Abstract:
A process and system for reducing contaminants contained in a contaminated feedstock comprising mixing the contaminated feedstock with water and at least one of metal scavengers or reactants, to form a feedstock-water-reactant mixture, feeding the mixture under pressure into a hydrothermal purification reactor, wherein the mixture is subject to heat, pressure, and turbulent flow conditions to cause rapid reaction of the inorganic contaminants with the metal scavengers or reactants to form inorganic salts that partition into an aqueous phase and maintaining the temperature, pressure, and turbulent flow conditions of the feedstock-water-reactant mixture for a predetermined space time to prevent the organic portion of the feedstock in the mixture from undergoing a conversion reaction and to form a hydrothermal reactor effluent; and separating the effluent into the aqueous phase containing salts of the inorganic contaminants and an organic phase that contains a lower concentration of inorganic contaminants than the contaminated feedstock.
Abstract:
Methods of the present disclosure may comprise: introducing a first effluent and a second effluent in a gasifier of a partial oxidation unit to produce a waste gas, wherein the first effluent comprises one or more hydrocarbon containing feeds and the second effluent comprises air, enriched air with oxygen or oxygen; selectively removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from the waste gas; combining the waste gas and steam in a water-gas shift unit to produce a shift gas comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide; separating the carbon dioxide from the shift gas in a carbon capture unit to produce a carbon dioxide-enriched effluent and an effluent comprising a hydrogen- and nitrogen-enriched mixture; and recovering the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-enriched effluent.
Abstract:
A method for upgrading a petroleum feedstock using a supercritical water petroleum upgrading system includes introducing the petroleum feedstock, water and an auxiliary feedstock. The method includes operating the system to combine the petroleum feedstock and the water to form a mixed petroleum feedstock and introducing separately and simultaneously into a lower portion of an upflowing supercritical water reactor. The auxiliary feedstock is introduced such that a portion of a fluid contained within the upflowing reactor located proximate to the bottom does not lack fluid momentum. An embodiment of the method includes operating the supercritical water petroleum upgrading system such that the upflowing reactor product fluid is introduced into an upper portion of a downflowing supercritical water reactor. The supercritical water petroleum upgrading system includes the upflowing supercritical water reactor and optionally a downflowing supercritical water reactor.
Abstract:
A method for upgrading a petroleum feedstock using a supercritical water petroleum upgrading system includes introducing the petroleum feedstock, water and an auxiliary feedstock. The method includes operating the system to combine the petroleum feedstock and the water to form a mixed petroleum feedstock and introducing separately and simultaneously into a lower portion of an upflowing supercritical water reactor. The auxiliary feedstock is introduced such that a portion of a fluid contained within the upflowing reactor located proximate to the bottom does not lack fluid momentum. An embodiment of the method includes operating the supercritical water petroleum upgrading system such that the upflowing reactor product fluid is introduced into an upper portion of a downflowing supercritical water reactor. The supercritical water petroleum upgrading system includes the upflowing supercritical water reactor and optionally a downflowing supercritical water reactor.
Abstract:
A catalyst for use in a process for steam conversion of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock includes the steps of: providing a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock; providing a catalytically active phase comprising a first metal and a second metal wherein said first metal is a non-noble Group VIII metal and said second metal is an alkali metal; and contacting said feedstock with steam at a pressure of less than or equal to about 300 psig in the presence of said catalytically active phase so as to provide a hydrocarbon product having a reduced boiling point. The catalyst may be supported on a support material or mixed directly with the feedstock and comprises a first metal selected from the group consisting of non-noble Group VIII metals and mixtures thereof and a second metal comprising an alkali metal wherein said catalyst is active to convert said heavy hydrocarbon at a pressure of less than or equal to about 300 psig.
Abstract:
High activity slurry catalysts for hydroprocessing heavy hydrocarbon oils are produced from Group VIB metal compounds by sulfiding an aqueous mixture of the metal compound with from greater than about 8 to about 14 SCF of hydrogen sulfide per pound of Group VIB metal.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a dispersed Group VIB metal sulfide hydrocarbon oil hydroprocessing catalyst comprising reacting aqueous ammonia and a Group VIB metal compound, such as molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide, to form water soluble compounds such as aqueous ammonium molybdates or tungstates. The aqueous ammonium molybdates or tungstates are sulfided at a relatively low temperature with hydrogen sulfide without feed oil. The slurry stream is then passed through a separator and ammonia is flashed and separated from the system, leaving a separator residue slurry. The separator residue slurry is then mixed with feed oil, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide and sulfided at a relatively high temperature to produce a dispersed molybdenum sulfide or tungsten sulfide catalyst of high hydroprocessing activity. The catalyst slurry and feed oil can then be passed to a hydroprocessing reactor.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a dispersed Group VIB metal sulfide hydrocarbon oil hydroprocessing catalyst comprising reacting aqueous ammonia and a Group VIB metal compound, such as molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide, to form water soluble compounds such as aqueous ammonium molybdates or tungstates. The aqueous ammonium molybdates or tungstates are sulfided at a relatively low temperature with hydrogen sulfide without feed oil. The slurry stream is then passed through a separator and ammonia is flashed and separated from the system, leaving a separator residue slurry. The separator residue slurry is then mixed with feed oil, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide and sulfided at a relatively high temperature to produce a dispersed molybdenum sulfide or tungsten sulfide catalyst of high hydroprocessing activity. The catalyst slurry and feed oil can then be passed to a hydroprocessing reactor.
Abstract:
A process for producing olefins comprising the steps of separating the liquid oil in the fractionator to produce a light oil product; separating the light oil product in the extractor to produce a paraffin fraction stream; increasing a pressure of the paraffin fraction stream in a paraffin pump to produce a pressurized paraffin stream; mixing the pressurized paraffin stream with a pressurized water feed in the water mixer to produce a paraffin-containing water stream; heating the paraffin-containing water stream in the water heater to produce a hot paraffin-water stream, wherein a temperature of the hot paraffin-water stream is greater than 450 deg C., wherein the short chain paraffins are operable to crack at the temperature of the hot paraffin-water stream; mixing the hot paraffin-water stream and the hot feedstock in the feed mixer to produce a mixed feed stream; and introducing the mixed feed stream to the supercritical unit.
Abstract:
A process to produce a light hydrocarbon fraction from a heavy residue feed, the process comprising the steps of operating the first supercritical reactor such that the heavy residue feed and the supercritical water stream undergo conversion reactions to produce a reactor effluent, introducing the reactor effluent to a top inlet in a top portion of a second supercritical reactor, introducing a supercritical water stream to a bottom inlet in a bottom portion of the second supercritical reactor, operating the second supercritical reactor such that the bottom of the barrel fraction is configured to settle in the bottom portion of the second supercritical reactor, withdrawing an upgraded product stream from a top outlet in the top portion of the second supercritical reactor, and withdrawing a heavy product stream from a bottom outlet in the bottom portion of the second supercritical reactor.