected from —C(R10)(R11)—*, —C(R10)(R11)—O—*, —C(R10)(R11)CH2—*, —C(R10)(R11)CH2—O—*, —CH2C(R10)(R11)—*, —CH2C(R10)(R11)—O—*, —CH2—O—C(R10)(R11)—* and —C(R10)(R11)—O—CH2—*, wherein the bond indicated by an asterisk is attached to the pyrazole ring; Z is as defined in the specification; R10 is hydrogen and R11 is (C1-C3)alkyl or —OH; or R10 and R11 are both (C1-C3)alkyl; or R10 and R11 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a (C3-C5)cycloalkyl ring.
Abstract:
Compounds of formula (I) are useful for the treatment of disease responsive to modulation of CRTH2 receptor activity, such as asthma, rhinitis, allergic airway syndrome, and allergic rhinobronchitis: wherein A represents a carboxyl group —COOH, or a carboxyl bioisostere; A1 is hydrogen or methyl; ring Ar1 is an optionally substituted phenyl ring or 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, in which AA1CHO— and L2 are linked to adjacent ring atoms; rings Ar2, Ar3 each independently represent a phenyl or 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, or a bicyclic ring system consisting of a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring which is benz-fused or fused to a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, said ring or ring system being optionally substituted; t is 0 or 1; L2 and L3 are linker radicals as defined in the description.
Abstract:
Y4 receptor agonist peptide selected from the group consisting of: [Ala30]PP2-36, [Thr30]PP2-36, [Asn30]PP2-36, [Gln30]PP2-36, [Glu10]PP2-36, [Glu10,Leu17,Thr30]PP2-36, [Nle17,Nle30]PP2-36, [Glu10,Nle17,Nle30]PP2-36, their PP1-36 equivalents, and analogues and derivatives thereof as described in the specification, are selective agonists of the Y4 receptor relative to the Y1 and Y2 receptors, and are useful in the treatment, for example, of obesity and overweight, and conditions in which these are considered contributory factors, and in the treatment of diarrhoea and intestinal hypersecretion.
Abstract:
Compounds of formula (I) are ligands of the melanin concentrating hormone-1 receptor (MCH-1R), useful in the treatment of diseases responsive to modulation of melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) activity, for example feeding disorders and diseases for which obesity is a risk factor (I): wherein ring B is selected from specific substituted phenyl or benz-fused 5 membered N-containing heterocycles defined in the specification; R, is attached to a ring carbon of ring B, and represents hydrogen, F, Cl, or —OCH3; X is ═CH— or ═N—; L, is —CH2— or —CH2CH2—; L2 is a bond, —CH2— or —CO—; R2 is H or C, —C3 alkyl, or —N(R2) L, —is selected from specific cyclic amino linker radicals as defined in the specification; ring A is selected from specific N-containing heterocyclic rings as defined in the specification.
Abstract:
Compounds of formula (I) are useful for the treatment of disease responsive to modulation of CRTH2 receptor activity, such as asthma, rhinitis, allergic airway syndrome, and allergic rhinobronchitis, wherein A represents a carboxyl group —COON, or a carboxyl bioisostere; A1, is hydrogen or methyl; ring Ar1 is an optionally substituted phenyl ring 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, in which AA1CHO— and L2 are linked to adjacent ring atoms; rings Are2, Ar3 each independently represent a phenyl or 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, or a bicyclic ring system consisting of a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring which is benz-fused or fused to a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, said ring or ring system being optionally substituted; t is 0 or 1; L2 and L3 are linker radicals as defined in the description.
Abstract:
Compounds of formula (I) are useful for the treatment of disease responsive to modulation of CRTH2 receptor activity, such as asthma, rhinitis, allergic airway syndrome, and allergic rhinobronchitis, wherein A represents a carboxyl group —COON, or a carboxyl bioisostere; A1, is hydrogen or methyl; ring Ar1 is an optionally substituted phenyl ring 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, in which AA1CHO— and L2 are linked to adjacent ring atoms; rings Are2, Ar3 each independently represent a phenyl or 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, or a bicyclic ring system consisting of a 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring which is benz-fused or fused to a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring, said ring or ring system being optionally substituted; t is 0 or 1; L2 and L3 are linker radicals as defined in the description.
