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公开(公告)号：US06370955B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09449576
申请日：1999-11-29
申请人： Harry L. Tuller , Holger Fritze
发明人： Harry L. Tuller , Holger Fritze
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01N29/036 , C23C14/546 , G01B7/066 , G01G3/13 , G01N5/04 , G01N2291/0256
摘要： A high-temperature balance includes a piezoelectric material, such as langasite, that is stable at high temperatures. The frequency response of the balance is monitored to determine the change in mass of material deposited on the balance in a high-temperature environment. Accordingly, the balance can be used to monitor high-temperature deposition rates or to perform thermogravimetric analysis. The high-temperature balance of this invention can further be operated as a nanobalance to measure monolayer changes in film thickness.
摘要翻译： 高温平衡包括在高温下稳定的压电材料，例如长硅石。 监测天平的频率响应，以确定在高温环境中沉积在天平上的材料的质量变化。 因此，该平衡可用于监测高温沉积速率或进行热重分析。 本发明的高温平衡可进一步作为纳米天平来测量膜厚度的单层变化。
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公开(公告)号：US06324910B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US09284907
申请日：1999-06-22
申请人： Karsten Funk , Hans-Martin Kulcke , Franz Laermer , Andrea Schilp
发明人： Karsten Funk , Hans-Martin Kulcke , Franz Laermer , Andrea Schilp
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01P15/097 , G01C19/5726 , G01P2015/0814
摘要： A method for measuring a physical variable in which a structure is put in resonant oscillations and a change in the oscillation frequency of the structure as a result of a change in the physical variable to be measured is detected, and a frequency-analog signal is provided. A structure oscillating with a resonance frequency receives an electrostatic force.
摘要翻译： 检测结构被置于共振振荡中的物理变量的测量方法以及由待测物理变化引起的结构振荡频率的变化的方法，并提供频率模拟信号 。 以共振频率振荡的结构接收静电力。
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公开(公告)号：US06397657B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09204884
申请日：1998-12-03
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01L25/003
摘要： An apparatus for testing torsion bars, comprising a frame, a load cell, a connector, a torque arm and a force applicator. The frame includes a torque end support positioned a predetermined distances from a load cell end support. The load cell is attached to the load cell end support, and the connector is rotatably attached to the torque end support. A torsion bar is connected to and extends between the load cell and the connector. The torque arm has a proximal portion attached to the connector, and at least one distal portion. The force applicator is attached to the distal portion of the torque arm and to the frame. The force applicator rotates the torque arm and provides a torque force to the torsion bar. The invention further comprises a method for testing and measuring the spring rate of torsion bars, comprising the steps of: installing a torsion bar on a torsion bar tester; zeroing the torsion bar tester; pumping a jack on the torsion bar tester to twist the torsion bar until an angle indicator on the torsion bar tester displays the desired angle; and reading a force indicator on the torsion bar tester.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测试扭杆的装置，包括框架，称重传感器，连接器，扭矩臂和力施加器。 该框架包括位于与称重传感器端部支撑件预定距离的扭矩端部支撑件。 称重传感器连接到称重传感器端部支撑件，并且连接器可旋转地附接到扭矩端部支撑件。 扭力杆连接到测力传感器和连接器之间并在测力传感器和连接器之间延伸。 扭矩臂具有附接到连接器的近侧部分和至少一个远端部分。 力施加器附接到扭矩臂的远端部分和框架。 力施加器旋转扭矩臂并向扭杆提供扭矩力。 本发明还包括一种用于测试和测量扭杆的弹簧刚度的方法，包括以下步骤：在扭杆测试仪上安装扭力杆; 使扭杆测试仪调零; 在扭杆测试仪上泵一个千斤顶扭转扭杆，直到扭力测试仪上的角度指示器显示所需的角度; 并在扭杆测试仪上读取力指示器。
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公开(公告)号：US06370481B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09352193
申请日：1999-07-13
申请人： Thomas D. Gamble
发明人： Thomas D. Gamble
IPC分类号： G01H1300
摘要： An apparatus and method for human presence detection in vehicles where a vehicle vibration sensor is provided to sense vehicle vibration. This vibration signal is processed to obtain a measure of vehicle vibration independent of vehicle damping. Also, a seismic sensor senses ground vibrations in the area of the vehicle simultaneously with the sensing of vehicle vibration, and if the ground vibration exceeds a first threshold, the measure of vehicle vibration is discarded. Similarly, an infrasonic sensor may be used to sense infrasonic wind vibrations adjacent to the vehicle simultaneously with the sensing of vehicle vibration. When the infrasonic vibration within a desired frequency range exceeds a second threshold value, the measure of vehicle vibration is discarded.
摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆中的人体存在检测的装置和方法，其中设置有车辆振动传感器以感测车辆振动。 该振动信号被处理以获得独立于车辆阻尼的车辆振动的测量。 此外，地震传感器同时感测车辆振动，同时感测车辆区域中的地面振动，并且如果地面振动超过第一阈值，则舍弃车辆振动的测量。 类似地，可以使用次声传感器来感测与车辆振动相邻的邻近车辆的不正常风振动。 当在期望的频率范围内的次声振动超过第二阈值时，车辆振动的测量被丢弃。
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公开(公告)号：US06820485B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US10460971
申请日：2003-06-13
申请人： Scott F. Grimshaw
发明人： Scott F. Grimshaw
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01N29/12 , G01B7/066 , G01N29/2462 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/0237 , G01N2291/0251 , G01N2291/101
摘要： A device for measuring thickness and/or rate of thickness increase of a film comprises at least one piezoelectric element, and first and second electrodes in contact with the piezoelectric element. A method of measuring thickness and/or rate of thickness increase of a film comprises applying a voltage across a piezoelectric element from a first electrode to a second electrode, thereby causing the piezoelectric element to vibrate, and measuring the rate of vibration of the piezoelectric element. Heat may be applied to the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element may be formed of quartz crystal, e.g., IT-cut.
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公开(公告)号：US06467351B2
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US09297984
申请日：1999-07-28
申请人： Anthony Lonsdale , Bryan Lonsdale
发明人： Anthony Lonsdale , Bryan Lonsdale
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： H03B5/00 , H03B2201/0208
摘要： An apparatus for tracking the varying resonant frequency of an electrically resonant structure, characterized by: a variable frequency oscillator providing an excitation signal of a variable frequency encompassing the possible resonant frequency range of the resonant structure, a bidirectional RF transmission line connecting the variable frequency oscillator and the resonant structure, the transmission line incorporating a directional coupler which generates a directional coupler signal proportional to the reflected signal from the resonant structure, the directional coupler signal being conditioned by a processor to provide a feedback signal to the input of the variable frequency oscillator, such that the mean frequency of the excitation signal is caused to continuously track the varying resonant frequency resonant structure. Typically the tracking of the varying resonant frequency involves at least two functions, a first search function for initially searching the possible resonant frequency range of the resonant structure and, once resonance of the resonant structure is established, a second following function for following the variable resonant frequency as it varies as a function of time.
摘要翻译： 一种用于跟踪电谐振结构的变化的谐振频率的装置，其特征在于：一个可变频率振荡器，提供包含谐振结构的可能共振频率范围的可变频率的激励信号;连接可变频率振荡器 和谐振结构，传输线包括定向耦合器，其产生与来自谐振结构的反射信号成比例的定向耦合器信号，定向耦合器信号由处理器调节以向可变频率振荡器的输入端提供反馈信号 使得激励信号的平均频率被引起连续地跟踪变化的谐振频率共振结构。 通常，变化的谐振频率的跟踪涉及至少两个功能，第一搜索功能，用于最初搜索谐振结构的可能谐振频率范围，并且一旦谐振结构的谐振被建立，则用于跟随可变谐振的第二跟随功能 频率随时间的变化而变化。
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公开(公告)号：US06457361B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09387012
申请日：1999-08-31
申请人： Yukihisa Takeuchi , Takao Ohnishi , Koji Kimura
发明人： Yukihisa Takeuchi , Takao Ohnishi , Koji Kimura
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01G3/13
摘要： A mass sensor including: a connecting plate having one or more slit(s) and/or opening portion(s) formed therein and/or having a thin-walled portion and a thick-walled portion formed therein; a diaphragm joined with the connecting plate at respective side surfaces; a piezoelectric element; a sensing plate with the piezoelectric element being provided at least at one part on at least one surface of the sensing plate, which has its side surface joined with a side surface of the connecting plate in the direction perpendicular to the joining direction of the diaphragm and the connecting plate; and a sensor substrate with which at least a part of side surfaces of the connecting plate as well as the sensing plate are joined, and the diaphragm, the connecting plate, the sensing plate, and the piezoelectric element form a resonating portion. The mass sensor can conveniently be used for determining the mass of a substance to be sensed by measuring changes in resonant frequencies caused by changes in the mass of the diaphragm on which a catching substance for catching a substance to be sensed by reacting only with the object of sensing is applied.
