Abstract:
Изобретение относится к технологии утилизации лигноцеллюлозных отходов производства пальмового масла, прежде всего, пустых фруктовых гроздей, остающихся после отделения масличных фруктов. Способ утилизации основан на использовании особенностей строения клеточной ткани гроздей и обеспечивает получение растворимых Сахаров, пригодных для получения этанола, и получения твердого, обогащенного лигнином топлива, обладающего теплотворной способностью, повышенной по сравнению с исходным материалом в 1,5 раза. Способ включает механическую обработку гроздей для раскрытия каналов в сосудистой ткани растительного отхода, химическую обработку разбавленными растворами кислоты, щелочи или фермента для повышения адсорбционной емкости материала, быстрый ферментативный гидролиз части целлюлозы (60%-70%) в растворимую глюкозу, механическую обработку пульпы для активации оставшейся части целлюлозы (30%), выделение обогащенного лигнином остатка, сушку и формирование из него твердого топлива - пеллет прессованием или экструзией. В ходе получения пальмового масла банчи подвергаются сортировке и очистке, обработке острым паром для отделения масличных фруктов, что кондиционирует и дезинфицирует растительное сырье и создает дополнительные преимущества для его использования в последующих химических и биотехнолоrических процессах. Полученная мука может служить исходным сырьем для получения жидкого (биоэтанола) и твердого (пеллеты) топлива.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides an organosolv biorefining process. The present process comprises treating a lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of a solvent and under certain conditions to separate at least a part of the lignin from the biomass.
Abstract:
A reactor for the treatment of lignocellulosic material and related methods. The reactor includes a vessel having an upper portion and a lower portion. A pressure envelope is formed between an outer wail of the vessel and at least one lower wall of the lower portion of the vessle, and the upper portion of the vessel and the pressure envelope are operatively connected with a pressurization line, such that a pressure of the pressure envelope and a pressure of the upper portion may be equalized.
Abstract:
A reactor for the treatment of lignocellulosic material and related methods. The reactor includes a vessel having an upper portion and a lower portion. A pressure envelope is formed between an outer wail of the vessel and at least one lower wall of the lower portion of the vessle, and the upper portion of the vessel and the pressure envelope are operatively connected with a pressurization line, such that a pressure of the pressure envelope and a pressure of the upper portion may be equalized.
Abstract:
A system and method for digesting cellulosic material to extract fermentable sugars, lignin, and pulp is disclosed. One embodiment comprises a continuous digester comprising a cellulosic material feed section including a pre-steam and impregnation zone, a sugar extraction zone, a lignin extraction zone and a cooking zone, the continuous digester to impregnate the cellulosic material with a mild acid solution and continuously digest the cellulosic material to extract fermentable sugars, lignin, and pulp. Another embodiment comprises a method for receiving cellulosic material in a continuous digester, removing air from the cellulosic material, impregnating the cellulosic material with a mild acid, hydrolyzing hemicellulose in the cellulosic material to fermentable sugars, extracting the fermentable sugars from the cellulosic material, cooking the cellulosic material to extract lignin from the cellulosic material, washing the cellulosic material in a hot alcohol wash, a hot water wash, and a cold water wash, and discharging pulp.
Abstract:
The invention proposes a method for pretreating plant starting material for the purpose of producing bioethanol and/or sugar by means of a common chamber (12), characterized in that: -during one period, the plant material (MP), introduced into the common pretreatment chamber, is a lignocellulosic plant starting material, the pretreatment of which is aimed at separating the cellulose, the hemicelluloses and the lignins so as to obtain a pretreated plant material that canbe hydrolysed and fermented for the production of bioethanol; -during another period, the plant material (MP), introduced into the common pretreatment chamber, is a sacchariferous plant starting material, the pretreatment of which is aimed at extracting therefrom, by diffusion, a sugar juice for the production of sugar and/or of bioethanol.
Abstract:
Process for defibering a fibrous raw-material. According to the process a raw-material is contacted with a pulping liquor that contains an organic solvent for producing a defibrated fibrous raw-material. Cooking liquor contains by its weight about 0.01 to 10 % of hypo-phosphoric acid or corresponding reducing phosphoric acid derivative. A remarkable high yield is obtained by the process and cooking has been noted to have an effect activating the fibrous material. The fibrous material has good mechanical properties, it reacts easily with functionalizing enzymes and it is easily hydrolysable in to sugars e.g. by means of enzymes.
Abstract:
The invention deals with a method and an equipment to degrade the natural structure of a lignin containing fibre based material and/or to dissolve the lignin and other components partially or totally by using essentially lactic acid, lactic acid oligomer or the aqueous solution of these, in a continuous process in a way that the dissolving and the degradation of the components to form fragments having molecular weights of less than 1000 g/mol occurs in a reactor (4) by using just an elevated temperature and an elevated pressure. In the degradation formed low molecular weight compounds can be used as a biofuel or as a component of the same or as a crude material in a fermentation or in a biorefinery or as a component or feed stock material of polymers or resins or other chemical products.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von gebleichten Holzpartikeln sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung heller bis weißer Holzwerkstoffe, die aus den gebleichten Holzpartikeln hergestellt sind.