Abstract:
Described herein is an oligomer according to formula I: (I) wherein Y is an anionic group selected from the group consisting of: sulfates, carboxylates, phosphate, phosphonate, and sulfonate, wherein each X1, X2, and X3 are independently selected from F, C1, H, and CF3; R is a linking group; each Z1 and Z2 is independently selected from F and CF3; m is at least 2; and R1 and R2 are end groups, wherein the oligomer comprises substantially no pendant functional groups, except those selected from the group consisting of: sulfates, carboxylates, phosphate, phosphonate, and sulfonate.
Abstract:
A process for making a useful cleaning product from an alkoxylate of a secondary alcohol which comprises: (a) partially sulfating a secondary alcohol alkoxylate with sulfur trioxide in a falling film sulfation reactor at a molar ratio of sulfur trioxide to secondary alcohol alkoxylate of less than 0.9 to produce a mixture comprising a sulfuric acid ester of the secondary alcohol alkoxylate and secondary alcohol alkoxylate which may comprise at least 50 percent by weight of the sulfuric acid ester of the secondary alcohol alkoxylate, (b) combining the mixture with a neutralizing agent in an amount sufficient to neutralize the sulfuric acid ester, and (c) optionally adding water to yield a useful cleaning product.
Abstract:
The invention includes methods for preparing halohydrins and epoxides. A method of preparing halohydrins can include exposing (R 1 CHXCH 2 O-) 2 SO 2 to R 2 COOH to produce R 1 CHXCH 2 COOR 2 and hydrolyzing the R 1 CHXCH 2 COOR 2 to produce the halohydrin R 1 CHXCH 2 OH. R 1 and R 2 can be the same or different single elements and/or organic groups and X can be a halogen. A method of preparing an epoxide can include combining a sulfuric acid containing solution with a halogen to produce a first mixture and exposing the first mixture to trifluoropropene to produce a second mixture. The second mixture can be combined with acetic acid to produce an acetyl halohydrin of trifluoropropene and the acetyl halohydrin can be hydrolyzed to form a halohydrin of trifluoropropene. The halohydrin can be converted to a trifluoropropyl epoxide.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schwefelsäuremonoestern aus Aminoalkanolen durch Reaktion von Schwefelsäure mit Aminoalkanolen und Entfernen des bei der Reaktion entstehenden Wassers aus dem Reaktionsgemisch, wobei man Schwefelsäure und mindestens ein Aminoalkanol mischt, die entstehende heiße Reaktionsmischung unter turbulenter Strömung in einen Behälter leitet und darin mit einem Fluid quencht.
Abstract:
Severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohols are prepared by reacting an organic carboxylic acid or alkali metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid with a sulfonyl halide, a sulfuryl halide, a mixed sulfuryl ester halide or a mixed sulfuryl amide halide to yield a sulfonic-carboxylic anhydride compound which is then reacted with a dioxane to cleave the ring of the dioxane, yielding a cleavage product which cleavage product is then aminated with an alkylamine and hydrolyzed with base to yield the severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohol.
Abstract:
The invention relates to branched, substantially unsaturated fatty alcohol sulfates that are obtained by a) dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids with 16 to 22 carbon atoms in a manner known per se, b) separation of the monomer fraction resulting from said dimerization, c) conversion of the branched, substantially unsaturated fatty acids contained in said fraction to the corresponding fatty acid methyl esters, d) hydration of the branched, substantially unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters to the corresponding branched, substantially unsaturated fatty alcohols, thereby obtaining double bonds, and e) sulfation and neutralization of said fatty alcohols in a manner known per se.
Abstract:
Claimed is a process for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic polyamides or polyamide-containing compounds with an assistant comprising a compound of formula (I) where the substituents are each as defined in Claim 1, or mixtures thereof, the assistant per se, and the preparation of a storage-stable composition thereof and substrates dyed or printed by the process.
Abstract:
A process which comprises: the step of contacting a fatty acid alkyl ester with a sulfonating gas in the presence of a discoloration inhibitor to sulfonate the ester; the step of esterifying the product of the sulfonation step with a lower alcohol; the step of neutralizing the system resulting from the esterification step to obtain a neutralization product; and the step of bleaching the neutralization product to obtain a bleached product. It preferably further contains the step of deodorizing the bleached product. Thus, an alpha -sulfo-fatty acid alkyl ester salt having a nearly white, light color and preferably reduced in odor can be produced through simplified steps.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a single-stage method for producing alpha -hydroxy ethers corresponding to formulae (I) and (II), by oxidizing olefinic substrates with organic hydroperoxides and opening the resulting oxirane ring by means of monovalent or polyvalent alcohols. Molybdenum compounds in combination with boron trifluoride or aluminum oxide or 1.8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene or 1.4-diazabicyclo-[2.2.2]-octane can be used as a catalyst system.