Abstract:
The catalyst of the invention is a particulate catalyst in the form of particles having a minimum dimension of at least 0.8 mm, comprising a transition metal or a compound thereof dispersed on a porous support material, characterised in that said catalyst particles comprise at least 35% w/w total transition metal; and the transition metal surface area of said catalyst is at least 110 m2 per gram of transition metal and the tapped bulk density of a bed of the catalyst particles is at least 0.7 g/ml. The method of making a catalyst includes multiple steps of impregnation of a porous support with a metal ammine solution followed by drying, calcination and reduction of the dried material. The catalyst is useful in hydrogenation reactions.
Abstract:
The invention comprises a process for the chemical treatment of a feed stream containing at least one organic compound comprising the step of contacting said feed stream with a catalyst comprising nickel and ruthenium in amounts to provide a mole ratio of ruthenium to nickel in the range from 0.15 x10 -3 to 0.06. We have found that such catalysts maintain activity even in the presence of acid components which normally promote deactivation of nickel catalysts.
Abstract:
The invention provides a compound suitable for use as a catalyst for ring opening polymerisation reactions for example for the polymerisation of lactones, lactides etc, the catalyst comprising the reaction product of (i) an alkoxide, halide, condensed alkoxide, amide, condensed amide, mixed halo-alkoxide or, mixed halo-amide, sulphonic acid derivative, sulphonamide, silanol or silylamide of titanium zirconium, hafnium or aluminium or a mixture thereof, and (ii) a complexing compound selected from the list comprising oximes, hydroxy-Schiff bases, 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives, 10-hydroxybenzo-[h]-quinoline derivatives, hydrazones and substituted phenols.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition for producing polyesters comprises (a) a compound obtained by reacting a titanium, zirconium or aluminum alkoxide with an alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups or a 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid in the presence of a base, and (b) at least one compound comprising germanium, tin or antimony. Polyesters obtained by esterification using this catalyst are disclosed, as are textiles, fibers, films, rigid packaging, and other articles made using the polyester.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition for producing polyesters comprises (a) a compound obtained by reacting a titanium, zirconium or aluminum alkoxide with an alcohol having at least two hydroxyl groups or a 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid in the presence of a base, and (b) at least one compound comprising germanium, tin or antimony. Polyesters obtained by esterification using this catalyst are disclosed, as are textiles, fibers, films, rigid packaging, and other articles made using the polyester.
Abstract:
Abstract A catalyst suitable for use in an esterification reaction comprises the reaction product of a compound of titanium, zirconium or hafnium, a 2hydroxy carboxylic acid and a quaternary ammonium compound selected from the group consisting of tetraethylammonium hydroxide and tetramethylammonium hydroxide, optionally with an alcohol or water.
Abstract:
The invention comprises a catalyst composition comprising the reaction product of a phosphonate-functionalised polyorganosiloxane containing at least one P-OR group, where R is hydrogren, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkyl-aryl radical which may be substituted with hydrocarbyl or non-hydrocarbyl substituents or an optionally complexed metal ion, and a compound of a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zinc, tin, magnesium, germanium, zirconium, aluminium, hafnium, an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rhodium, palladium, platinum, gold and silver. The supporter catalyst is useful in a number of chemical processes, e.g. esterification processes.
Abstract:
The catalyst of the invention is a particulate catalyst in the form of particles having a minimum dimension of at least 0.8 mm, comprising a transition metal or a compound thereof dispersed on a porous support material, characterised in that said catalyst particles comprise at least 35% w/w total transition metal; and the transition metal surface area of said catalyst is at least 110 m 2 per gram of transition metal and the tapped bulk density of a bed of the catalyst particles is at least 0.7 g/ml. The method of making a catalyst includes multiple steps of impregnation of a porous support with a metal ammine solution followed by drying, calcination and reduction of the dried material. The catalyst is useful in hydrogenation reactions.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition comprises the reaction product of an alkoxide or condensed alkoxide of a metal M, selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, aluminium, or a lanthanide, an alcohol containing at least two hydroxyl groups, a 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid and a base, wherein the molar ratio of base to 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid is in the range 0.01 - 0.79:1. The composition is useful as a catalyst for esterification reactions, especially for the production of polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition comprises the reaction product of an alkoxide or condensed alkoxide of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, aluminium, iron (III), or a lanthanide, a 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid, a base and optionally an alcohol containing at least two hydroxyl groups. A process for the manufacture of polyurethane materials using the catalyst is also described.