摘要:
A method of making 1,5 -pentanediol from tetrahydrofurfural alcohol. The method includes the steps of dehydrating tetrahydrofurfural alcohol (THFA) to dihydropyran (DHP); hydrating at least a portion of the DHP to 2-hydroxy-tetrahydropyran (2-HY-THP) in the presence of a solid acid catalyst; and hydrogenating at least a portion of the 2-HY-THP to 1,5- pentanediol. The method can be conducted entirely in the absence of noble metal catalysts.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present invention relate to processes for converting olefins to alcohols, ethers, or combinations thereof that are suitable for use as a gasoline additive. In one embodiment, the process comprises (a) receiving a feed stream, wherein the feed stream comprises one or more olefins having 2 to 5 carbon atoms in an amount of up to 80% by weight based on the weight of the feed stream; (b) hydroformylating the feed stream in the presence of a catalyst to convert at least 80% of the olefins from the feed stream to oxygenates; (c) separating a product stream from step (b) into an oxygenate stream and a stream comprising unreacted olefins, inerts, the catalyst, and the remaining oxygenates; and (d) treating the oxygenate stream to convert a plurality of the oxygenates into at least one of an alcohol, an ether, or combinations thereof having at least 3 carbon atoms, wherein at least 25 weight percent of the alcohols and ethers having at least 3 carbon atoms are branched based on the total weight of the alcohols and ethers having at least 3 carbon atoms, and wherein the alcohols, ethers, or combination thereof is suitable for use as a gasoline additive.
摘要:
A process for the production of one or more product fuels, particularly product motor fuels comprising: recovering a stream comprising olefin from one or more processing units within an oil refinery; feeding said olefin stream to a hydroformylation zone within the refinery; contacting said olefin stream with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst and operating said hydroformylation zone under hydroformylation conditions such that at least a portion of the olefin is converted to an aldehyde having an additional carbon atom to the olefin; recovering a stream comprising said aldehyde from the hydroformylation zone and passing said aldehyde stream to a hydrogenation zone operated under hydrogenation conditions such that at least a portion of the aldehyde is converted to the corresponding alcohol; and recovering a stream comprising alcohol and forwarding the alcohol to one or more product fuel pools, preferably product motor fuel pools within the refinery.
摘要:
A process for preparing a catalyst includes impregnating a metal oxide carrier with an aqueous solution to form an impregnated carrier; drying the impregnated carrier to form a dried, impregnated carrier; and heat-treating the dried, impregnated carrier in air to form the catalyst; wherein: the aqueous solution includes a copper salt; and from about 3 wt% to about 15 wt% of a C 3 -C 6 multifunctional carboxylic acid; and the catalyst includes from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt% copper oxide.
摘要:
The present invention describes a process for production of neopentyl glycol (NPG) from formaldehyde (FD) and isobutyraldehyde (IBD). FD and IBD first react to form hydroxypivaldehyde (HPD) in an aldol condensation step, then HPD is hydrogenated to form NPG in a hydrogenation step. The aldol condensation step is performed using a solid catalyst such as an ion exchange resin catalyst, which can be easily separated from the reaction product. The feed to the aldol condensation step is made homogeneous by adjusting the ratio of IBD, FD, and water in the feed or by adding a solvent that is miscible with both IBD and water. High purity NPG is recovered from the product of the hydrogenation step by a suitable method such as crystallization.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates generally to ceramic materials suitable for use as catalyst support materials, catalysts using such materials and methods for using them, such as methods for converting sugars, sugar alcohols, glycerol, and bio-renewable organic acids to commercially-valuable chemicals and intermediates. One aspect of the invention is a ceramic material including zirconium oxide and one or more metal oxides selected from nickel oxide, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide, the ceramic material being at least about 50 wt.% zirconium oxide. In certain embodiments, the ceramic material is substantially free of any binder or additional stabilizing agent.
摘要:
Gegenstände der Erfindung sind ein Dialdehyd der Formel (Ic) ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und zur Herstellung eines Gemischs konstitutionsisomerer Dialdehydeder Formeln (Ia) und (Ic), ein Gemisch konstitutionsisomerer Diole der Formeln (If) und (Ih) sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.
摘要:
This invention concerns an improved method for the processing of substrates containing a starting material (precursor) of mannitol, wherein all of the fractions obtained can be recovered, thus eliminating waste.