Abstract:
Plasticized, unpigmented and pigmented PVC films are described which utilize a biobased, phthalate ester alternative primary plasticizer. The films show comparable color performance to the phthalate ester-plasticized unpigmented or pigmented PVC films, even where the neat biobased plasticizer has a much higher Pt-Co color as measured according to DIN-6271 (ASTM D 1209) compared to the neat phthalate ester plasticizer. Biobased primary plasticizers in the form of diesters of furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid are especially contemplated, and provide increased thermal stability to the PVC films as an added benefit.
Abstract translation:描述了增塑的,未着色的和着色的PVC膜,其利用生物基邻苯二甲酸酯替代的主要增塑剂。 与邻苯二甲酸酯类相比,即使在纯生物基增塑剂具有比DIN-6271(ASTM D 1209)测量的Pt-Co颜色高得多的情况下,该胶片显示出与邻苯二甲酸酯增塑的未着色或着色的PVC膜相当的颜色性能。 增塑剂。 特别考虑了呋喃-2,5-二羧酸二酯形式的基于生物的初级增塑剂,并为PVC膜提供增加的热稳定性,作为附加的益处。
Abstract:
A process for regenerating catalysts that have been deactivated or poisoned during hydrogenation of biomass, sugars and polysaccharides is described, in which polymerized species that have agglomerated to catalyst surfaces can be removed by means of washing the catalyst with hot water at subcritical temperatures. A feature of the process regenerates the catalysts in situ, which allows the process to be adapted for used in continuous throughput reactor systems. Also described is a continuous hydrogenation process that incorporated the present regeneration process.
Abstract:
The present disclosure is directed to compositions having lecithin, a plasticizer, and an emulsifier. The composition may be used solubilize polar solvents in non-polar liquids. Methods of producing and using the compositions disclosed herein are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Anhydrous methods of fractionating corn grain that do not require the use of water but rather depends on use of organic solvents are described. The methods include contacting whole grain corn flour with a at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of a C1-C6 alcohol, ketone, ester or furan to form an admixture having no more than 15% w/w water. The admixture is separated into i) a solids fraction enriched with corn fiber and protein and 2) a liquid organic slurry comprising suspended starch, dissolved corn oil and the organic solvent. The starch is separated from the first organic slurry to obtain a solvent extracted solid starch fraction and a clarified organic solution. The clarified organic solution which contains dissolved oils is retained and may be evaporated to obtain corn oil that can be further refined.
Abstract:
A method to increase ethanol production from a corn dry-mill process is described that comprises adding an enzyme preparation derived from Trichoderma reesei having cellulolytic activity to a saccharification process that includes conventional alpha amylase and glucoamylase. The addition of the cellulolytic enzyme decreases viscosity of the saccharified mash and can increase ethanol yield from a dry grind fermentation by as much as 10% or more. Specific characteristics are provided to show surprising and advantageous results of one particular preparation of cellulolytic enzymes from T. reesei.
Abstract:
Processes for producing animal feeds from biomasses are disclosed. Uses of the processed biomasses and, optionally industrial co-products, as animal feeds are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present invention relates enzyme composition comprising a cellulolytic preparation and an acetylxylan esterase (AXE); and the used of cellulolytic enzyme compositions for hydrolyzing acetylated cellulosic material. Finally the invention also relates to processes of producing fermentation products from acetylated cellulosic materials using a cellulolytic enzyme composition of the invention.
Abstract:
Emulsifier compositions comprising an emulsifier and lecithin are disclosed. The emulsifier compositions may be in a dry form and may be used to disperse compounds in water.
Abstract:
Reduced color epoxidized fatty acid esters are provided which may be used as primary plasticizers for PVC, in replacement of phthalate plasticizers. The reduced color epoxidized fatty acid esters are prepared from natural fats or oils by transesterification and interesterification processes, whereby through the use of borohydride, materials having Pt-Co colors according to ASTM D1209 on the order of 50 and lower are possible.
Abstract:
Presently disclosed are processes for making acrylic acid and methacrylic acid along with their respective esters, from alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. In particular, biobased acrylic acid and acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters can be made starting with bioderived glycols from the hydrogenolysis of glycerol, sorbitol and the like.