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    Nuclear reactor installation
    2.
    发明授权
    Nuclear reactor installation 失效
    核反应堆安装

    公开(公告)号：US4036700A

    公开(公告)日：1977-07-19

    申请号：US486645

    申请日：1974-07-08

    申请人： Heinrich Dorner ,  Axel Jungmann ,  Manfred Scholz

    发明人： Heinrich Dorner ,  Axel Jungmann ,  Manfred Scholz

    IPC分类号： G21C9/00 ,  G21C11/08 ,  G21C13/00 ,  G21C15/12 ,  G21C13/04

    CPC分类号： G21C9/001 ,  G21C11/081 ,  G21C13/00 ,  G21C15/12 ,  Y02E30/32

    摘要： A nuclear reactor installation includes a pressurized-water reactor pressure vessel positioned in a reinforced-concrete structure forming a wall surrounding the pressure vessel and forming an annular space around the pressure vessel, this space containing a layer of discrete elements such as gravel, ceramic bodies, steel balls, etc. This layer directly contacts the concrete wall, possibly through a steel sheet or plate skin and between it and the pressure vessel, a thermally-insulating and pressure-resistant encasement is built from separable segments cast from suitable concrete, a steel sheet or plate skin preferably being interposed between the layer of discrete elements and this encasement, the discrete elements being compacted so that radial force transmitted from the pressure vessel via the encasement is transmitted through the discrete elements to the concrete wall formed by the reinforced-concrete structure. The encasement, layer and skin interposed between them provide via their total thickness, for zero-travel restraint of the pressure vessel in its radial direction, via the concrete structure's wall, when these parts and the pressure vessel are thermally expanded during operation of the reactor. When the reactor is shut down and it and the various parts are cold, the layer of discrete particles and the skin between them and the encasement, are proportioned so that with thermal contraction the skin is free from the encasement, and the latter, being made of separable segments, may be removed segment-by-segment.

    摘要翻译： 核反应堆装置包括位于加固混凝土结构中的加压水反应堆压力容器，其形成围绕压力容器的壁并在压力容器周围形成环形空间，该空间包含一层离散元件，例如砾石，陶瓷体 ，钢球等。该层直接接触混凝土墙壁，可能通过钢板或板皮，并在其与压力容器之间，隔热和耐压外壳由可浇铸的合适混凝土构成， 钢板或板皮优选地插入在分离元件层和该外壳之间，分离元件被压实，使得经由外壳从压力容器传递的径向力通过分立元件传递到由加强型元件形成的混凝土壁， 具体结构。 当这些部件和压力容器在反应器运行期间被热膨胀时，它们之间插入的外壳，层和皮肤通过其总厚度提供压力容器在其径向方向上的零行程限制，通过混凝土结构的壁 。 当反应器关闭并且它和各个部件是冷的时，离散的颗粒层和它们之间的皮肤与包装件成比例，使得在热收缩的情况下，皮肤没有包装，而后者被制成 可分段，可以逐段删除。

    Nuclear reactors
    4.
    发明授权
    Nuclear reactors 失效
    核反应堆

    公开(公告)号：US4154650A

    公开(公告)日：1979-05-15

    申请号：US573429

    申请日：1975-05-01

    申请人： Robert F. Prescott ,  Brian V. George ,  Colin J. Baglin

    发明人： Robert F. Prescott ,  Brian V. George ,  Colin J. Baglin

    IPC分类号： G21C5/10 ,  G21C11/08 ,  G21C9/00

    CPC分类号： G21C11/081 ,  G21C5/10 ,  Y02E30/40

    摘要： In a nuclear reactor (e.g. one having coolant down-flow through a core to a hearth below) thermal insulation (e.g. of a floor of the hearth) comprises a layer of bricks and a layer of tiles thereon, with smaller clearances between the tiles than between the bricks but with the bricks being of reduced cross-section immediately adjacent the tiles so as to be surrounded by interconnected passages, of relatively large dimensions, constituting a continuous chamber extending behind the layer of tiles. By this arrangement, lateral coolant flow in the interbrick clearances is much reduced.The reactor core is preferably formed of hexagonal columns, supported on diamond-shaped plates each supported on a pillar resting on one of the hearth-floor tiles. Each plate has an internal duct, four upper channels connecting the duct with coolant ducts in four core columns supported by the plate, and lower channels connecting the duct to a downwardly-open recess common to three plates, grouped to form a hexagon, at their mutually-adjacent corners. This provides mixing, and temperature-averaging, of coolant from twelve columns.

    摘要翻译： 在一个核反应堆（例如一个有冷却剂通过一个核心到下面的炉底下流），绝热（例如炉膛的地板）包括一层砖和一层瓷砖，瓷砖之间的间隙较小 在砖块之间，但是砖块紧邻瓦片的横截面减小，以便由具有较大尺寸的相互连接的通道包围，构成在瓷砖层之后延伸的连续室。 通过这种布置，跨板间隙中的横向冷却剂流动大大减少。

    Pressure vessel
    5.
    发明授权
    Pressure vessel 失效
    压力容器

    公开(公告)号：US3893508A

    公开(公告)日：1975-07-08

    申请号：US27532672

    申请日：1972-07-26

    申请人： REAKTORBAU FORSCHUNGS & BAU

    发明人： NEMET JOSEF

    IPC分类号： G21C11/08 ,  G21C13/093 ,  F28F13/00

    CPC分类号： G21C11/081 ,  G21C13/093 ,  Y02E30/40

    摘要： A pressure vessel whose wall comprises an outer supporting prestressed concrete wall member, a sealing skin made of highly heat-resistant material and disposed on the inside of the wall of the pressure vessel to seal the medium contained in the latter, and a thermal insulating layer which is disposed between and in force transmitting relationship with the prestressed concrete wall member and the sealing skin, the wall of the pressure vessel containing at least one temperature adjustment system.

