Abstract:
A method for forming 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) comprising providing a dehydrochlorination starting material having relatively low concentrations of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf), especially and preferable less than about 8.0% when the dehydrochlorination reaction utilizes no substantial amount of catalyst or catalyst comprising austenitic nickel-based materials.
Abstract:
A continuous, vapor phase method for purifying a crude mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and one or more unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds, the process comprising: a) providing a photochlorinator vessel comprising : 1) a UV lamp unit comprising a UV lamp located in a transparent inner well, the transparent inner well being located within a transparent outer well, the outer well being provided with material for cooling walls of the inner and outer wells; the inner well and the outer well defining separate chambers isolated from each other; and 2) a reaction vessel into which the UV lamp unit has been inserted; b) introducing into the reaction vessel a gaseous mixture of Cb and a distillation inseparable mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and one or more unsaturated fluorocarbon compdunds; c) reacting, in the gaseous state and in the presence of UV light from the photochlorinator, the mixture with CI 2 with the distillation inseparable mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and one or more unsaturated compounds to saturate unsaturated fluorocarbons into a reacted mixture, and d) separating a purified 1, 1,1, 3,3, 3-hexafluoroporpane product containing less than 1000 ppm, most preferably less than 100 ppm unsaturated fluorocarbons.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of 1234yf from 1,1,2,3-tetrachloro-propene, abbreviated herein as "TCP," in three integrated steps: (a) the R-1 hydrofluorination of TCP to form 1233xf in the vapor phase; (b) the R-2 hydrofluorination of 1233xf to form 244bb in either the liquid phase or in the liquid phase followed by the vapor phase; and (c) the R-3 dehydrochlorination of the 244bb in either the liquid or the vapor phase to produce 1234yf; wherein the vapor phase hydrofluorination of TCP in step (a) is carried out at a lower pressure than the liquid phase hydrofluorination of 123xf; and wherein the HCl generated during these steps is scrubbed with water to form an acid solution and the organic components are scrubbed with a caustic solution and then dried before further processing.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of HFO-1234yf from TCP in three integrated steps that include hydrofluorination of TCP (tetrachloropropene) to HCFC-1233xf in the vapor phase followed by hydrofluorination of HCFC-1233xf to HCFC-244bb in the liquid phase which is then followed by dehydrochlorination in liquid or vapor phase to produce HFO-1234yf. The vapor phase hydrofluorination is carried out at a higher pressure than the liquid phase hydrofluorination, thereby eliminating the need for compression and/or intermediate recovery. Also, any HCl generated from this reaction is fed to the liquid phase hydrofluorination section to promote agitation and mixing. This results in a more economical process from an initial capital and operating cost versus conducting the 3-steps sequentially.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of HFO-1234yf from TCP in three integrated steps that include hydrofluorination of TCP (tetrachloropropene) to HCFC-1233xf in the vapor phase followed by hydrofluorination of HCFC-1233xf to HCFC-244bb in the liquid phase which is then followed by dehydrochlorination in liquid or vapor phase to produce HFO-1234yf. The vapor phase hydrofluorination is carried out at a higher pressure than the liquid phase hydrofluorination, thereby eliminating the need for compression and/or intermediate recovery. Also, any HCl generated from this reaction is fed to the liquid phase hydrofluorination section to promote agitation and mixing. This results in a more economical process from an initial capital and operating cost versus conducting the 3-steps sequentially.
Abstract:
A continuous, vapor phase method for purifying a crude mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and one or more unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds, the process comprising: a) providing a photochlorinator vessel comprising : 1) a UV lamp unit comprising a UV lamp located in a transparent inner well, the transparent inner well being located within a transparent outer well, the outer well being provided with material for cooling walls of the inner and outer wells; the inner well and the outer well defining separate chambers isolated from each other; and 2) a reaction vessel into which the UV lamp unit has been inserted; b) introducing into the reaction vessel a gaseous mixture of Cb and a distillation inseparable mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and one or more unsaturated fluorocarbon compdunds; c) reacting, in the gaseous state and in the presence of UV light from the photochlorinator, the mixture with CI 2 with the distillation inseparable mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and one or more unsaturated compounds to saturate unsaturated fluorocarbons into a reacted mixture, and d) separating a purified 1, 1,1, 3,3, 3-hexafluoroporpane product containing less than 1000 ppm, most preferably less than 100 ppm unsaturated fluorocarbons.
Abstract:
A process for the manufacture of halogenated olefins in semi-batch mode by dehydrohalogenation of halogenated alkanes in the presence of an aqueous base such as KOH which simultaneously neutralizes the resulting hydrogen halide. During the process, aqueous base is continuously added to the haloalkane which results in better yields, lower by-product formation and safer/more controllable operation.
Abstract:
A process for the manufacture of halogenated olefins in semi-batch mode by dehydrohalogenation of halogenated alkanes in the presence of an aqueous base such as KOH which simultaneously neutralizes the resulting hydrogen halide. During the process, aqueous base is continuously added to the haloalkane which results in better yields, lower by-product formation and safer/more controllable operation.