Abstract:
A pseudo-sequence method for comparing 7TM receptors with respect to the physicochemical properties of their binding sites, the method comprising the steps of: (i) optionally, aligning part of or all of the amino acid sequence of the first 7TM receptor with part of or all or the amino acid sequence of the one or more further 7TM receptors, (ii) selecting, in a sequential or non-sequential order, at the most 12 amino acid residues per helix and/or extracellular loops, which are involved in one or more binding sites of each 7TM receptor. (iii) forming a pseudo-sequence comprising at the most 50 amino acid residues from the selected sequential or non-sequential amino acid residues, (iv) for each 7TM receptor assigning one or more physicochemical descriptors to the amino acid residues of the selected amino acid pseudo-sequence involved in one or more binding sites, (v) optionally, for each 7TM receptor mathematically manipulating the physicochemical descriptors of step (iv) to obtain a simplified measure of the physicochemical properties of the binding site. (vi) for each 7TM receptor generating a similarity score as defined herein by comparing the physicochemical descriptor or, if relevant, the simplified measure for the first 7TM receptor with the physicochemical descriptors or, if relevant, the simplified measures for the one or further 7TM receptors, (vii) optionally, ranking the 7TM receptors with respect to the physicochemical properties of their binding sites according to the similarity scores obtained in step vi)
Abstract:
Use of mutated β-arrestin for an improved enzyme complementation assay or translocation assay, the improved enzyme complementation assay comprising: i) adding a substrate to a cell comprising a GPCR-EA fusion protein and a β-arrestin-EB fusion protein, wherein the β-arrestin is mutated, ii) adding a ligand to obtain, if possible, a GPCR-EA/β-arrestin-EB complex, and iii) measuring a signal arising from association of EA and EB to create an enzymatically active protein catalyzing conversion of the substrate which leads to a detectable signal, wherein the improvement leads to an increased signal compared with the signal obtained by use of the same process employing a β-arrestin-EB fusion protein, wherein the β-arrestin is wild type β-arrestin, and the improved β-arrestin translocation assay comprising i) providing a cell expressing a GPCR and comprising a β-arrestin associated with an optically detectable molecule, ODM, wherein the β-arrestin is mutated, ii) adding a ligand to obtain, if possible, a GPCR/β-arrestin complex, and iii) detecting a translocation of the optically detectable molecule, wherein the improvement leads to a increased and prolonged translocation of the β-arrestin associated with an optically detectable molecule as compared with the signal obtained by use of the same assay employing a β-arrestin associated with an optically detectable molecule, wherein the β-arrestin is wild type β-arrestin.
Abstract:
Novel compounds of Formula (I) which modulate MCH activity are disclosed, in which A is a linker; Ar1 is an aryl or heteroaryl group; R1 is a lower alkoxy group; R2 is an R1 group or hydrogen, an OH or an NH2 group, Q together with the carbonyl forms an amide group, which is further substituted with an amine group; R5 is selected from hydrogen, halogen atoms, alkoxy groups, hydroxy, alkylamino groups, dialkylamino groups, hydroxylalkyl groups, carboxamido groups, acylamido groups, acyl groups, —CHO, nitrile, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups, —SCH3, partially or fully fluorinated alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy groups such as —CH2CF3, —CF2CF3, —CF3, —OCF3, —SCF3; —SO2NH2, —SO2NHAlk, —SO2NAlk2, —SO2Alk; X is H, F, Cl, Br, I, —SCH3, —CF3, —OCF3, —SCF3, OCH3, or lower alkyl or alkenyl group; R8 is halogen atoms, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups, heteroaryl groups, heterocyclyl groups, alkylcycloalkyl groups, alkylaryl groups, alkylheterocyclyl groups, alkylheteroaryl groups, arylalkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, alkoxy groups, dialkylamino groups, —CONHAlk, —CONHAr, —CONAlk2, —NHCO-Alk, —NHCO—Ar, —CO-Alk, —CO—Ar, —SCH3, partially or fully fluorinated alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy groups; or R8 is R6-Ar2—B—, in which B is a single bond or a connecting moiety; Ar2 is an Ar1 group; R6 is an R5 group; and which are useful in the treatment or prevention of e.g. obesity, depression, diabetes, bulimia etc.