Abstract:
A reactor apparatus and reactor system for treating a lignocellulosic material is provided, said apparatus and system including a reactor which is switchable between a first mode for producing a first reaction product including a partially hydrolysed lignocellulosic material and a second mode for producing a second reaction product suitable for conversion into a cellulosic pulp. Also provided is a method of operating a reactor system for treating a lignocellulosic material, which includes selecting between first and second modes of operation of a reactor, wherein the first mode is adapted to produce a first reaction product comprising a partially hydrolysed lignocellulosic material and the second mode is adapted to produce a second reaction product suitable for conversion into a cellulosic pulp.
Abstract:
The method for preparing nanofibrillar cellulose comprises - disintegrating (DIS1) fibrous cellulosic raw material to a first disintegration level to a half-fabricate, - transporting (TRANS) the half-fabricate in the first disintegration level in concentrated form to a destination, and - at the destination, disintegrating (DIS2) the half-fabricate from the first disintegration level to the second disintegration level to nanofibrillar cellulose.
Abstract:
It is disclosed an integrated process for producing at least a cellulosic pulp comprising cellulose in the form of fibers and a polyols stream from a ligno-cellulosic feedstock comprising cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The process comprises the steps of: a) Treating the ligno-cellulosic feedstock to produce the cellulosic pulp and at least a liquid sugar stream comprising water and monomeric sugars derived from the hemicellulose of the ligno-cellulosic feedstock; b) Catalytically converting the monomeric sugars of the liquid sugar stream to a polyols mixture, comprising primary polyols and secondary polyols; c) Separating at least a portion of the polyols mixture into at least the polyols stream and a residual stream, wherein the polyols stream comprises the majority by weight of the primary polyols and the residual stream comprises the majority by weight of the secondary polyols; d) Recovering a first thermal energy from the residual stream in a first recovery unit.
Abstract:
The present disclosure related to Organosolv processes for recovery of lignin derivatives from lignocellulosid feedstocks chosen from i) hardwood, ii) softwood, and iii) annual fibre. The lignin derivatives from each of these feedstocks have a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content. Specifically, i) 2.35 mmol/g or less from hardwood; ii) 7.0 mmol/g or less from softwood, and iii) 1.00 to 3.75 mmol/g from annual fibre. Stable and predictable antioxidant activity is provided by selecting for derivatives of native lignin having these specific ranges of aliphatic hydroxyl contents.
Abstract:
Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites.
Abstract:
A method for treating a cellulosic material comprising extracting the cellulosic material with an extractant to selectively extract hemicellulose therein and separating the extracted hemicellulose to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the cellulose-containing material. The extractant comprises an ionic liquid and a non-solvent. The cellulosic product retains the cellulosic fiber morphology.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a method for treating liquid flows at a chemical pulp mill. The method comprises producing unbleached pulp in a brown stock preparation unit (20), dosing first acidification chemical to the unbleached pulp flow in an acidification stage (26) in order to dissolve at least part of the phosphorus compounds in the unbleached pulp flow, forming a phosphorus compounds containing filtrate, removing at least a portion of said phosphorus compounds containing filtrate from the unbleached pulp flow in a phosphorus removal step (27), and bleaching the unbleached pulp in a bleaching unit (30). In addition, the invention relates to a system for treating liquid flows at a chemical pulp mill.
Abstract:
The invention relates, in general, to methods of processing lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars and to methods that rely on hydrothermal pretreatment. Xylose monomer yields comparable to those achieved using two-stage pretreatments can be achieved from soft lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks by pretreating to very low severity in a single-stage pressurized hydrothermal pretreatment, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis to release xylose retained in the solid state. In some embodiments, pretreated biomass is separated into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, the solid fraction subject to enzymatic hydrolysis, and the separated liquid fraction subsequently mixed with the hydrolysed solid fraction.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Zellstoff mit niedrigem Ligningehalt, gekennzeichnet durch eine Kombination der Massnahmen, dass a) lignocellulosisches Material mit einer wässrigen Lösung, welche einen C 1-6 -Alkohol enthält und einen pH-Wert von 10 bis 14 aufweist, bei einer Temperatur unter 100°C behandelt wird, worauf die wässrige Lösung, in der Lignin, das aus der Lignocellulose abgespalten wurde, gelöst vorliegt, vom Feststoff, der ein mit Cellulose und Hemicellulose angereichertes Material darstellt, abgetrennt wird, b) Hemicellulose aus dem mit Cellulose und Hemicellulose angereichertes Material aus a) entfernt wird, c) das in b) erhaltene Material, das mit Hemicellulose abgereichert ist, in wässriger alkalischer Lösung mit einem Alkali-, Erdalkali- oder Ammoniumsulfit, insbesondere Na 2 SO 3 , und/oder mit Sauerstoff, behandelt wird, wobei Lignin in Lösung geht und Zellstoff mit niedrigem Ligningehalt erhalten wird; sowie durch das Verfahren herstellbarer Zellstoff.
Abstract:
A process for processing a lignocellulosic material comprising the steps of a) contacting a lignocellulosic material at a temperature in the range from equal to or more than 120 °C to equal to or less than 210°C with an aqueous acid solution containing one or more inorganic acids and having a pH in the range from equal to or more than 1.8 to equal to or less than 4.0 to produce a mixture, containing pretreated lignocellulosic material and aqueous acid solution, having an overall pH in the range from equal to or more than 3.0 to equal to or less than 4.5; b) contacting at least part of the mixture produced in step a) with a base to produce a neutralized mixture containing neutralized pretreated lignocellulosic material and one or more insoluble salts.