摘要:
Disclosed is a three-parameter strength reduction method for slope stability evaluation. The present disclosure reflects the difference in the attenuation and contribution of the cohesion, internal friction angle and tensile strength in the process of slope instability by reducing the three parameters by different reduction factors. Based on the sudden change of the characteristic point displacement of the slope as a criterion of slope instability, the present disclosure derives the fitting relationship between the characteristic point displacement and the cohesion reduction factor. The present disclosure assumes that the comprehensive safety factor satisfies a linear relationship with the cohesion reduction factor, the internal friction angle reduction factor and the tensile strength reduction factor and derives the relationship between the comprehensive safety factor and the cohesion reduction factor. Finally, the present disclosure summarizes and proposes a three-parameter strength reduction method and provides the steps for analyzing the slope stability through this method.
摘要:
An apparatus for applying a force to a specimen is provided. The apparatus comprises: an output rotatable member comprising a plurality of connection points; a plurality of rigid connection means, each comprising a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of each connectionmeans is pivotably coupled to one of the plurality of connection points of the output rotatable member; a plurality of guide members; and a plurality of specimen holders, each slidably mounted to one of the guide members and pivotably coupled to the second end of one of the plurality of connection means.
摘要:
A multi-axis fatigue testing device includes a multi-axis test fixture having a multiple input, multiple output mechanical linkage driven by a plurality of actuators and a controller operating each of the plurality of actuators in real time and in synchronization to produce user-defined multiple fatigue cycle profiles. At least one of the actuators driving the mechanical linkage acts against an artificial load characterized by a stiffness. The stiffness is selected to increase a resonance frequency of the test fixture to allow fatigue testing at higher frequencies for a wider range of samples.
摘要:
An orthopedic simulator is provided with a mechanism with a plurality of sub-mechanisms that generate relative motions between the portions of orthopedic devices, such as spinal disc implants. The sub-mechanisms are configured to be nested so as to place the sub-mechanism with the highest required performance closest to the specimen.
摘要:
The invention provides a process and an apparatus for testing commercial icle axles and/or springs and/or components adjacent thereto under load conditions resembling those occurring in practice. An entire commercial vehicle axle with two commercial vehicle springs and original attachment parts are tested by the introduction of low frequency deformations of vertical forces into a supporting assembly and of lateral forces, longitudinal forces and high frequency vertical wheel forces in each case into a wheel substitute or wheel or a brake force transmitting lever. In the course of this test, the supporting assembly is tilted about a pivot shaft or pivot axis which is displaceable in the vertical direction so that the axle of the commercial vehicle remains parallel to the horizontal. Vertical spring excursions and tilting of the supporting assembly are brought about by two vertical force generators which act on the supporting assembly and produce forces of reaction at the point of contact of the wheel tread with the vertical support. For testing the springs of the commercial vehicle alone, only one lateral force generator is used instead of two; and for the introduction of braking and driving forces and/or longitudinal forces, only one braking and driving force generator is used instead of two and, respectively, only one longitudinal force generator instead of two. The single force generator then acts at the center of the axle by way of a force transmitting means which is fixed to the right and the left wheel substitute or the right and left brake force transmitting lever.
摘要:
Methods to accurately determine the maximum bending moment Mb for a spot weld are provided. The methods include subjecting a test coupon including a spot weld, to a coach peel test and monitoring the test coupon using digital image correlation in order to determine the bending moment arm length at peak force. The bending moment arm length at peak force is multiplied by the peak force value to provide an accurate maximum bending moment for the spot weld. The calculated maximum bending moment Mb is used in a combined force based spot weld failure calculation to predict failure of a spot weld under a combined loading condition.
摘要:
A testing instrument and method for measuring the intrinsic strength of polymeric materials via cutting includes a pair of mechanical clamps connected at a base to low-friction hinges. The clamps are configured to secure the elongate edges of a polymer specimen, and to periodically load the specimen to a predetermined strain. The load on the specimen while strained is measured with an opening force load sensor. While in the strained condition, the specimen is cut with a highly sharpened blade, and the cutting force also measured by a cutting force load sensor. A cutting energy curve may be plotted from these measurements, from which a cutting energy can further be derived.
摘要:
Provided are a material in-situ test device and method under multi-load and multi-physical field coupled service conditions. The device is composed of a precise six-degree-of-freedom composite load applying module, a precise torsion module, a precise indentation module, a clamp module and a control module which work together to complete a composite-load and multi-physical field coupled experiment, and is integrated with a digital speckle strain measurement and infrared thermal imaging module and a microscope observation module, so as to carry out in-situ observation and quantitative characterization on material deformation behaviours and damage mechanism phenomena in a composite-load and multi-physical field loading process. For example, loading methods of “cantilever type pure bending, cantilever type tension/compression-torsion, and cantilever type bending-torsion”, etc. can realize the loading of composite load. Silicon nitride ceramic heating sheets, Peltier tiles and current loading are used for achieving simulation of multiple physical fields such as cold/hot-electricity fields.