Abstract:
The invention relates to the process for preparing ethyne by the pyrolysis of ethane by heating the same for a period of time that is less than 0.5 sec in the pyrolysis reactor at a temperature in the range of 950 to 1500 DEG C, using steam as diluent gas in a steam/ethane molar ratio of at most 3.
Abstract:
Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of processes for converting methane (CH4), present in a methane-containing feed that may be obtained from a variety of sources such as natural gas, to higher hydrocarbons (e.g., C2+ hydrocarbons) such as C2 hydrocarbons (e.g., ethane, ethylene, and acetylene) and aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, one or more C1- or C2-substituted benzenes, and/or one or more fused ring aromatic hydrocarbons). Representative processes involve direct, non-oxidative methane conversion (NOMC), such that the need for an oxidant to form CO as an intermediate may advantageously be avoided. This reduces overall complexity and the tendency to promote unwanted side reactions that reduce hydrocarbon yields and lead to CO2 production.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to compositions including a mixture or solution of acetylene and a stabilizer. In particular embodiments, the composition is a stabilized composition including pressurized acetylene.
Abstract:
A process for producing ethylene comprising introducing fuel and oxidant gas to combustion zone to produce combustion product; introducing first reactants (hydrocarbons, combustion product) to first reaction zone to produce pyrolysis product (unconverted hydrocarbons, C 2 H 2 , CO, H 2 , CO 2 , optionally C 2 H 4 ), wherein combustion product heats hydrocarbons to first temperature effective for pyrolysis; cooling pyrolysis product in quench zone to produce cooled pyrolysis product having second temperature lower than first temperature; introducing second reactants (C 2 H 6 , cooled pyrolysis product) to second reaction zone excluding catalyst to produce second product (C 2 H 4 , CO, H 2 , C 2 H 2 , CO 2 , unconverted hydrocarbons), wherein C 2 H 6 dehydrogenates to C 2 H 4 , wherein CO 2 hydrogenates to CO, wherein C 2 H 4 amount in second product is greater than in pyrolysis product, wherein second product is characterized by third temperature lower than second temperature; separating second product into C 2 H 4 &C 2 H 2 stream (C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 , CO, H 2 , unconverted hydrocarbons) and CO 2 stream; and recycling CO 2 stream to second reaction zone.
Abstract:
The invention relates to hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to equipment and materials useful for hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to processes for carrying out hydrocarbon pyrolysis, and to the use of hydrocarbon pyrolysis for, e.g., natural gas upgrading. The pyrolysis can be carried out in a reverse-flow reactor.
Abstract:
A process and apparatus for the pyrolysis of methane into acetylene. A heat exchanger is disposed downstream of a supersonic reactor and is used to recover heat from the quenched effluent. Effluent may flow on a shell side of the heat exchanger and cooling fluid may flow on a tube side. Additionally, a separator is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger so that the effluent is capable of freely draining into the separator. The heat exchanger, separator, or both may be disposed at an angle between 20º to 90º from the horizon so that the fluid is capable of freely draining into the separator. The separator includes an outlet gas valve that may be used to control the pressure within the reactor.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. A hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream may be treated to convert acetylene to another hydrocarbon process. An acid washing system is employed to wash the reactor effluent to remove any copper acetylide byproducts that may be present in the reactor effluent, or alternatively to decompose any copper acetylide byproducts that may remain in the reactor after shutdown of the reactor.
Abstract:
Methods and reactors are provided for producing acetylene. The method includes combusting a fuel with oxygen in a combustor to produce a carrier gas, and accelerating the carrier gas to a supersonic speed in a converging/diverging nozzle prior to the carrier gas entering a reaction zone. A nozzle exit temperature of the carrier gas is controlled from 1,200 degrees centigrade (°C) to 2,500 °C by adding a heat sink gas to the carrier gas before the reaction zone, where the heat sink gas is different than the fuel and the oxygen. Methane is added to the carrier gas in the reaction zone, and a shock wave is produced in the reaction zone by adjusting a back pressure such that the methane reacts to form acetylene.