    摘要翻译： 一种压力容器，其壁包括外部支撑预应力混凝土壁构件，由高耐热材料制成的密封表面，并设置在压力容器的壁的内侧，以密封容纳在其中的介质，以及热 绝缘层，其设置在与预应力混凝土壁构件和密封表皮之间的力传递关系中，压力容器的壁包含至少一个温度调节系统。

    Ceramic-insulated pipe for the transport of hot fluids
    7.
    发明授权
    Ceramic-insulated pipe for the transport of hot fluids 失效
    用于输送热流体的陶瓷绝缘管

    公开(公告)号：US4259993A

    公开(公告)日：1981-04-07

    申请号：US95422

    申请日：1979-11-19

    申请人： Franz Scholz

    发明人： Franz Scholz

    IPC分类号： F16L59/07 ,  F16L59/147 ,  G21C11/08 ,  F16L9/22

    CPC分类号： F16L59/07 ,  F16L59/147 ,  G21C11/081 ,  Y02E30/40 ,  Y10S138/05

    摘要： A ceramic-lined pipe for hot fluids, e.g. gases or liquids from high-tempture nuclear reactors or within such reactors, comprises an outer metal-wall pipe formed internally with a lining of ceramic. The ceramic lining is constituted of a ceramic inner shell surrounded by a stress-absorbing reinforcing element in the form of a multiplicity of wires or cables or a sleeve. The reinforcing member stresses the ceramic body inwardly by way of compensation to the tensile stress caused by the thermal expansion of the ceramic inner shell and is sealed against the metal pipe wall directly or through the intermediary of another tubular member.

    摘要翻译： 用于热流体的陶瓷衬里管，例如 来自高温核反应堆或这种反应器内的气体或液体包括内部形成有陶瓷衬里的外金属壁管。 陶瓷衬里由多个电线或电缆或套筒形式的应力吸收增强元件围绕的陶瓷内壳构成。 加强构件通过补偿由陶瓷内壳的热膨胀引起的拉伸应力向内施加陶瓷体，并且直接或通过另一个管状构件的中间与金属管壁密封。

    Nuclear reactor pressure vessel installation
    8.
    发明授权
    Nuclear reactor pressure vessel installation 失效
    核反应堆压力容器安装

    公开(公告)号：US3990941A

    公开(公告)日：1976-11-09

    申请号：US491667

    申请日：1974-07-25

    申请人： Manfred Scholz

    发明人： Manfred Scholz

    IPC分类号： G21C11/02 ,  G21C9/00 ,  G21C11/08 ,  G21C13/00 ,  G21C15/12

    CPC分类号： G21C9/001 ,  G21C11/081 ,  G21C13/00 ,  G21C15/12 ,  Y02E30/32

    摘要： A nuclear reactor pressure vessel is installed in the pit of a biological shield forming a concrete wall surrounding the vessel and which defines an annular space around the vessel. A heat insulating layer of concrete surrounds the vessel within the annular space and partially fills the latter, and between the insulation and the concrete wall, steam I or H beams are vertically positioned with their flanges engaging the heat insulating layer and the concrete wall so as to support the heat insulating layer against radial motion when the pressure vessel thermally expands radially, thereby providing the latter with rupture protection. The steel beams are circumferentially interspaced very closely together and possibly with their flange edges abutting, thus forming a large number of vertically extending coolant flow passages which are open at the tops of the vertical beams around the periphery at the top of the vessel, and which are interconnected by an annular manifold at their bottom ends so that a coolant under pressure can be introduced for upward flow, thus protecting the concrete wall from excessive thermal stressing.

    摘要翻译： 核反应堆压力容器安装在生物屏蔽的凹坑中，形成围绕容器的混凝土壁，并且围绕容器限定环形空间。 混凝土的绝热层围绕在环形空间内的容器并部分地填充其中，并且在绝缘体和混凝土壁之间，蒸汽I或H梁垂直定位，其凸缘接合绝热层和混凝土壁，以便 以当压力容器热膨胀时径向运动时支撑绝热层，从而为后者提供断裂保护。 钢梁在周向非常紧密地相互间隔并且可能使其凸缘边缘抵接，从而形成大量垂直延伸的冷却剂流动通道，其在垂直梁的顶部处围绕容器顶部的周边敞开，并且其中 通过其底端处的环形歧管相互连接，使得可以引入压力下的冷却剂以向上流动，从而保护混凝土壁免受过度的热应力。

    Pressure vessel
    9.
    发明授权
    Pressure vessel 失效
    压力容器

    公开(公告)号：US3822186A

    公开(公告)日：1974-07-02

    申请号：US16995071

    申请日：1971-08-09

    申请人： BOEHLER & CO AG GEB

    发明人： RAJAKOVICS G

    IPC分类号： G21C11/08 ,  G21C13/00 ,  G21C13/087 ,  G21C13/02

    CPC分类号： G21C11/081 ,  G21C13/00 ,  G21C13/0875 ,  Y02E30/40

    摘要： An inner container has an inner bottom and defines an inner space and is adapted to hold a liquid coolant in said inner space to a predetermined level. An outer container contains said inner container and has an outer bottom spaced below said inner bottom. The outer container defines with said inner container an outer space extending below and around said inner container. A solid heat-insulating layer extends in said outer space extending below and around said inner container and upwardly at least to said predetermined level.