摘要翻译： 一种质量传感器，包括：连接板，其中形成有一个或多个狭缝和/或开口部分，和/或具有形成在其中的薄壁部分和厚壁部分; 在相应的侧表面处连接有连接板的隔膜; 压电元件; 具有压电元件的检测板至少在传感板的至少一个表面上的一个部分上设置，其侧表面在垂直于隔膜的接合方向的方向上与连接板的侧表面接合， 连接板; 以及传感器基板，连接板的至少一部分的侧面以及感测板与其连接，隔膜，连接板，感测板和压电元件形成谐振部。 质量传感器可以方便地用于通过测量由通过仅与物体反应而捕获待检测物质的捕获物质的膜片的质量变化引起的谐振频率的变化来确定待感测物质的质量 的感应。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06378371B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09672486
申请日：2000-09-29
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01M7/06 , F16J15/3288 , F16J15/3296 , G01M13/005
摘要： A brush seal segment is mounted within a pressure vessel and against an arcuate surface of an element to provide a seal between regions on opposite sides of the seal at different pressures. By vibrating the vessel through a range of frequencies, natural frequencies of the brush seal under pressure loading can be ascertained. Additionally, by adjusting interference between the arcuate surface and the bristle tips, natural frequencies of the brush seal under various interference loadings can likewise be ascertained. The pressure vessel has mounts for attaching the vessel to a shaker table to facilitate vibrating the vessel through the range of frequencies.
摘要翻译： 刷密封段安装在压力容器内并抵靠元件的弧形表面，以在不同压力下在密封件的相对侧上的区域之间提供密封。 通过在一定范围的频率振动容器，可以确定在加压负载下刷子密封件的固有频率。 此外，通过调整弧形表面和刷毛尖端之间的干涉，同样可以确定各种干涉负荷下的刷密封件的固有频率。 压力容器具有用于将容器附接到振动器台的安装件，以便于在该频率范围内使容器振动。
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公开(公告)号：US06820460B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US09690134
申请日：2000-10-17
申请人： Jan Willem Kars
发明人： Jan Willem Kars
IPC分类号： G01H1300
摘要： System for monitoring the working of rotation or roll dampers in rail vehicles provided with a superstructure which rests on at least two chassis, in which the motions which can be generated as a consequence of the self-seeking character of a wheel set are damped in at least one of the chassis by the said rotation or roll dampers which are mounted between chassis and superstructure, on one side each of the chassis. The working of the dampers is monitored by means of suitable sensors, which emit electric signals dependent upon the working of the particular damper. The system is provided with means for comparing the signals of both sensors and for determining a differential signal. The system is further provided with means by which the differential signal is compared with a reference value, which means emit a warning signal if the differential signal exceeds the said reference value.
摘要翻译： 用于监测轨道车辆中的旋转或滚动阻尼器的工作的系统，其具有搁置在至少两个底盘上的上部结构，其中由于轮组的自寻找特性而可能产生的运动被阻尼在 所述底盘中的至少一个由所述旋转或滚动阻尼器安装在底盘和上部结构之间，每个底盘的一侧。 通过合适的传感器监测阻尼器的工作，该传感器根据特定阻尼器的工作发出电信号。 该系统具有用于比较两个传感器的信号和用于确定差分信号的装置。 该系统还具有将差分信号与参考值进行比较的装置，这意味着如果差分信号超过所述参考值则发出报警信号。
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公开(公告)号：US06805009B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-19
申请号：US10470340
申请日：2003-07-28
IPC分类号： G01H1300
CPC分类号： G01N29/12 , G01M3/16 , G01N29/022 , G01N29/036 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/0255 , G01N2291/0256 , G01N2291/101
摘要： A resonant sensor for determining structural property changes, in particular for detecting the presence of chemical or biological species, comprises a structure (2) mounted to be capable of resonating and having a cyclically symmetrical configuration with two independent degenerative modes of vibration of a common natural frequency (f), and means (24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38) for exciting the structure (2) to resonate according to the two degenerative modes, regions (8,12,16,20) of the structure (2) being modified such that, on changes in the structural properties of the modified regions (8,12,16,20), for example by the addition or subtraction of mass, the natural frequencies (f1, f2) of the two modes of vibration become different, the difference in frequencies (?f) being proportional to the change in structural properties.
摘要翻译： 用于确定结构特性变化的谐振传感器，特别是用于检测化学或生物物质的存在，包括安装成能够谐振并具有周期性对称构型的结构（2），其具有两种独立的退化模式的共同天然 频率（f）和用于激励结构（2）根据两个退化模式共振的装置（24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38），区域（8,12,16,20） 所述结构（2）被修改为使得在修改的区域（8,12,16,20）的结构特性的改变上，例如通过加或减质量，固有频率（f1，f2）为 两种振动模式变得不同，频率差（Δf）与结构特性的变化成正比。
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