Abstract:
A system and method for automatically performing gas optimization after a refill in the chambers of a two chamber gas discharge laser such as an excimer laser. The laser is continuously fired at a low power output, and the gas in the amplifier laser chamber bled until the discharge voltage meets/exceeds a minimum value without dropping the pressure below a minimum value. The power output is increased, and the gas bled again until the voltage and pressure meet/exceed the minimum values. The laser is then fired in a burst pattern that approximates the expected firing of the laser in operation, and the gas bled until the discharge voltage meets/exceeds the minimum value and the output energy meets/exceeds a minimum value, again without dropping the pressure in the chamber below the minimum value. Once the minimum values are provided, the process runs quickly without manual interaction.
Abstract:
A device is disclosed, herein which may comprise a droplet generator producing droplets of target material; a sensor providing an. intercept time signal when a droplet reaches a preselected location; a delay circuit coupled with said sensor, the delay circuit generating a trigger signal delayed from the. intercept time signal; a. laser source responsive to a trigger signal to produce a laser pulse-; and a system controlling said delay circuit to provide a. trigger signal delayed from the intercept time by a first delay time to generate a light pulse that is focused on a droplet and a trigger signal delayed from the intercept time by a second delay time to generate a light -pulse which is not focused on a droplet.
Abstract:
Devices are described herein which may comprise an optic having a non- planar surface, the non-planar surface having, an optically active portion; and a flow guide directing gas upon the non-planar surface to produce turbulent flow on at least a portion of the optically active portion of the non-planar surface to cool the optic.
Abstract:
An apparatus includes a light source that produces a light beam, a bandwidth measurement system, a plurality of bandwidth actuation systems, and a control system. Each bandwidth actuation system includes one or more bandwidth actuators and each bandwidth actuation system is connected to an optical feature that is optically coupled to the produced light beam and operable to modify the connected optical feature to select a bandwidth within a bandwidth range of the produced light beam. The control system is connected to the bandwidth measurement system and to the plurality of bandwidth actuation systems. The control system is configured to switch between activating and operating a first bandwidth actuation system and activating and operating a second bandwidth actuation system independently and separately of activating and operating the first bandwidth actuation system based on a provided bandwidth measurement and a selected target bandwidth.
Abstract:
An apparatus includes a light source having a gain medium for producing an amplified light beam of a source wavelength along a beam path to irradiate a target material in a chamber and to generate extreme ultraviolet light; and a subsystem overlying at least a portion of an internal surface of the chamber and configured to reduce a flow of light at the source wavelength from the internal surface back along the beam path.
Abstract:
A device is described herein which may comprise a chamber, a fluid line, a pressurized source material in the fluid line, a component restricting flow of the source material into the chamber, a sensor measuring flow of a fluid in the fluid line and providing a signal indicative thereof, and a pressure relief valve responsive to a signal to reduce a leak of source material into the chamber in the event of a failure of the component.
Abstract:
A device is described herein which may comprise an oscillator having an oscillator cavity length, L 0 , and defining an oscillator path; and a multi-pass optical amplifier coupled with the oscillator to establish a combined optical cavity including the oscillator path, the combined cavity having a length, L combined , where L combined = (N + x) * L 0 , where "N" is an integer and "x" is a number between 0.4 and 0.6.
Abstract:
A line narrowing apparatus and method for a narrow band DUV high power high repetition rate gas discharge laser producing output laser light pulse beam pulses in bursts of pulses is disclosed, which may comprise a dispersive center wavelength selection optic contained within a line narrowing module, selecting at least one center wavelength for each pulse determined at least in part by the angle of incidence of the laser light pulse beam containing the respective pulse on a dispersive wavelength selection optic dispersive surface; a first dispersive optic bending mechanism operatively connected to the dispersive center wavelength selection optic and operative to change the curvature of the dispersive surface in a first manner; and, a second dispersive optic bending mechanism operatively connected to the dispersive center wavelength selection optic and operative to change the curvature of the dispersive surface in a second manner. The first manner may modify a first measure of bandwidth and the second manner may modify a second measure of bandwidth such that the ratio of the first measure to the second measure substantially changes. The first measure may be a spectrum width at a selected percentage of the spectrum peak value (FWX%M) and the second measure may be width within which some selected percentage of the spectral intensity is contained (EX%). The first dispersive optic bending mechanism may change the curvature of the dispersive surface in a first dimension and the second in a second dimension generally orthogonal to the first dimension. The laser system may comprise a beam path insert comprising a material having an different index of refraction and an index of refraction thermal gradient opposite from that of a neighboring optical element. The first dispersive optic bending mechanism may change the curvature of the dispersive surface in a first dimension and the second a second dimension generally parallel to the first dimension. An optical beam twisting element in the lasing cavity may optically twist the laser light pulse beam to present a twisted wavefront to the dispersive center wavelength selection optic. Bending may change the curvature and wavelength selection, e.g., in a burst may create two center wavelength peaks to select FWX%M and EX% independently.
Abstract:
A device is disclosed which may comprise a system generating a plasma at a plasma site, the plasma producing EUV radiation and ions exiting the plasma. The device may also include an optic, e.g., a multi-layer mirror, distanced from the site by a distance, d, and a flowing gas disposed between the plasma and optic, the gas establishing a gas pressure sufficient to operate over the distance, d, to reduce ion energy below a pre-selected value before the ions reach the optic, hi one embodiment, the gas may comprise hydrogen and in a particular embodiment, the gas may comprise greater than 50 percent hydrogen by volume.
Abstract:
A plasma generating system is disclosed having a source of target material droplets, e.g. tin droplets, and a laser, e.g. a pulsed CO 2 laser, producing a beam irradiating the droplets at an irradiation region, the plasma producing EUV radiation. For the device, the droplet source may comprise a fluid exiting an orifice and a sub-system producing a disturbance in the fluid which generates droplets having differing initial velocities causing at least some adjacent droplet pairs to coalesce together prior to reaching the irradiation region, hi one implementation, the disturbance may comprise a frequency modulated disturbance waveform and in another implementation, the disturbance may comprise an amplitude modulated disturbance waveform.